Is 'lets' adoptable to korean community as a regeneration initiative
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The document discusses Local Exchange Trading Systems (LETS), an alternative currency system where communities create a local currency to trade goods and services. It began in Canada in 1983 and has since spread internationally. The summary explains that LETS aims to rebuild communities by encouraging participation and local economic opportunities through trading without the use of standard currency or interest. However, challenges include concerns about benefits, record-keeping, and persuading communities to participate. The document also provides an example of a LETS program in South Korea and considers whether such systems could be successfully adopted in Korea.
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Is 'lets' adoptable to korean community as a regeneration initiative
- 1. 1<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 1<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> 용 인 시 한국능률협회컨설팅 12 Dec. 200512 Dec. 2005 Giewook Richard Koo Oral PresentationOral Presentation Is “LETS” Adoptable to Korean Community as a Regeneration Initiative
- 2. 2<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 2<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> What is “LETS”?I.I.I.I. Local Exchange Trading System trading networks using a community-created local currency and a directory of services provided by network members (North 2000) originally introduced by Michael Linton in Canada in1983 - Trading Goods and Services What they have. on their decision Price is agreed between the buyer and seller. - Complementary System local currency - ‘bobbins’ in Manchester, ‘solents’ in Southampton no interest - One-to-one Collective Self-help community participation a third way
- 3. 3<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 3<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Key RulesII.II.II.II. Agreement Nothing happens without agreement. price of trade No interest credit or debit no earnings from stock -> boosting exchanges Self-owned systems Members are owners. responsible for cost Opened information members and exchanges internet, catalog
- 4. 4<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 4<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Key FunctionsIII.III.III.III. Mutual Benefits rebuilding communities creating social capital encouraging involvement Economic Opportunity Everyone has something meaningful to others enabling exchange of unpurchased labour in the market Dissolving Poverty get goods and services without money get more evaluated on their goods and services than mainstream market no interest Self esteem contribution to society more friends
- 5. 5<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 5<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> LETS NetworkIV.IV.IV.IV. [Picture from: http://www.letsbuzz.org.uk/]
- 6. 6<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 6<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Typical DiscoursesV.V.V.V. 1. A Poverty Solution? • give labour, get goods • many one-time jobs • pricing by traders (more valued labour) • no interest • no exploitation • non-skilled labour • unbalance between the skilled and non-skilled • slow in growth • lack of understanding • internet-based
- 7. 7<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 7<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Typical DiscoursesV.V.V.V. 2. A Way of Community Empowerment? • community-based regeneration (DETR 1998) • mutual self-help, connecting to social networks • building employability • favor friendly neighbours • green movement (North 2003) 3. A solution to the problems of the capitalist industrial system? • direct purchase from members • provide labour without intervention of capital (Karatani 2000)
- 8. 8<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 8<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> OpportunitiesVI.VI.VI.VI. ▷ Niche market ▷ Blocking from capital ▷ Evolution Time Bank, Ithaca HOUR, Time Dollars, ROCS ▷ IT development ▷ Small businesses ▷ Local Economy ▷ Community building [Picture from: http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/]
- 9. 9<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 9<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> ChallengesVII.VII.VII.VII. ▷ Benefit worries ▷ Insecurity ▷ Record Avoidance ▷ green, middle class club ▷ The attitude of professionals ▷ Confidence and energy ▷ Persuade to join None of the LETS surveyed in 1996 are still in operation by 2003. [North 2003]
- 10. 10<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 10<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Korean ExperienceVIII.VIII.VIII.VIII. ▷ Hanbat LETS • Established in 1999 • Accounts (2004): 548 (24 businesses) • Transactions (2004): 4,919, ￡ 51,000 (56% LETS money) • Steering: 11 board members and 1 co-ordinator • Web-based system • Favor - Movie tour: 18 times, 296 audiences [Picture from: http://www.tjlets.or.kr/]
- 11. 11<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 11<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Is LETS Adoptable to Korea?IX.IX.IX.IX. ▷ Self-help Tradition: Pumasi, New Village Movement ▷ Fund for exchange system ▷ Let people know the existence of LETS ▷ Encourage 1 LETS by 1 locality ▷ Mixed approach: environmental, social, economical [Picture from: http://www.tjlets.or.kr/]
- 12. 12<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 12<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Any CommentsX.X.X.X. Thank you.
