1. The internet has transformed healthcare by enabling consumers to access health information online and participate more actively in their care. Websites provide health resources, online support groups, and some allow direct communication with providers. 2. When designing healthcare websites, accessibility and usability for those with disabilities is important. Sites should have straightforward, clearly written content and ensure functionality for users of assistive technologies like screen readers. 3. As more medical records move online through patient portals and provider interoperability, concerns around privacy, security of information, and building patient trust must be addressed.

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The internet :The New Healthcare
paradigm

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Learning objectives
1. Describe consumer health informatics
2. Identify uses of e-mail in healthcare
3. Discuss the uses of the internet as
support for client
4. List principles to be considered in a web
site
5. Discuss principle that make a web site
accessible to those with disabilities

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INTRODUCTION
• The percentage of U.S homes that hase a
computer has gone from 8.2% in 1984 to
51 % in 2000
• The percentage of homes with access to
the internet grew from 18.8%in 1997 to
41%in the year 2000
• Of homes with children 65% have
computer
• And 30% of the children use internet
• 12-17 years group with the heaviest
internet use

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INTRODUCTION
• The higher education level .the higher use
both computer and the internet
• Traditional healthcare relationships
generally took place either face to face or
by telephone
• Today this relationship more collaborative

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Consumer health informatics
• Many things have been tried to reduce
healthcare costs
1. Managed care
2. Different types of insurance plans
3. Reducing provider costs
4. Decreasing staffing

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Consumer health informatics
Consumer health informatics : is anew term that
has been coined to describe patient centered
informatics
It is an applied science using concepts from
health communication , education, social
network theories and behavioral sciences
Consumers participation in their healthcare
using electronic technology including viewing
and entering information into their E.M.R

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Consumer health informatics
One of its goals is to effect behavioral
changes in clients as a result of
information supplied to them using
electronic means
Another aspect is the growing move to
help consumers select healthcare the
same way that they buy other good

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Empowered client
• A 1997 telephone survey found that 97%of
adult who retrieve health information from
the internet believed that the internet
empowered them to make better choices
• Empowerment in this context means an
awareness of ones inherent abilities to be
in control of ones healthcare
• As patients become empowered they
expect more personal attention

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Empowered client
• Additionally they expect to be full partners
in their healthcare not passive recipients
• These change in patient expectations are
creating further changes in the roles of
healthcare providers
• Client are coming to visits armed with
information from the web

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Online client healthcare record
• Until just recently a persons healthcare record
was regarded as the property of the agency
providing the care
• Today however patients are legally entitled to
see their own medical records
• The internet can provide away to alleviate this
situation
• The first attempts at online health records
involved the consumers providing his or her own
information

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Online client healthcare record
• Newer approaches are attempting to
provide a collaboration between
practitioners and consumers in creating
and maintaining their health record
• The practice of collaboration in a
healthcare record with both provider and
consumer keeping copies
• The consumer takes the form of a secure
internet record or a smart card

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Online client healthcare record
• Advantage gained with a collaboration
healthcare record :
Health information easily available will
make it easier for patient who visit multiple
providers to supply each one with an up-
to-date record
This information will often be more than a
referring provider currently sends

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To make online healthcare record fully
functional will require several things
1. The information must be correct
2. Healthcare provider and client will need
to cooperate in creating these records
3. Patient understand enough about
medicine
4. Fears about invasion of privacy must be
addressed

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E-mail communication with clients
A. E-mail has been found useful in
facilitating retention and clarification of
information providing during visits
B. Addresses and telephone number are
easily included in e-mail
C. E-mail has also been found to increase
compliance with immunization
D. E-mail found to improve the visitation
rates

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E-mail communication with clients
• E-mail is not universally accepted by all
providers
• Concerns include
Privacy
Time demands
Liability
Inappropriate use
Continuing gulf

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use of the internet for support
Client sought online support to collect
information and reach decisions
Today using the interactivity of the internet
healthcare providers can design consumer
education

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Forums
Forums are used to provide a place for an
exchange of ideas
Forums are used by health oriented to
allow people to interact with other facing
the same situation

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Electronic mailing lists (E.M.L)
E.M.L have also found several uses in
healthcare
Professionals supporting each other
Professionals supporting clients
Client supporting each other
The benefits of professionals networking
with other professionals are an exchange
of care guidelines, formation of a different
viewpoint on various aspects of care

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Electronic mailing lists (E.M.L)
Finding new resources , and in general
gaining new knowledge
E.M.L are also used to provide support to
client
E.M.L provide support when face to face
contact in a group is un available
E.M.L used in education

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Support groups
Supporting groups may be a combination
of a forum , e-mail, and mailing list
Help given's similar to that received in face
to face groups
Internet support has been used to work
with those dealing with various condition
such as perinatal loss, disability issues,
menopause , breast cancer , alcoholism
and chronic disease

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Providing access to resources
• Another format for providing healthcare
information was adopted by a university
medical center
• They created a site that provide access to
many health related resources
• The site
NetWellness(http://www.netwellness.org/)
• Is now sponsored by 3 university medical
institution

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caution
When client use the internet they need
remember certain things :
The information they get may be only an
opinion
Careful giving their names , e-mail ,
addresses, and especially their credit card
number
Advised that there are no overseers of
web content or policies

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Intranets
Intranets are networks that are accessed
using a web browser but are available only
to users within a specific organization
They provide a cost effective way to share
information within agencies
Intranets can be extremely useful for
storing documents that need frequent
updating
Intranet may or may not be connected to
the internet

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extranets
An extranet is an extention of an intranet with
added security features
It provides accessibility to the intranet to a
specific group outsiders
To access the extranet
A valid user name and password are needed
Extranet can be used by healthcare providers to
access patient care information from out side of
the institution

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Direct care
 Web site existed that allowed a provider to
use information entered by a client to
make a diagnosis and prescribe medicine
 The web is however being used to provide
a second opinion

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Online pharmacies
Some things should know about use online
pharmacy
1. Whether registered pharmacist is
available to answer question
2. Site will accept their health insurance
payments
3. Site runs on a secure server
4. What the privacy policies of the site are

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World wide web portals
A portal definition a web site that offers
a wide array of resources and services
such as e-mail , forum, search tool and
linkes to useful sites
Currently many groups sponsor healthcare
portals , some are commercial and some
are nonprofit

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Development of a web site
Health care agencies may even develop
a site specific to a given condition that
functions more like an extranet that is
access is restricted to only their client
Client must understand the purpose of the
site and its limitation
Client need to understand how to use the
various parts of the sites

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General design principles
There are two approach
1. The first uses an artistic approach in
which aesthetic sensibilities are primary
2. In the other the web designer sees the
pages as away to assist are to solve
problem

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Accessibility factors in web design
Web sites include not only people who are
fully functional physically but also those
with disabilities
Healthcare web sites be designed so that
they are accessible by all
Blindness and visual impairments are
caused by many disease and condition
also interferes with web use

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Barriers to full use of the web are
experienced by those with physical or
neurological disabilities who find it difficult
to use a keyboard or mouse
The aim in web design for people with
some disability is according to demiris ,
finkelstein, and speedie

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Accessibility factors in web design
• To increase functional accessibility
1. Creating straightforward
2. Clear web pages
3. Using icons
4. Buttons simple
5. Easy to understand
6. Large enough for clicking
7. Use adequate contrast between text
8. The content should be written clearly and
simply

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Electronic resumes
A growing number of agencies are using electronic
databases to
I. Store
II. Compare
III. Retrieve resumes of prospective employees
A résumé prepared for an electronic database
needs to be prepared some what differently
than a traditional resume

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thank you