Introduction to Docker
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Introduction to Docker and basic usage. Dockerfile, pull, push, run examples
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Introduction to Docker
- 2. Harun Yardımcı h_yardimci /in/harunyardimci harun.yardimci@gmail.com 40.990022, 29.107436 hyardimci@ebay.com https://about.me/harun.yardimci
- 3. AGENDA ~ 1 HOUR IMMUTABLE INFRASTRUCTURE DOCKER IMAGES AND CONTAINERS HUB & REGISTRY BUILD & PULL ORCHESTRATION MACHINE SWARM COMPOSE DEPLOYMENTS MONITORING
- 4. “I know the solution is Docker, but I am not sure of the problem.” Immutable Infrastructure Deployments Environment Inconsistency Developer Onboarding Resources Isolation Security Fast Shipment Quickly Scale
- 5. Immutable Servers are like Legos: rebuild and replace instead of repairing them.
- 6. OS v1 App v1 OS v1 App v1 ac)veac)ve OS v1 App v2 ac)ve OS v1 App v1 inac)ve OS v1 App v2 ac)ve OS v2 App v2 ac)ve OS v1 App v2 inac)ve OS v2 App v2 ac)ve OS v1 App v1 inac)ve Patch Applica)on Patch OS Build ImmutableMutable Inac)ve once will be dropped.
- 8. &
- 10. Meet the Moby Dock Yes! This whale has a name. Open pla(orm for building, shipping and running distributed applica5ons. What is Docker? Ship Faster and Easier Applica5on Portability Infrastructure Flexibility Scalable How it will help?
- 11. VMs are the same! Virtual Machine Container not ^
- 14. & +
- 15. Next couple of slides contains bash commands and terminal outputs. There is no need to read them all. _ _ _____ ____ ____ _ _ _____ ____ _____ _ | | | ____| _ | _ / | | | ____| _ _ _| | | | | _| | |_) | | | | / _ | | | _| | |_) || | | | | | | |___| _ <| |_| | / ___ | |___| |___| _ < | | |_| |_| _|_____|_| _____/ /_/ ______|_____|_| _|_| (_) _ _ _____ ____ ____ _ _ _____ ____ _____ _ | | | ____| _ | _ / | | | ____| _ _ _| | | | | _| | |_) | | | | / _ | | | _| | |_) || | | | | | | |___| _ <| |_| | / ___ | |___| |___| _ < | | |_| |_| _|_____|_| _____/ /_/ ______|_____|_| _|_| (_)
- 17. Images and Containers [root@localhost01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐jenkins 1.609.2 45d86b4e7cb2 5 days ago 1.036 GB my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐ac5vemq 5.11.1 ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐ac5vemq latest ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB harunyardimci/ac5vemq latest ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB harunyardimci/ac5vemq 5.11.1 ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB jenkins 1.625.1 0c79d0a394dc 3 weeks ago 887.9 MB [root@localhost01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES List of Running Containers List of Images
- 18. Run a Container docker run jenkins run = start [root@localhost01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 327a0bcc9fda jenkins:latest “sh /usr/java/start.sh” 3 days ago Up 2 seconds 5000/tcp berserk_wozniak } Name of the image to load into container } will be some parameters docker stop 327a0bcc9fda docker start 327a0bcc9fda We could use this name here
- 19. Run a Container docker run -‐i -‐t -‐d -‐-‐name my-‐jenkins-‐master -‐p 8080:5000 jenkins:1.625.1 run = start [root@localhost01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 327a0bcc9fda jenkins:1.625.1 “sh /usr/java/start.sh” 2 days ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080-‐>5000/tcp my-‐jenkins-‐master docker stop my-‐jenkins-‐master docker start my-‐jenkins-‐master
- 20. Remove Container & Image [root@localhost01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 327a0bcc9fda jenkins:1.6.25.1 “sh /usr/java/start.sh” 2 days ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080-‐>5000/tcp my-‐jenkins-‐master [root@localhost01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐jenkins 1.609.2 45d86b4e7cb2 5 days ago 1.036 GB my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐ac5vemq 5.11.1 ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB my-‐registry.net:5000/gg-‐ac5vemq latest ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB harunyardimci/ac5vemq latest ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB harunyardimci/ac5vemq 5.11.1 ea995e1e0547 11 days ago 917.8 MB jenkins 1.625.1 0c79d0a394dc 3 weeks ago 887.9 MB docker rmi jenkins docker rmi 0c79d0a394dc docker rmi `docker images -‐q -‐f "dangling=true"` docker rm my-‐jenkins-‐master docker rm 327a0bcc9fda docker rm `docker ps -‐aq` docker rm docker rmi