- 13. 13<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 13<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Further Reading※※※※ North, P. (2000). Is There Space for Organization from Below within the UK Government's Action Zones? A Test of 'Collaborative Planning.‘, Urban Studies, 37, (8), p1261-1278. North, P. (2003). Time banks - learning the lessons from LETS? Local Economy, 18, (3), p267-270. Pearce, j. and Wadhams C. (1998). Uncommon Currencies: LETS and their impact on property repair and maintenance for low income homeowners. Bristol: The Policy Press. Ryu, D. and Choi H. (2003). A Study on the Activation of Local Currency: The Case of Hanbat LETS, [on line]. Hanbat LETS. Available from: http://www.tjlets.or.kr/technote/read.cgi?board=study&y_number=25&n new=2. [Accesed 08 Dec. 2005] Williams, C. C., Aldridge, T., Lee R., Leyshon, A., Thrift, N. and Tooke J. . (2001). Bridge into Work? An Evaluation of Local Exchanges and Trading Schemes, Policy Studies, 22, (2), p119-132.
- 14. 14<< 맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육맞춤형 현지방문 혁신교육 >> 14<Giewook Richard Koo<Giewook Richard Koo 구기욱구기욱 >> Further Reading※※※※ Williams, C. C., Aldridge, T., Lee R., Leyshon, A., Thrift, N. and Tooke J. . (2001). Local Exchange and Trading Schemes (LETS): a tool for community renewal?, Community, Work & Family, 4, (3), p355-361 Williams, C. C. (2004). Community Capacity Building: A Critical Evaluation of the Third Sector Approach. Review of Policy Research, 21, (5), p729-739. Websites http://www.letsbuzz.org.uk/ http://www.letslinkuk.org http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/ http://www.tjlets.or.kr/ http://www.transaction.net/money/
Editor's Notes
- William similar Review the money Two principal types of LETS exist: LETS schemes, which are community building in orientation, LETsystems, which are more economically oriented. LETS are aligned with the former In the UK. 303 LETS surveyed in UK in 1999, 2515 members I found 440 LETS in UK in a recent article 영국에서는 1985년 놀위치(Norwich)지방에 처음 도입되었는데 현재 전국적으로 440개 지역품앗이 시스템에 4만명 이상의 회원이 있는 것으로 추정된다 1990년대 들어 급속히 보급되고 있는데 호주, 뉴질랜드, 영국, 미국 등 영어권 국가를 중심으로 전세계적으로 확산되어 현재 1,500개 이상의 레츠에 10만명 이상의 회원이 있다.
- LETS are based on agreement. Members have their offers and wants No separated owners, which means no exploitation Elected representatives 한번도 거래에 참가하지 않은 회원보다는 적자상태의 회원이 시스템에 기여하는 바가 오히려 클 수 있다. 코목스 밸리(Commox Valley)의 LETS가 450개 구좌에 월간 2,000-3,000 그린 달러1) 1) 1 그린 달러 = 1 미국 달러이다. 화폐에 대한 반성
- LETS can block the influence from outside of community such as global economy and national economy So they are able to prevent from being unemployed, 지역 외부의 요인으로 인한 실업에 대처하는 능력을 키우는 데 By trading used items, 자원의 재순환을 통해 환경적 가치를 제고하는 데 구성원들 사이에 증여의 연쇄를 구성하는 이른바 선물경제(gift economy)나 호혜시장의 구축으로 보는 관점 Promote gift economy by chain of donations Reciprocity, mutual benefits. LETS make people enable by participation and labour which was not accepted in the mainstream market. Social inclusion as a key target of Blair’s Third Way can be fulfilled.
- Arthur keeps free-range hens and would like to buy some tomato plants. Beattie is good at aromatherapy, but needs her computer fixing. Charles bakes cakes, but suffers from stress at work. Denise wants a birthday cake for her daughter&apos;s fifth birthday, and is good at dressmaking. Eddie grows tomatoes from seed and would like to give his wife a nice dress on her birthday, but is unemployed and doesn&apos;t have that much money. Fiona is good at mending computers, which she uses to help in her hobby of dress-designing, and likes to cook using fresh produce. All transactions are recorded by internet access or telephone call as well as visit. Account only, LETS money.
