PART 1Topic Selection ProjectOne of the publicly t.docx

PART 1
Topic Selection
Project
One of the publicly traded companies that have undergone
considerable amount of organizational change in the United
States is Apple‚ Inc. In period between the years 1993 and 1997
Apple‚ Inc. was in the verge of collapsing. This is because the
company was generally struggling to finds its consistent source
of profitable revenue. It generally tried and failed to markets its
products that include TV appliances‚ CD players‚ digital
cameras‚ etc.
The company‚ however‚ resolved for organizational change led
by the CEO Steve Jobs. Upon his return as the CEO of the
company‚ Jobs opted to focus its product base on the creation of
several different beautiful consumer electronic products that
were appealing to the preferences and tastes of the
customers(Myers et al.‚ 2012) It also acquired several
companies that dealt in digital production and video editing for
which constitutes its consumer base. Some of the positive
outcomes of this change include products such as iPod and
iPhone that led to a tremendous increase in the company’s sales.
The second publicly traded company that has undergone some
considerable amount of change is Wal-Mart. In 2010‚ Wal-Mart
commenced organizational change that was meant for aligning
the business with the three priorities of the company‚ which
include returns‚ leverage‚ and growth. The main objective
behind the organizational change was to ensure that more value
is generally delivered to the company’s shareholders and
consumers(Worley et al.‚ 2013)The changes were generally

designed to see to it that every part of the company’s business
would make the company more global‚ leveraging the
company’s scale‚ and helping in ensuring that the company
went loser to its customers. This project is therefore going to
compare the organizational changes that havetaken place in
Apple‚ Inc. and Wal-Mart Inc.
Reference
Myers, P., Hulks, S., & Wiggins, L. (2012). Organizational
change: Perspectives on theory and practice. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Worley, C. G., Porras, J., & Lawler, E. E. (2013). Built to
change: How to achieve sustained organizational
effectiveness. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass.
Running head:Part 3
Part 3 3
Part 3
Course
Lecturer
Institution
City, State
Date of submission

Apple Company has made several changes to help the success of
the company since its start. This could best be achieved by
ensuring that there are several beautiful electronic products and
services to its stakeholders and customers. So any changes made
had to improve the quality of products and provide the best
electronic products and services
Apple Company had to make changes in its management
structure‚ leadership‚ technology among other areas. And due to
the dynamic needs of customers, Apple understands that change
should always be impressed. The first change they made was an
improvement of company’s products and services. Providing
better product and improved services will attract customers and
enhance the growth of the business. The management style also
was changed to ensure that the company goes global as it
increases in its growth.
The change that helped the growth of Apple is the decision also
to acquire several companies or organizations that dealt with
digital production as well as video editing for which constitutes
its consumer base. This led to the invention and development of
the new product that attracted a lot of customers. This is
because acquiring skills from all best sectors of technology will
give a chance for the development of the best product.
The leadership changes made Apple company more interactive
and collaborative. Interacting with others and coming together
gives a chance for development of brilliant ideas so as to
improve products and services and ensure the success of the
business.
Technological change was also important in the company.
Improving technology and impressing the new technology
enables the production of best and efficient products that are
reliable. This in turn attracts more customers. A change to
improve operational efficiency was important in cutting down
on cost and ensuring profit maximization.
In conclusion, the Apple company has undergone a lot of
change since its discovery that has transformed it into a better

organization. Change is inevitable since the needs and
preference of the customers and the public keep on changing.
To ensure stability and future success, it is important for
organizations and companies to be dynamic and flexible to
accommodate future changes and interests to customers.
Running head:Part 2
Part 2 3
Part 2
Course
Lecturer
Institution
City, State
Date of submission
When communicating with the workers, it is important to pay
attention to the strategy so as to ensure that the communication
is in line with the mission and goals to be achieved. To ensure
that the changes to be addressed and goals aimed at are well
defined and expressed to the workers and other members.