- 21. Where can I find an Image -‐ download exis)ng -‐ build your own hkps://hub.docker.com/ • GitHub or BitBucket Integra5on • Automated Build • Web Hooks • Public and Private Repos • Lots of official Images Docker Hub
- 22. Where can I find an Image Dockerfile -‐ download exis5ng -‐ build your own # comment INSTRUCTION arguments FROM sets the Base Image for subsequent instruc5ons RUN will execute any commands in a new layer on top of the current image and commit the results CMD provide defaults for an execu5ng container ENTRYPOINT allows you to configure a container that will run as an executable EXPOSE will listen on the specified network ports at run5me ENV sets the environment variable <key> to the value <value> ADD copies new files, directories or remote file URLs and adds them to the filesystem of container COPY copies new files or directories and adds them to the filesystem of the container VOLUME creates a mount point with the specified name USER sets the user name or UID to use when running the image and for any instruc5ons
- 23. Dockerfile Example # Node.js Example # Image will be based on Centos6 FROM centos:centos6 # Enable EPEL for Node.js RUN rpm -‐Uvh hkp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/ epel-‐release-‐6-‐8.noarch.rpm # Install Node.js and npm RUN yum install -‐y npm # Bundle app source COPY . /src # Install app dependencies RUN cd /src; npm install # Map the port 8080 EXPOSE 8080 # Start the app CMD ["node", "/src/index.js"] package.json { "name": "docker-‐centos-‐hello", "private": true, "version": "0.0.1", "descrip)on": "Node.js Hello world using docker", "dependencies": { "express": "3.2.4" } } var express = require('express'); // Constants var PORT = 8080; // App var app = express(); app.get('/', func)on (req, res) { res.send('Hello worldn'); }); app.listen(PORT); console.log('Running on hnp://localhost:' + PORT); index.js Dockerfile
- 24. Build The Image[root@localhost01 ~]# docker build -‐t gg-‐node-‐example . Sending build context to Docker daemon 200.2 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM centos:centos6 Pulling repository centos a005304e4e74: Download complete …. spin …. Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:centos6 -‐-‐-‐> a005304e4e74 Step 1 : RUN rpm -‐Uvh hkp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-‐release-‐6-‐8.noarch.rpm -‐-‐-‐> Running in bf9df3009d99 Retrieving hkp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-‐release-‐6-‐8.noarch.rpm -‐-‐-‐> e3cef724d749 Removing intermediate container bf9df3009d99 Step 2 : RUN yum install -‐y npm -‐-‐-‐> Running in 53833526eb72 Setng up Install Process Resolving Dependencies Complete! -‐-‐-‐> c2f62ff5335d Removing intermediate container 53833526eb72 Step 3 : COPY . /src -‐-‐-‐> 865de2a7ad61 Removing intermediate container e837a9c1038d Step 4 : RUN cd /src; npm install -‐-‐-‐> Running in 7898163aaa6b …. spin …. Step 5 : EXPOSE 8080 -‐-‐-‐> Running in 86560a6429a6 -‐-‐-‐> 82d48b2e1d36 Removing intermediate container 86560a6429a6 Step 6 : CMD node /src/index.js -‐-‐-‐> Running in 67e03c4ee83e -‐-‐-‐> 41c16d218d70 Removing intermediate container 67e03c4ee83e Successfully built 41c16d218d70
- 25. Build The Image [root@localhost01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE centos centos6 539c0211cd76 5 seconds ago 203.1 MB gg-‐node-‐example latest d64d3505b0d2 2 hours ago 539.3 MB Second Time [root@localhost01 ~]# docker build -‐t gg-‐node-‐example . Sending build context to Docker daemon 202.2 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM centos:centos6 -‐-‐-‐> a005304e4e74 Step 1 : RUN rpm -‐Uvh hkp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-‐release-‐6-‐8.noarch.rpm -‐-‐-‐> Using cache -‐-‐-‐> e3cef724d749 Step 2 : RUN yum install -‐y npm -‐-‐-‐> Using cache -‐-‐-‐> c2f62ff5335d Step 3 : COPY . /src -‐-‐-‐> 31caf3a92acb Removing intermediate container db10d432aa91 Step 4 : RUN cd /src; npm install -‐-‐-‐> Running in 9d4wd824d6b Step 5 : EXPOSE 8080 -‐-‐-‐> Running in 86560a6429a6 -‐-‐-‐> 82d48b2e1d36 Removing intermediate container 86560a6429a6 Step 6 : CMD node /src/index.js -‐-‐-‐> Running in 67e03c4ee83e -‐-‐-‐> 41c16d218d70 Removing intermediate container 67e03c4ee83e Successfully built 41c16d218d70
