The Cold War began between the communist nations led by the Soviet Union and the democratic nations led by the United States. Joseph Stalin wanted to spread communism around the world and keep Eastern Europe under Soviet control. In response, President Truman enacted the Truman Doctrine and wanted free elections in Eastern Europe, but Stalin refused to allow free elections. This led to Stalin blocking food supplies to West Berlin, resulting in shortages for West Berliners and necessitating the Berlin Airlift to deliver supplies by air.