When communicating, it is important to target the specific
audience that you want to send or pass the information to. If its
workers, the mode of communication should be able to
influence their spirit and eventually this will be transferred to
target market. The message should have a clear objective and
persuasive. It could persuade to impress the new changes. Also,
it is important to agree on the risks in the relevant
communication not reaching the intended audience. This also
should be considered and be factored out.
Communication can be used as a development tool for the
effective material in the implementation process. This means
the form of communication should be attractive and accessible
for maximum exposure to the audience. Communication should
build the valuable partnership to improve the relationship
between the internal and external stakeholders who assist in
carrying the message and offer training messages to both
internal and external messengers and members’ associated.
Improve the relationship between the internal and external
stakeholders who assist in carrying the message. It is important
to Monitor and evaluate communication activities, and outcomes
should regularly be evaluated and monitored so as to ensure
continuous improvement in the communication efficiency and
effectiveness.
Supporting communication at the leadership level is important
to ensure effective communication. Management should
understand and support communication as an integral part of
organizational success. The management also has to devote and
dedicate resources to successful communication. The process of
integrating communication throughout the organization is
important as it is an integral part of an organization. All the
staff members should be empowered with communication,
knowledge and be given a chance to communicate in
communication efforts
The interaction among employees is improved in that members
of different departments can communicate using text or visual
communication skills. It also aids in improving customer

service in the most organization. It is, therefore, important to
have an effective communication system.
Your Grid for Week 6 assignmentNutchanart PonimChange
Plan GridTopicFrequency or
timelineStakeholders/AudiencePurpose or
rationaleCommunicatorMessageAuthorDelivery
methodmeasureCommunicating ChangeRegularlyworkersto
adjust to changemanagementchangeHRemail and
meetingsobservationCommunicating Changeupdate them
whenever there is changecustomerinform of new
productsmanagement,workers and agentsimproved products and
servicesCEOadvertisements and agentsinterview and
questionaireCommunicating Changeupdate them whenever there
is changepublicinform them of change and new
productsmanagement,workers and agentschange and improved
servicesCEOadvertisement,agents and workersinterview and
questionaireCommunicating Changewhen there is a
changeagentsto adress the new change in their
operationmanagement and workersinform ofchange in
organizationHRemail, meetings,
conferencesinquiryCommunicating Changewhen there is chage
to be adressedManagement and leadershipto impress new
positive changeworkers,agents, customers and publicimpress
new positive changeHRone on one, meetings etcchange in
management strategyCommunicating Changeupdate them
whenever there is changeGovernmentso that they know of
change and keep standardsmanagement,agentschangeCEOemail,
seminers, meetings,agentsobservationCommunicating
Changeupdate them whenever there is changePatnersto know
and enable the intergrate the

changemanagement,agentschangeCEOemail, seminers,
meetings,agentsobservation
DefinitionsTopic What is the topic of the communication? (A
"re" statement)FrequencyHow often will this message go out?
Regularly? Will there be updated versions? Once?AudienceWho
will get this message? Why?PurposeWhat is the goal of the
communication - what should it achieve?CommunicatorWho is
going to actually have their name/voice on this
communication?MessageWhat is the foundation of the message?
Key points listed.AuthorWho is going to write the
communication? (Use the name of the officer/change agent, for
example, the CIO, CFO, CEO or the "CA" (change agent), HR
Director, etc.) You don't actually write a person's
nameDeliveryHow will the message be delivered and why that
method? (i.e. email/phone conference/in person,
etc.)MeasureHow will you measure or determine if the message
successfully conveyed the information?
Sheet3
Running haed: Communicating the change
Communicating the change 6
Communicating the change
Abstract
One of the companies that is publicly traded and has undergone
through the notable organizational change in the United States
is Apple‚ Inc. The company‚ has resolved to organizational