- namely participation in local community-based organizations, here referred to as “third sector” or “formal” community engagement, and participation in one-to-one acts of community self-help here termed “fourth sector” or “informal” community participation Suevey the 2002 GHS finds that 13% had been involved in local organizations with responsibilities and 8% without responsibilities, while in just the prior six months, three-quarters (74%) of respondents had done a favor for a neighbor and a similar proportion (72%) had received a favor from a neighbor. a solution to the problems of the capitalist industrial system Less demand in unskilled service. This has been criticized LETS are for skilled mid-class. How can apply the parity between skilled and non-skilled labour is a tricky thing to solve. 복잡․숙련노동과 단순․비숙련노동을 어떤 비중으로 평가해주는가 Active traders are below 500 in any LETS. Why is that? Not all the people can access the internet. The excluded are also excluded from the internet. Community building
- A quarter (25.2 per cent) of the membership joined for ideological purposes. acts of political protest and resistance to the ‘mainstream’ where ideals can be put into practice meeting people or helping others (22.9 per cent) or an ‘economic’ vehicle for overcoming their lack of money (12.2 per cent), exchanging goods and services (20.1 per cent), using skills (1.1 per cent) and receiving a specific service (8.8 per cent). ‘Social’/community-building reasons tend to be cited by the employed and relatively affluent, and economic reasons by the relatively poor and unemployed. (William 2001) A principal reason that UK government departments are currently supportive of LETS is because they are seen as a potential means of inserting people into employment (e.g. DfEE, 1999; SEU, 2000) 노동자계급은 자본가가 생산된 상품을 판매하는 지점 및 생산요소로서의 노동력을 구매하는 지점에서 대항의 수단을 가질 수 있다. I don’t have much knowledge on Marxism. Reading Marx has been strictly prohibited. And it’s also a grand theory. LETS는 자본의 매개를 거치지 않고 노동력을 제공하고 재화 및 서비스를 획득할 수 있는 공간으로서 기능하게 된다. LETS 내에서는 착취가 발생하지 않는다는 견해가 있다. There is no capital in the LETS system. So there is no exploitation naturally. 문제점 중의 하나는 숙련노동이 제공될 가능성이 작다는 점 전문직업인의 적극적인 참여 - 호혜의 원리보다는 일부 적극적인 회원의 일정한 희생에 기초 – 렛츠에 부정적일 수
- many one-time jobs encouraging reader book reviews at Amazon.com, creates co-evolution of knowledge between agent (Amazon.com) and readers. ROCS - a Robust Complementary Community Currency System ROCS are measured in HOURs Demurrage is applied to both positive and negative ROCS balances. similar to a negative interest rates, that helps keep resources circulating in trade and allows communities to raise resources in local currency they are most effective at providing a seedbed for self-employed business ventures and at providing reciprocal exchange networks so that people can engage in community self-help. (William) 지역 내에서 가능한 돈이 오랫동안 자주 순환하게 만들어주면 더욱 많은 부가 창출되는 셈이 된다. Favor makes community. In the same system, create occasion, doing favor.
