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Anatomy of a Single-best –answer
     Multiple Choice Item

            From BYU
3 parts
• Stem
• Options (or distractors)
• Key
Stem
• The stem is the sentence, or sentences, that
  introduces the problem to be solved. It is
  recommended that the stem take the shape of
  a complete question

• “What is chiefly responsible for the increase in
  the average length of life in the USA in the
  last fifty years?”
Options and key
• These are the suggested solutions to the problem
  addressed in the stem
• There should be one best answer and 2-4 distractors
• The purpose of the distractors is to appear as plausible
  solutions to the problem for those students who have
  not achieved the objective being measured by the test
  item. Conversely, the distractors must appear as
  implausible solutions for those students who have
  achieved the objective. Only the answer should appear
  plausible to these students.
A complete item
• “What is chiefly responsible for the increase in the
  average length of life in the USA in the last fifty
  years?”
      A. Compulsory health and physical education
      courses in public schools.
      B. The reduced death rate among infants and
      young children
      C. The safety movement, which has greatly
      reduced the number of deaths from accidents.
      D. The substitution of machines for human labor.

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Parts of stem

  • 1. Anatomy of a Single-best –answer Multiple Choice Item From BYU
  • 2. 3 parts • Stem • Options (or distractors) • Key
  • 3. Stem • The stem is the sentence, or sentences, that introduces the problem to be solved. It is recommended that the stem take the shape of a complete question • “What is chiefly responsible for the increase in the average length of life in the USA in the last fifty years?”
  • 4. Options and key • These are the suggested solutions to the problem addressed in the stem • There should be one best answer and 2-4 distractors • The purpose of the distractors is to appear as plausible solutions to the problem for those students who have not achieved the objective being measured by the test item. Conversely, the distractors must appear as implausible solutions for those students who have achieved the objective. Only the answer should appear plausible to these students.
  • 5. A complete item • “What is chiefly responsible for the increase in the average length of life in the USA in the last fifty years?” A. Compulsory health and physical education courses in public schools. B. The reduced death rate among infants and young children C. The safety movement, which has greatly reduced the number of deaths from accidents. D. The substitution of machines for human labor.