change to enable it achieve its goals. After developing the
change, it’s important to come up with communication
strategy.The change is communicated to the change agents, to
the organization, to the line workers, to the customers, and to
the public through various communication media. The aim of
this paper is, therefore, to analyze media, and communications
that explained the change that transformed the Apple
Company.Also, it offers an explanation on how the company
handled communicating the change to its stakeholders to enable
the growth together with the success of the company
Introduction
When communicating with the workers, it is important to pay
attention to the strategy so as to ensure that the communication
is in line with the mission and goals to be achieved. Ensure that
the changes to be addressed and goals aimed at are well defined
and expressed to the workers and other members.
The Rationale for Communication Plan
To increase the sales and the number of customers of an
organization,is important to have a good communication plan.
When communicating, it is important to target the specific
audience that you want to send or pass the information to. If its
workers, the mode of communication should be able to
influence their spirit and eventually this will be transferred to
target market.Following from (Jinjin, 2013), the message should
have a clear objective and persuasive. It could persuade to
impress the new changes. Also, it is important to agree on the
risks in the relevant communication not reaching the intended
audience. This also should be considered and be factored out.
Sample Communication piece
Communication can be used as a development tool for the
effective material in the implementation process. This means
the form of communication should be attractive and accessible
for maximum exposure to the audience. Communication should
build the valuable partnership to improve the relationship
between the internal and external stakeholders who assist in
carrying the message and offer training messages to both

internal and external messengers and members’ associated.
Improve the relationship between the internal and external
stakeholders who assist in carrying the message. It is important
to Monitor and evaluate communication activities, and outcomes
should regularly be evaluated and monitored so as to ensure
continuous improvement in the communication efficiency and
effectiveness.
Supporting communication at the leadership level is important
to ensure effective communicationas stated by (Myers et al
.2012). Management should understand and support
communication as an integral part of organizational success.
The management also has to devote and dedicate resources to
successful communication. Integrating the communication
throughout the organization I important as it is an integral part
of an organization. All the staff members should be empowered
with communication, knowledge and be given a chance to
communicate in communication efforts
There are various systems and media of communicating to
stakeholders:
• Email- This is a form of electric communication. It is sent
and received by a computer or phone.
• Video- conferencing- This is a system that allows meetings
with other people in the different location. It can also be used
during interviews
• Mobile telephone: These are phones that receive messages,
make and receive phone calls, send and receive email and send
and receive files
• Fax- This is a machine that can send a copy of a paper
document over the telephone network
• Meetings- This is done face to face system of
communication. It is an effective way of communicating with
stakeholders
The interaction among employees is improved in that members
of different departments can communicate using text or visual
communication skills. It also aids in improving customer
service in the most organization. It is, therefore, important to

have an effective communication system.
Analysis of Communication plans in the public eye
Apple Company has made several communication changes to
help the success of the company since its start. This could be
achieved by ensuring that there are several beautiful electronic
products and services to its stakeholders and customers and
efficient communication system. So any changes made had to
improve the quality of products and provide the best electronic
products and services
According to (Palmeret al.2008), Apple Company had to make
changes in its management structure‚ leadership‚ technology
among other areas. And due to the dynamic needs of customers,
Apple understands that change should always be impressed. The
first change they made was the improvement of company’s
products and services. Providing better product and improved
services will attract customers and enhance the growth of the
business. The management style also was changed to ensure that
the company goes global as it increases in its growth.
The change that helped the growth of Apple is the decision also
to acquire several companies that dealt with digital production
as well as video editing for which constitutes its consumer base.
This led to the invention and development of a new product that
attracted a lot of customers. This is because acquiring skills
from all best sectors of technology will give a chance for the
development of the best product.
The leadership changes made Apple Company more interactive
and collaborative. Interacting with others and coming together
gives a chance for development of brilliant ideas so as to
improve products and services and ensure the success of the
business as (Palmeret al. 2008) notes.
Technological change was also important in the company.
Improving technology and impressing the new technology
enables the production of best and efficient products that are
reliable. This in turn attracts more customers. A change to
improve operational efficiency was important in cutting down
on cost and ensuring profit maximization.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the Apple company has undergone a lot of
change since its discovery that has transformed it into a better
organization. Change is inevitable for the needs and preference
of the customers and the public keep on changing. To ensure
stability and future success, it is important for organizations
and companies are dynamic and flexible to accommodate future
changes and interests to customers.
Reference
Jinjin, T. (2013).A Strategic Analysis of Apple Computer Inc. &
Recommendations for the Future Direction.Management Science
and Engineering Vol.7,No.2, 2013,Pp.94-103.Retrieved from:
http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/mse/article/viewFile/j.mse.1
913035X20130702.Z001/4304
University Press.
Palmer, I., Akin, G., &Dunford, R. (2008). Managing
organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach. New
York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Running head: Diagnosing of Apple and Wal-Martt
Diagnosing of Apple and Wal-Mart 12
SWOT Diagnosing of Apple and Wal-Mart

