International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.

1. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714
www.ijhssi.org Volume 3 Issue 10 ǁ October. 2014 ǁ PP.46-47
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Kandukuri Veeresalingam – Pioneer Of Modern Andhra
Meruga Ramesh
Lecturer in History Government Degree College Rajampeta, YSR Kadapa District.
Andhra Pradesh. Pin 516115, India.
ABSTRACT : As a result a uniform system of administration and western thought of the English education
system in India introduced by the British, created a new class of intelligentsia. This new school of intelligentsia
appeared first in Bengal with Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who started the ‘Brahmo Samaj’ for purification of the
sordid Hindu society. Kandukuri Veeresalingam was another reformist from Andhra. Veeresalingam who first
brought the Renaissance in Andhra, and considered as prophet of Modern Andhra. In spite of his poverty, he
finished Matriculation in 1869 and worked as a teacher in Korangi Town. Veeresalingam Pantulu fought
against untruth, and championed the cause of progress with vigor. He fought for education for women, and
remarriage of widows. Veeresalingam Pantulu strongly believed that the existence of castes in the Hindu society
degraded the social infrastructure and he launched the anti-caste movement. Veeresalingam Pantulu Fought for
education for women. He wrote ‘Rajasekhara Chari tam’ was the first Telugu novel. He established an
organization called ‘Hitakarini Samajam’ to improve the society.
KEYWORDS: Brahmo Samaj, Nautch System, Prophet, Remarriage for Widows, Renaissance, Western
thought of the English education,
I. INRODUCTION
In pre-British India the entire life of an individual was organized within the concept of caste and
tradition. The British introduced a uniform system of administration and western thought of the English
education system in India. As a result of these created a new class of intelligentsia who imbibed the liberal
teaching and the spirit of the western philosophers. This new school of intelligentsia appeared first in Bengal
with Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who started the ‘Brahmo Samaj’ for purification of the sordid Hindu society.
Kandukuri Veeresalingam was another reformist from Andhra, who gave great moral courage and showed the
way to the Andhra society.Kandukuri Veeresalingam was a social reformer of Andhra. He is the man who first
brought the Renaissance in Andhra, and considered as prophet of Modern Andhra. Veeresalingam Pantulu
awakened Andhra out of their suffocating medieval orthodox customs and superstitions. Pantulu was born in a
poor Brahmin family on 16th
April 1848 at Rajahmundry. His father was Subbarayudu and mother was
Purnamma. He lost his father at the age of four. In spite of poverty, his mother sent him to the Government
School. He finished Matriculation in 1869 and worked as a teacher in Korangi Town. At age of 14 years
Veeresalingam got married with Rajyalakshmi (Bapamma).
Veeresalingam Pantulu was deeply influenced by the ideals and activities of ‘Brahma Samaj’ and
particularly those of Atmuri Lakshmi Narasimham. He was moved by the filthy social customs like child
marriage, caste-system, prostitution, and the plight of young widows who were denied remarriage by the
society. He advocated through his writings, speeches, and spread education among the illiteracy especially to the
women. Veeresalingam Pantulu fought against untruth, and championed the cause of progress with vigor. He
fought for education for women, and remarriage of widows. On 3rd August1879 he created a sensation
throughout Andhra, when he addressed his first lecture on widow’s re-marriage. Even our old Dharma sutras
also not prohibited widow’s re-marriage once he quoted. In spite of strong opposition from orthodoxy people,
he arranged the first widow remarriage between widower Gogulapati Sreeramulu, and Widow Gowramma in
Andhra on December 11, 1881, Pyda Ramakrishnaiah who supported financially to the marriage. The orthodox
people who encouraged the rowdies to attack Pantulu, but he was saved by his students. And more than 30
families were ex-communicated by the orthodox, who took part in the celebration. Because of these reformist
activities Veeresalingam Pantulu became famous even abroad. Veeresalingam started a building for widows, for
those who were not re-married and neglected by the parents. The news of Pantulu activities spread to the
different parts of the country, and he was highly appreciated by the great social reformers like M.G.Ranade,
Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar and D.K.Karve. Pantulu fame spread abroad. The Government, in appreciation of his
work, conferred on him the title of "Rao Bahadur" in 1893. And Veeresalingam was acclaimed as ‘Iswar
Chandra Vidyasagar of south’ by the famous reformer M.G.Ranade at meeting in 1898.

2. Kandukuri Veeresalingam – Pioneer…
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Veeresalingam Pantulu also fought against the system of concubines called ‘nautch system’. Keeping
concubines was regarded as a status symbol. Most of these concubines were from Devadasi tribe/caste. Usually
in the houses of these Davadasis, the corrupt officials made illegal deals. So, it became a common practice to
use these concubines to get favors from the officials. Veeresalingam Pantulu strongly believed that the existence
of castes in the Hindu society degraded the social infrastructure and he launched the anti-caste movement.
Veeresalingam Pantulu was the founder of the ‘Brahma Samaj’ in Andhra (a reformed form of Hinduism). Sri
Veeresalingam criticized and opposed the itching palms and bribery among the Government employees and was
responsible in getting some of those parasites prosecuted and punished. A District Munisiff committed suicide
when Pantulu exposed his corruption. He also opposed prostitution.Veeresalingam Pantulu Fought for education
for women. He established a school only for girls at Dawaleswaram in 1874, to encourage women's education.
In 1884, he established another school for girls at Innispeta in Rajahmundry. He had also educated his
wife Rajyalakshmi .Besides he started schools for harijans, and night schools for working classes. Pantulu
started a journal ‘Vivekavardhini’ for women in 1874 at Rajahmundry.Veeresalingam Pantulu is popularly
called Gadya Tikkana. His literary activities were varied. He criticized misconceptions, religious disbeliefs, and
orthodoxy in his writings. Veeresalingam wrote ‘Rajasekhara Chari tam’ was the first Telugu novel. Pantulu
was the first to write in prose for women. He established an organization called ‘Hitakarini Samajam’ on 2nd
may 1908, and donated all his property for the social activities to improve the society. He died on 27th
May
1919. His contributions to social reform, specifically to causes such as widow remarriage, are well-remembered
in Andhra Pradesh.
REFERENCES
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Publication. 1994.
[2] P.RaghunadhaRao. History of Modern Andhra Pradesh. published by Sterling Publishers private Limited. New Delhi. First
Edition1988.Re print2003, 2009.
[3] Sarojini Regani Editor. Highlights of the freedom movement in Andhra Pradesh, Published by the Ministry of Cultural Affairs A.P.
Hyderabad. First Edition.1972, second Edition1993 and third Edition 1998.
[4] K. Sundaram Adhunika .Andhra Desa Charitra. Published by A.P.State Archives. Hyderabad. First Edition 1982 and second Edition
2005.
[5] Yenadi Raju .Rayalaseema during Colonial Times, Published by Northern Book Centre New Delhi. 2003.