2. Daftar isi
1. SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION........................................................................................................................ 1
25 October 2014 ii ProQuest
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SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION
Link dokumen ProQuest
Teks lengkap: Vaidyanathan, B., 8c Snell, P.
Motivations for and obstacles to religious financial giving
Volume 72,189-214. (2011).
Many religious traditions teach individuals to give financially to the church. However, actual giving within the
church varies across denominations and within individual churches. Studies have shown that Conservative and
Evangelical Protestants give the highest amounts, whereas Mainline Protestants and Catholics have been
shown to give at much lower levels. However, many individuals do not give at all. There are a number of
possible explanations for these variations including available financial resources, parental influence,
perceptions regarding others' need, guilt, and other obstacles. The authors define four possible groups of givers
by their reasons to give. These are socialized giving, need giving, normative giving, and guilt giving. They also
identify three obstacles to giving: wealth insecurity, giving illiteracy, and comfortable guilt. They sought to
investigate motivations and obstacles among individuals from different church contexts.
Phone surveys were conducted with all congregations located in three midsized cities. U.S. Census data was
connected to congregational survey data through postal codes. Then they conducted in-person interviews with
youth ministers from these congregations. Four congregations from these areas were selected, and then
different church activities were observed. Content analysis was used to examine website information or printed
materials from the churches. Finally, they interviewed individuals who attended the churches, as well as leaders
within each congregation. Two of the four churches were used for the purposes of this study: a conservative
Evangelical Protestant (EP) church and a Mainline Protestant (MP) church.
They found that many individuals from both churches, regardless of how much they gave, had learned to give
from their parents. Normative giving (i.e., giving because the church, Bible, or God teaches them that it is right
to give) was more common in the high givers in the EP church than high givers in the MP church. Some of the
high givers in the MP church mentioned need giving (i.e., giving because of the needs of others), whereas need
giving was not mentioned in the EP congregates. In terms of obstacles, most people who were considered low
givers reported that they were giving what they could. Some individuals thought that they were giving a high
percentage of their income when they in fact were not. There were more individuals from the EP church who felt
guilt than the MP church.
Understanding the variables the help to predict giving motivations and obstacles is important during the current
economic climate of the U.S. Normative givers in the EP church felt that that they would be letting God down if
they did not give. MP members instead reported more of a duty-based motivation and gave out of tradition.
Another unexpected finding was that individuals who felt badly that they did not have the financial resources to
give of their money wanted to give of their time. These findings help to provide information to pastors and
support the idea that giving should not be a "one size fits all" approach. Developing appropriate ways to teach
on giving in churches is needed.
Judul: SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION
Pengarang: Anonymous
Judul publikasi: Journal of Psychology and Theology
Volume: 42
Edisi: 2
25 October 2014 Page 1 of 2 ProQuest