Introduction
The onus of this paper is to examine the influence of the
external environment and determine the big strides that
managers of both the Apple and Wal-Mart corporations have
taken to ensure competitive advantages. To make the anticipated
organizational changes and stay one step ahead, (Daft&
Sandburg,2000) wrote that the respective managers ought to
make important decisions and respond well to the great benefits
of the companies. Despite the fact the two multinational
companies operate in different industries or markets, they have
increased their momentum, especially their positive approach to
the international market. Their global operations have
succeeded, although there are many businesses and financial
risks involve political factors, as well as global cultural
diversities.
For the continued value addition, Apple and Wal-Mart make use
of the six broad segments or model that includes: social or
cultural, demographic, technological, global, political or legal,
and macroeconomic factors. Therefore, this document is tasked
with the responsibility of diagnosis of the fundamental and
general external environment embodied in the six broad
segments under the glare of their potential strengths,
opportunities, threats, and weaknesses.
Strategies and application
As per the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats,
these companies’ images are branded or supported by the
contingency theory and six wider segment model that determine

the current market position. The changes achieved are as a
result of the implementation of the appropriate set steps that
relies on the processes and theories of organizational change.
Leadership and organizational strategies: These differences can
be bridged by focusing on individuals, groups and
organizational level performance improvement meant to attain a
synergistic outcome by harnessing the full potential
functionality of these organizational systems
From the side of management,(Jinjin, 2013) argue that these
changes would enable Apple and Wal-Mart to evolve at a pace
that would necessitate these companies to continue performing
and even exceed the requirements of customers. These changes
are done by the organizations' structures, vision, and goals.
Technological and cost effective strategies: The due process of
change involves changing the management in a way that will
control as well as make the expected outcomes attainable.
Notable organizational change is fueled by the technology and
innovations. These aspects or conditions of change make the
companies long for change. Such practices as the right set of
company values‚ costs of operations, and skills that are
paramount to the realization of the expected organizational
outcome.
People and resistance to change
Both Apple and Wal-Mart encounter strongly opposing forces
from individuals or groups in the organization. They may lose
their innovative and self-reliance skills and get used to
implement set objectives from the managers. These human
forces were detrimental to the development of the organization.
The outcomes from the set goals may not agree with the
dynamic change in the market such that they become obsolete as
soon as they are achieved. (Mata,2012) state that the groups and
individuals now equipped with relevant managerial values and
skills might decide to break away from the organization and
take on individual ventures.Hence, conflicts of interest may
advance, threatening the implementation of the anticipated
organizational changes while welcoming great losses to the

