1. Optimization of Electrode
Parameters of Stacked
Structured Ultracapacitor
Presented By :
Hema Upreti
Akanksha Dixit
Shailendra
Amal Paul
Kumari Sintu
Dr. P. B. Karandikar

2. Contents:
Contents
• Introduction to Ultracapacitor
• Effective input parameters
• Construction of Ultracapacitor
• Basic structure of Ultracapacitor
• Parameter used
• Results
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
Importance of energy storage
•Energy consumption increasing rapidly day by day.
•Energy should be available at the time of requirement.
Need of ultracapacitors
•Replacement with batteries
•Time of Charging and discharing is higher in conventional batteries
•Chemical reaction occurs in Batteries
•Batteries- bulky in nature.

4. Effective Input Parameters:
Electrolyte
Electrode
1) Strengh of electrolyte (potassium sulphate) 2) Impurities in
electrolyte
1) Impurity in electrode material 2) Type of metal oxide 3)
Cavity effect 4) Loading of electrode material 5) Activated
carbon with different Specific surface area
Electrode
making process
1) Pressure on electrode 2) Crushing method 3) Mixing method
4) Adhesive used 5) Separator material used
Current
collector
1) Number of holes per unit area of wire mesh 2) Thickness of
wire mesh

5. Parameters Used:
System
Parameter
Parameter I
(coded value -1)
Parameter II
(coded value +1)
Activated
carbon type
(A)
Vulcan XC-72
YP- 50
Ultrasonic
crushing time
(B)
Loading of electrode
material on current
collector
(C)
15 minutes
7.5mg/cm2 of
electrode area
2 hours
32.5 mg/cm2 of
electrode area

6. Construction of ultracapacitors:
Material Used:
•Polyethylene Separator
•Stainless steel SS316 Wire Mesh with area 4 X 1= 4 cm2
•Activated Carbon
•Metal Oxide: Vanadium Pentaoxide (V2O5)
•Electrolyte used: Potassium sulphate (0.65 M)
•Isopropyl alcohol
•Adhesive used: epoxy resin

7. Why Stacked type?
• Conventional structure
• Low cost and low internal resistance
• Easy to prepare
• Can be connected in series and parallel combinations

8. Basic Structure of Stacked Type Ultracapacitors:
• V2O5 (metal oxide) and activated
carbon in 1:1 weight ratio
• Electrodes are sandwiched
between alternate layers of
separator pieces.
• Uniform loading on current
collector i.e. electrode
• Manual Crushing
• Ultrasonic mixing to get
homogenous mixture.

11. Work Bench For Measurement of Discharging Current
Voltage Applied: 2.2V

12. Parameters Used:
System
Parameter
Parameter I
(coded value -1)
Parameter II
(coded value +1)
Activated
carbon type
(A)
Vulcan XC-72
YP- 50
Ultrasonic
crushing time
(B)
Loading of electrode
material on current
collector
(C)
15 minutes
7.5mg/cm2 of
electrode area
2 hours
32.5 mg/cm2 of
electrode area

13. • Design of experiment method using statistical modelling
using MINITAB software.
• 23= 8 trials
where,
2= No. of levels
3= No. of Input Parameters
• Equation for capacitance:
Y = 0.38A-0.13B+0.5C+0.23AB-0.52AC+0.47BC-0.2865ABC

14. RESULTS

15. Main Effects Plot ( data means) for
Capacitance
A: Type of activated carbon
B: Time of ultrasonic mixing
C: Amount of loading

16. Interaction plot for Capacitance

25. CONCLUSIONS
• Vulcan XC-72 with higher electrode material loading gives
higher capacitance with lower effective specific resistance.
• Ultrasonic crushing time is not much effective for the
different electrode material loading and different type of
activated carbon.
• Maximum capacitance was obtained as 3.5 F when Vulcan
XC-72 is used with ultrasonic crushing time of 15 minutes
and loading of electrode material on collector current is high
i.e. 32.5 mg/cm2.

26. Thank you