a research proposal

1. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Female Genital
Mutilation among women at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:
ALI JAMA FARAH
REGISTRATION NO: W64/37768/2020
SUPERVISORS:
1. HELLEN M. MWAURA
2. DR. IBRAHIM GULED

2. Background of the study
Female genital mutilation ( FGM) refers to partial or total removal of the exterior female genital for non medical reason.
Also known as female genital cutting/womanish genital cut/female circumcision
It is practiced globally,
Cultural reasons:
i. Religious requirement by some tribes
ii. Rite of passage ushering young girls into adulthood
Sequale of FGM
i. Excruciating discomfort,
ii. hemorrhage,
iii. sepsis,
iv. urine retention,
v. open pustules in the vaginal area,
long-term impacts: Persistence of pain, infections, gravidity, delivery complications, maternal and newborn mortality,
Advantages : no positive effects on one's health.

3. Problem statement
• FGM is a global challenge, most prevalent in SSA , Middle East and Asia.
• Affects 200 million girls and women alive today
• FGM is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15, without their informed
consent
• Considered violation of the human rights.
• Global burden associated with complications of FGM is estimated at US$ 1.4 billion annually
• 98% of Somali women 15 – 49 years FGM (WHEN?).
• Infibulation is the most severe type of FGM (Type 3); practiced on 75% Somalia population
• Numerous community awareness programs have not succeeded in eradicating FGM
• Few research studies have examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of FGM on
mothers at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.

4. Justification of the study
Analysing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of FGM in Somalia is an important step to guide the
choice of interventions, resource allocation and policy formulation on FGM in Somalia.
This study will also guide the community based advocacy systems on topics that require public
training
Banadir Hospital is a major referral healthcare facility in Somalia, and the study will provide
important insights into the prevalence and impact of FGM on women's health in the whole country.
the study will help to advance global efforts to end FGM by shedding light on its prevalence and
drivers in a context where it is deeply embedded in cultural and social norms.
Somalia's recent political and social changes present an opportunity to address human rights violations
and empower women, including the elimination of FGM.

5. Study Objectives
General Objective
To establish the Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding FGM among mothers at
Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia
Specific Objectives
1. To explore knowledge of FGM among mothers at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu,
Somalia
2. To assess the attitude of FGM among mothers Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia
3. To identify the practice of FGM among mothers at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu,
Somalia

6. Research Questions
1. What is the knowledge of FGM among mothers at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia?
2. What is the attitude of FGM among mothers Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia?
3. What is the practice of FGM among mothers at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia?

7. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
A descriptive survey method will be used.
Data will be collected using questionnaires
According to Cooper and Schindler, the purpose of a descriptive study is to present an accurate
profile of a person's events or circumstances.

8. Target population
The study will target women of the reproductive age (18 –
49 years) attending Benadir hospital.
Benadir is a national referral hospital and receives patients
from the whole country

9. Sampling Techniques and Sample size
Sampling Techniques
Patients will be screened for eligibility, eligible women will be taken through informed
consenting process and sign a consent form
Data will be collected form eligible consenting women

10. Sample Size
Sample Size will be determined using Fischer's equation:
N = Z2* PQ/D2 Where:
N = is the minimal desired sample size.
Z is the standard normal deviation, which is typically set at 1.96 and has a 95% confidence level. P =
Population proportion of FGM/C in the research population, considered to be 0.98. Q = 1.0 – P
D = accuracy within the 4% bounds of the estimate P
N = (1.96)2(0.9) (1.0-0.9)/0.042 = 216
the sample size will be subsequently increased by 10%; as a result, 238 individuals will roughly
represent the population to be recruited for the study

11. Research Instruments
Primary data collection using questionnaires
Secondary data sources are relevant documents and policy.
Secondary data will be collected by reviewing available literature and publications.
Trained enumerators will assist in data collection
Validity/Reliability
The content validity of the instrument will be examined by supervisor and subject-matter experts in
order to ensure that the data in the questionnaire are appropriate and relevant to the research.

12. Data Collection Procedure
Trained field assistants together with the researcher will administer the questions.
The questionnaires will be checked daily for errors by the field supervisors before submission for
cleaning and entry.
Qualitative data will be used to fill up the gaps and to verify some of the findings from the quantitative
data.
Data Analysis
Imputation techniques will be used to fill the missingness.
Data analysis using the SPSS.
Geospatial visualization to show prevalence of FGM in the counties.
Quantification and visualization of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of FGM.

13. Expected Results and Outcomes
descriptive statistics will be used.
Map of geospatial visualization (GeoDA app)
Visualization of attitudes, Knowledge and practices
Compare FGM and Prevalence of maternal complications

14. Ethical Considerations
Voluntary participation.
Informed consent, (explain the importance of the research to the respondents and how they will
benefit).
Anonymity, confidentiality, and privacy – use of CASE IDs instead of names.
Authorization from UON Ethics Committee and NACOSTI

15. Timeframe
ACTIVITY
2023
April May june July May sept
The proposal and its
development & Ethical
Approval
Data collection and Data
analysis
Report writing
Result dissemination &
publication

16. Budget
ITEMs KS.
Ethical approval 2000
Stationery 7000
Laboratory supplies 80,000
Traveling 50,000
Miscellaneous 7000
Total 146,000