organization.
SWOT Analysis of Wal-Mart and Apple Corporation
Both Apple and Wal-Mart, employ multiple strategies, ensuring
that they acquire competitive advantages while carrying out
their global operations and business activities. One of the
primary reasons why they have globalized their operations is
because of low-costs of contracting their supplies, labor
compensations, and diversification of business risks so that they
can be successful as the economic and global segments of the
six wider model stipulates as (Jinjin, 2013) notes. To ensure
economic, environmental, and social sustainability, Wal-Mart as
well as Apple companies, should capitalize on their current
strengths. Furthermore, mitigate or minimize potential
weaknesses, and at the same time capture market opportunities
while limiting the relevant threats that they may face.
Strengths
In the past couple of years, Apple Company has
experienced tremendous changes in terms of offering market-
centered and superior products into the international
community. Being a pioneer concerning the personal computer
industry, Apple has successfully positioned itself and become
one of the remnants in the hardware producers in both the
manufacturing together with the operating system markets.
Apple as a global firm is self-sufficient and well-endowed in
the creation of its internal components about its computers.
(Jinjin, 2013) opine that it has come up with better standards
meant to increase the high-quality products it always produces
that meet wider customer satisfactions. Apple is strongly
dedicated towards the international market research and
development so as to promote the design and development of
new products for more customer efficiency as well as feasibility
in use. Apple is always committed towards excellence,
especially in the simplicity and compatibility of its cheap and
high-quality products.
Apple Company has ascended to the level where it offers a
distinct and unique brand in the computer industry, thus more

net income. Utilizing the technology segment, Apple has
increasingly invented new computer devices with special
features to the expectations of the global clients. This
technology has also ensured that the company operates at
minimal costs while increasing output to cater for high demand
in the international market.
This ability can be witnessed from its high stock price in
the individual computer industry, where it is financed by equity
means. The fact that Apple Company has little debt makes the
investors put more money into the firm since there is fewer risk
hazards associated with their stocks. Apple’s customer service
desk is influential or monumental that receives highly customer
respect and the firm has plans to maintain that status through its
creativity and organizational stability.
Wal-Mart, on the other hand, has much strength due to its
incredible success. The company is the main employer of
workers in the United States, and it was regarded as the few
firms that offer decent job opportunities. The company occupies
the number two or in the second position in terms of net sales in
the international market due to aggressive growth strategy.
Wal-Mart boasts of having the best logistics system that acts as
the competitive advantage and can comfortably ship
merchandise from anywhere including its numerous distribution
centers. Following from (Mata, 2012), Apple has an online
distribution center that is used by customers to put orders and
share sales data with the potential suppliers via computer
programs. This innovation provides convenience for global
clients and ensures effective logistics system for online orders.
Wal-Mart has received critics concerning its low wages, but this
only serves to consider lower income people. (Palmer et al.
2008)indicate that the company saves each family
approximately $1,000 per year in low prices while using its
aggressive pricing strategy that stimulates more sales.
Wal-Mart pays strong attention towards the environmental
issues through increasing the renewable energy use, thus reduce
waste as well as campaign for the environmentally sensitive

product. There is a growing anticipation that Wal-Mart will
produce organically made baby clothes out of the grown cotton
together with the improvement of the fleet efficiency truck.
Weaknesses
In the current dynamic business environment, advanced
technology is applied to increase returns and efficiency. As a
result of this aspect, (Jinjin, 2013) said that Apple company is
faced with a major problem of ensuring consistency as well as
quality products in the global market. For instance, the iPod had
several glitches in addition to technological flaws that included
the screen faults and short battery when it was released into the
market. Even though Apple does not have debts, its lack of
debts poses a potential weakness about the infrastructure since
it creates the serious risk concerning stock acquisition.
The low price strategy of Wal-Mart that enables it to capture
most of the sales of consumers has made it difficult for other
small retailers to sustain them and survive. Therefore, ethical
shoppers are disappointed with the exploitation of small
retailers terming the Apple’s low price strategy as monopoly
power.
Wal-Mart has increased the number of buildings globally, which
is a strong concern by the environmentalists labeling it as a
hazardous move to the environment. (Myers et al. 2012)
provide that the structures also are associated with the traffic
pollution together with congestion that can easily damage small
communities. Also, Wal-Mart has received many accusations
regarding discrimination against its female employees in
addition to the constant violations of the fundamental child
labor laws, hence decreasing the general morale of the
workforce.
Although Wal-Mart firm has grown and globalized its
operations, they do not have the required market presence in the
European market. The only market they command is the UK
and leaves the other market segment to be occupied by their
competitors. Another aspect of Wal-Mart is the price deflation,
which creates a dilemma for the whole company and its discount