- one notable example of an initiative that directly nurtures informal community activities is the Higher Education Active Community Fund (that enables university students to engage in acts of one-to- one aid in their local community). LETS currently cover only a minor area of the UK. Second, most people have never heard of them. Third, many potential beneficiaries see LETS as something for people other than them. Fourth, they have little idea what they could contribute fifth the unemployed fear how central government will react to their activity. Fear of taxation, benefit loss. Despite the gap between feared and experienced sanctions, the uncertainty at least was a barrier to the vulnerable joining LETS. As a philosophy and value system, this was interesting to converts (and academics), but did not relate to the lived experiences of inner city residents. (North 2003)
- * 의료건 : 민들레 의료생협, 다니엘 치과, 혜담 한의원, 늘푸른 내과 등 * 가맹점 거래 : 두레 약국, 채식사랑, 부드러운 직선, 스피드 카센타, 두루부엌 등의 거래 * 자원활동 거래 : 아이 돌보기, 농촌 일손돕기, 자원활동, 도우미 등의 거래를 포함 됨, * 서비스 : 컴퓨터 수리, 숙박비, 운전 , 차량 동승, 카이로프라틱 등의 거래를 포함 됨, * 후원금 : 조의금, 축의금 이 포함 됨, 회원 물품 : 제작건으로 분류하기 곤란한 거래들과, 10월 만찬시 먹거리 장터의 거래, - 농산물 거래에 대한 관심과 거래량이 많아졌다. - 새로운 분야의 거래가 시작되었다. ( 배달, 숙박비, 카이로프락틱 등) - 온라인을 통한 평소의 거래량은 증가되지 않았다. - 가맹점 거래 보고시 회원 가족이름으로 보고되어 확인하는데 어려움이 많다. 30%이상 두루사용 의무 15명에서 19명에 이르는 상위그룹 회원이 전체 거래의 과반수를 차지한다. Top 20 members’ transactions reached more than 50% of whole transactions Demand of skilled labour is bigger than supply. By the study of Park
- Match people in need with people in affluence voluntarily. Unbalance make community. Time, skill, and goods limitation Property repair and maintenance Senior aids Small enterprises 기술적으로 유통기한을 정해 지역경제의 활성화에 두느냐 아니면 공동체적인 삶의 방식의 확산에 두느냐 it is recognized that less affluent populations possess a participatory culture more oriented toward informal community activities, is for public policy to consider how such informal community engagement might be nurtured rather than continue to seek to impose a foreign culture of engagement onto such populations. To overcome this thorny problem that monitoring and evaluating participation in informal engagement would be extremely difficult if the current raft of initiatives were extended to support participation in one-to-one aid, the proposal here is that public policy needs to seriously consider adopting an enabling approach whereby it funds or sets up systems of mutual exchange and then, once they are operating, lets participants monitor and evaluate each other. First, LETS need to be developed where they do not currently exist. Second, awareness of their existence needs to be raised. Third, they need to be developed and promoted in inclusive rather than exclusive ways. Fourth, people need to be helped to recognize their skills and talents and, last but not least, central governmental regulations need to be addressed.(William 2001) To tackle these barriers, LETS need to be developed where they do not exist, awareness of their existence needs to be raised, they need to be developed and promoted in inclusive rather than exclusive ways, people need to be helped to recognise their skills and talents and, last but not least, central governmental regulations need to be addressed.
- 기술적으로 유통기한을 정해 지역경제의 활성화에 두느냐 아니면 공동체적인 삶의 방식의 확산에 두느냐 it is recognized that less affluent populations possess a participatory culture more oriented toward informal community activities, is for public policy to consider how such informal community engagement might be nurtured rather than continue to seek to impose a foreign culture of engagement onto such populations. To overcome this thorny problem that monitoring and evaluating participation in informal engagement would be extremely difficult if the current raft of initiatives were extended to support participation in one-to-one aid, the proposal here is that public policy needs to seriously consider adopting an enabling approach whereby it funds or sets up systems of mutual exchange and then, once they are operating, lets participants monitor and evaluate each other. . rst, LETS need to be developed where they do not currently exist. Second, awareness of their existence needs to be raised. Third, they need to be developed and promoted in inclusive rather than exclusive ways. Fourth, people need to be helped to recognize their skills and talents and, last but not least, central governmental regulations need to be addressed.(William 2001)
- Time banks - learning the lessons from LETS? 기술적으로 유통기한을 정해 지역경제의 활성화에 두느냐 아니면 공동체적인 삶의 방식의 확산에 두느냐 it is recognized that less affluent populations possess a participatory culture more oriented toward informal community activities, is for public policy to consider how such informal community engagement might be nurtured rather than continue to seek to impose a foreign culture of engagement onto such populations. To overcome this thorny problem that monitoring and evaluating participation in informal engagement would be extremely difficult if the current raft of initiatives were extended to support participation in one-to-one aid, the proposal here is that public policy needs to seriously consider adopting an enabling approach whereby it funds or sets up systems of mutual exchange and then, once they are operating, lets participants monitor and evaluate each other. . rst, LETS need to be developed where they do not currently exist. Second, awareness of their existence needs to be raised. Third, they need to be developed and promoted in inclusive rather than exclusive ways. Fourth, people need to be helped to recognize their skills and talents and, last but not least, central governmental regulations need to be addressed.(William 2001)