12. Pin Yin Rule
• Final by itself. 鵝
• Initial + Final. 爸
• Glide + Final. 娃
• Initial + Glide + Final. 瓜
• Initials : b p m f d t n l g k h
j q x zh c h sh r z c s
• Glides : The three glides of
Mandarin are {w}, {y}, and {ü}.
• Finals : In the traditional analysis
there are 35 finals. If glides are
separated from finals, then there
are 21 finals. The simplest final
consists of a single vowel.
However, many finals have
complex vowels or diphthongs.
Finals can also end with one of the
nasal consonants {m}, {n}, and
{ng}.