stores located globally. Instead of raising its sales using low-
priced items, the company finds itself lowering the profits.
Opportunities
The Apple’s employees are sufficient and well-versed with
the expertise relating to the target audience. These workers are
creative and use their innovative thinking to originate various
designs and product features. Therefore, it Apple has
formulated a product line, which is functional and attractive. In
essence, the company has enlarged beyond the product confines
to include and focused on the customer’s lives. The Apple’s
applications allow users to link to multiple programs using only
one package.
The potential opportunity for Apple corporation is its MP3
player development that is energized by the iPod shuffle
campaign as (Jinjin, 2013) claim. Apple has proven this quality
fact through the 4-gigabyte memory packing. Another
successful area that the firm is pursuing or targeting is the
utilization of the Intel chips that will permit new machines to be
able to run the Windows Operation System as well as develop
music player and iTunes. The new and innovative software
markets seem bright and promising.
Since Wal-Mart Company is the biggest retailer in the
United States, its strategic position is a good opportunity
towards becoming the largest global retailer. One area that
needs to be increased is the products of music. Also, Wal-Mart
Company has a potential opportunity to diversify its store types
and target a particular market.
(Raju et al. 2014) debate that Wal-Mart firm has an
opportunity and the ability to reduce the inflation price because
of the low prices.Conversely, due to their products’ low prices,
the wages paid to the employees, especially in third world
countries.
Wal-Mart’s continued international expansion presents an
enormous strategic opportunity. The growing economies in Asia
and other young economies are the potential target marketplaces
for Wal-MartCompany other than the readily available domestic

market (United States).Wal-Mart should establish licensing
agreements and alliances as they are the drivers into these
developing markets.
Threats
The major computer technology advancements and
transformation create stiff competitive within the industry.
According to (Jinjin, 2013), Apple company is not operating
alone in the global market. Thus, there are other competitive
firms entering the computer market, where Apple has
completely saturated. Companies like Dell and Hewlett-Packard
manufacture low-budget computers that reflect the desires of
the economically cautious consumers.
Apple contains a larger stock price as compared to both Dell
and HP; this makes the market share as well as the total
revenues of Apple Corporation relatively lower. As (Worley et
al. 2013) highlight, the international exchange rates appear to
pose a great challenge for Apple since most of its transactions
are carried using foreign exchange rates, thus affecting the
revenues and profits.
Wal-Mart on the other side uses cost-cut strategy to influence
the market demands, which makes other competitors follow suit.
As a result of this, Wal-Mart finds itself in a devastating
situation where its revenues and profits reduce.
The main threat that faces Wal-Mart is uncertainties of the
global markets that it keeps on expanding into characterized by
both business and financial risks. It will be a challenge to gain
the market power of hard-line commodities or products like
home improvements. These market segments present stiff
competition for Wal-Mart, which does not bear cost advantage.
Conclusion
Both Apple and Wal-Mart are global market players, and
they have positioned themselves to gain competitive advantages
alongside the risk aspects contained the foreign countries. To
improve their respective images and gain bargaining power in
the international markets, they have laid down strategic plans or
strategies meant to address potential weaknesses and threats.

However, technological, economic, political and environmental
sustainability is the most important aspects of any organization
that globalizes its operations.
References
Daft, R. L., & Sandburg, E. (2000). Management. Fort Worth,
Tex. [u.a.: Dryden Press.
Jinjin, T. (2013). A Strategic Analysis of Apple Computer Inc.
& Recommendations for the Future Direction.Management
Science and Engineering Vol.7,No.2, 2013,Pp.94-103.Retrieved
from:
http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/mse/article/viewFile/j.mse.1
913035X20130702.Z001/4304
Mata, S.R.F. (2012). Leadership in the Mobile Smartphone
Market.TurunYliopito University of Turku. Retrieved from:
http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77535/501927.pdf?s
equence=2
University Press.
Palmer, I., Akin, G., & Dunford, R. (2008). Managing
Raju, S.R., Sistani, J.A. & Hassan, M.S. (2014). Top Online
Shopping E-companies and their Strengths and Weakness
(SWOT).Department of Arts and Commerce. Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam, India. Retrieved from:
http://www.isca.in/rjrs/archive/v3/i9/17.ISCA-RJRS-2014-
1214.pdf
Appendix1: SWOT Analysis of Apple

Source:http://image.slidesharecdn.com/newpptapplevsdell-
141201130813-conversion-gate02/95/apple-vs-dell-24-
638.jpg?cb=1418293005
Appendix 2: SWOT Analysis of Wal-Mart
Source:http://www.quality-assurance-
solutions.com/images/swot6.png
Sheet1Change ImageBasis of ImageApplication to Company
#1Application to Company #2Pressures for ChangeDiffers from
others how?Unintended consequences from
ImageDirectorChange manager designs the change process and
directs the people to comply with it so that the intended change
is achieved.The Apple executive management changes would
encourage more collaboration between the hardware‚ service‚
and software teams.The Wal-Mart management changes would
enable it evolve in a pace that would enable the company to
continue outpacing and even exceed the company’s
customers.The process of change involves changing the
management in a way that will control as well as make the
expected outcomes to be achievable.NavigatorDesigning change
process in a way that would aid best fit the conditions being
facedChange was done in Apple by making the product
invention process to be efficient and by making the company to

be more corporateChange was done in Wal-Mart by aligning the
company’s structure with its three priorities that are returns‚
leverage‚ and growth.The conditions of change that made the
company to want to make the change.CaretakerCoachA change
manager helps the organizational members in enhancing
personal development on the capabilities that are required to
ensuring that the change process is successful.Apple added
mores roles to its executive management members.Wal-Mart
focused on growing the company’s store management teams.The
right set of values‚ drills‚ and skills that are paramount to the
achievement of the desired organizational
outcome.InterpreterNurturer
Sheet2
Sheet3
Running head: PROJECT 2
PROJECT 2
2
The changes that were first seen at Apple were in 1997 when
Steve Jobs returned to the company. He generally changes the
course of the company by simplifying things through his
collaboration with Jonathan Ives. They generally grafted a very
special design aesthetic for Apple(Daft& Sandburg, 2000).In a
period of 4 years after coming back to the company‚ he was able
to distill the company’s product matrix into pro desktop‚ pro
notebook‚ consumer notebook‚ and consumer desk top. He also
eliminated competitions in the company’s management that
existed in product development process. This played a very
important part in enabling the company to change its course in a
quick manner in response to technological changes‚ changes in

users‚ changes in markets‚ and the general changes that were
going on around the world at that time. He generally changed
the company’s hardware strategy. It was through his leadership
that the company was able to bring products such as iPod‚
iPhone‚ and the iPad. However‚ under the leadership of Tim
Cook the company has also undergone some remarkable
changes.
Apple‚ Inc. has undergone considerable amount of change since
the time when Tim Cook took over as the CEO from the former
CEO Steve Jobs. It is important to note that Cook has tried as
much as possible to maintain the unique corporate culture of
Apple while taking the company through a term of
organizational change.In general terms‚ under the leadership of
Cook‚ Apple has become more corporate compared to the time
when it was under the leadership of Steve jobs. It is also
important to point out that since the time that Cook took over
the leadership of the company the company has generally gone
up by a market value the is approximately $140 billion.
One of the areas where Cook has stressed in the company is the
enhancement of operational efficiency. The company’s has been
faced with a breakage of the warehouses‚ factories‚ and
suppliers when he joined the company in 1998. He generally
strengthened the company’s corporation with the contract
manufacturers aboard and mainly the ones in China. The other
important organizational changes that have been stressed on by
the company’s CEO are the ones that would aid in increasing
collaboration across software‚ hardware‚ and services. In the
year 2012‚ the company made executive management changes
that were aimed at increasing collaboration between its world-
class software‚ hardware‚ and service teams. Part of those
changes involved some members of the executive management‚
such asCraig Fderrighi‚ Eddy Cue‚ Bob Mansfield‚ and Jony Ive
adding more responsibilities to their various roles in the
company.It is important to point out that most of these changes
that were brought into the company’s executive management
and their teams were aimed at strengthening the services and

products of the company to meet and even exceed the high
needs of the company’s customers(Myers et al.‚ 2012).
For the case of Wal-Mart‚ the most remarkable changes were
the ones that were announced in 2010. These changes were to be
done across the company’s business in order to align the
company’s structure with its three priorities that are returns‚
leverage‚ and growth.These changes were aimed at ensuring that
more value is generally delivered to the company’s shareholders
and customers(Worley et al.‚ 2013). The changes that were
made in the company’s business were designed mainly to ensure
that every part of the company’s business becomes increasingly
global‚ leverages the company’s scale‚ and could enable the
company to move closer to the customers. The changes were
also aimed at ensuring that the company’s associates succeed
and advance at the company and in their lives.
Generally‚ Wal-Mart has faced positive and innovative change
in its store management structure‚ scheduling system‚ and some
improvements in the company’s inventory management.The
company’s merchandise clarity and store remodels have
generally allowed its customers to thrive better in an economy
that is difficult to live by. It is important to note that the
company is well aware of the fact that the customers need are
generally changing in a rapid manner around the globe and have
high expectations of the company. The company therefore
needed to make changes in order to cope with the changes being
experienced in the global market. The main change that was
done was to change the company’s management team through
restructuring and terminating the services of some of the
employees.
Comparing the changes that were carried out in the two
companies‚ it can be seen that they both have similarities and
differences. One of the similarities is that the changes are done
in order to meet and even exceed the expectations of the
customers of the company’s products. The second similarity is
that some changes in the management were carried out for the
two companies. One difference that s apparent is that for the

Case of Apple‚ Cook has been working to bring about change
that will make the company more corporate‚ while for Wal-Mart
most of the changes carried out have been intended to leverage
the sale of the company and to ensure that the company goes
global.
Below is a comparison of the three selected images that include
director change image‚ navigator change image‚ and coach
change image.For the director change image‚ the managers
involved in the change process designs the change process and
also directs the people involved in the change process to comply
with the change in order for that change to be achieved. For the
navigator change image‚ control is generally the heart of the
action by the management in bringing the required change. The
change manager generally designs the process in a way that best
fits the conditions that the company is facing. The coach change
image‚ on the other hand‚ involves change managers ensuring
that the people involved in bringing the intended changes are
equipped with the capabilities that are required to accomplish
the intended outcomes. For the case of Apple‚ the achievement
of an increased market value by $140 billion is a good indicator
that the change was successful. Similarly‚ the ability of Wal-
Mart to enter new markets globally is a proof of the success of
its change process. The director change image is the one that
most contributed to the success of the change process in both
companies. This is because both the two companies re-
organized their management teams to align them with the
intended organizational outcomes(Palmer et al.‚ 2008).
References
Daft, R. L., & Sandburg, E. (2000). Management. Fort Worth,
Tex. [u.a.: Dryden Press.
University Press.
Palmer, I., Akin, G., & Dunford, R. (2008). Managing

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