- 26. Hub and Registry [root@localhost01 ~]# docker push harunyardimci/ac)vemq The push refers to a repository [harunyardimci/ac5vemq] (len: 1) ea995e1e0547: Image push failed Please login prior to push: Username: harunyardimci Password: Email: email@myemail.com WARNING: login creden5als saved in /root/.docker/config.json Login Succeeded The push refers to a repository [harunyardimci/ac5vemq] (len: 1) ea995e1e0547: Image already exists a01e3f658b16: Image already exists 8209bd534a23: Image successfully pushed 61abcd2c1997: Image successfully pushed 47271e138907: Image already exists 9d39128059aa: Image successfully pushed ad6b675a1518: Image already exists 49d630d58a4b: Image successfully pushed b4cb24b0365b: Image already exists 49ebfec495e1: Image successfully pushed bw63b0f4db1: Image successfully pushed 2262501f7b5a: Image already exists a594f78c2a03: Image successfully pushed 682b997ad926: Image successfully pushed 607e965985c1: Image successfully pushed 1ff9f26f09w: Image successfully pushed 9a61b6b1315e: Image already exists 902b87aaaec9: Image successfully pushed Digest: sha256:349339cbb0d44af01b2822efede02df3f377f6fce774489dba2266847a193416
- 27. Private Registryour own Commit and Push Changes as Normal Build the Code and Create Docker Image with a New Tag (Version) Pull Changes Push Image Store Docker Images
- 29. Pull an Image [root@localhost01 ~]# docker pull my-‐registry.net:5000/ac)vemq [root@localhost01 ~]# docker pull harunyardimci/ac)vemq Pull From Docker Hub Pull From Private Registry Use your username in docker hub Use private registry hostname and port (and username if authen5ca5on enabled)
- 30. Pull an Image [root@localhost01 ~]# docker pull ubuntu Pulling repository ubuntu b7de3133ff98: Pulling dependent layers 5cc9e91966f7: Pulling fs layer 511136ea3c5a: Download complete ef52w1fe610: Download complete f5f2fe7ac31e: Download complete be55w7f26a5: Download complete 3f42f9df3610: Download complete . . . Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu
- 31. Other Commands commit cp create exec export import info inspect logs port push stats tag top
- 32. Orchestration
- 33. Docker Machine beta allows you to provision Docker on virtual machines that reside either on your local system or on a cloud provider $ docker-‐machine create -‐d virtualbox dev $ docker-‐machine create -‐d digitalocean -‐-‐digitalocean-‐ access-‐token=secret AWS, Digital Ocean, Google Cloud Pla(orm, IBM So|layer, Microso| Azure and Hyper-‐V, OpenStack, Rackspace, VirtualBox, VMware Fusion®, vCloud® Air™ and vSphere®
- 34. Docker Machine beta $ docker-‐machine ls NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM default virtualbox Stopped dev-‐env virtualbox Running tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 dev2 digitalocean Stopped $ docker-‐machine start dev-‐env Star5ng VM... Started machines may have new IP addresses. You may need to re-‐run the `docker-‐machine env` command. $ docker-‐machine env dev-‐env export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY="1" export DOCKER_HOST="tcp://192.168.99.100:2376" export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="/Users/hyardimci/.docker/machine/machines/dev" export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME=“dev-‐env" # Run this command to configure your shell: # eval "$(docker-‐machine env dev-‐env)” or you can use Docker Quick Start Terminal
- 35. Docker Machine beta or you can use Docker Quick Start Terminal
- 36. Docker Swarm beta allows you create and access to a pool of Docker hosts using the full suite of Docker tools $ docker run swarm create $ docker run -‐d swarm join -‐-‐addr=<node_ip:2375> token:// cluster_id> docker run -‐d -‐p <swarm_port>:2375 swarm manage token://<cluster_id>
- 37. Docker Compose beta is a tool for defining and running mul5-‐ container applica5ons with Docker. WORKDIR /code ADD requirements.txt /code/ RUN pip install -‐r requirements.txt ADD . /code CMD python app.py web: build: . links: -‐ db ports: -‐ "8000:8000" db: image: postgres $ docker-‐compose up Dockerfile compose.yml
- 38. • Docker Client • Docker Machine • Docker Compose (Mac only) • Docker Kitema5c • VirtualBox Docker Toolbox
- 39. There are lots of more tools.. CentOS Atomic Consul Terraform Serf Cloudify Helios too many of them are available..
- 40. Ease Deployments w/ Docker Canary Releasing Blue-Green Deployment S1 S1 S1 S1 R R S1 S1 S1 S1 S2 S2 S2 S2 Deploy the new version to limited number of servers Deploy the new version to all of the servers (or provision new servers) If everything is OK, then switch from router to new servers If is work fine, deploy to the rest of the servers Docker can easily help to achieve some deployment paJerns such as canary releasing and blue-‐green deployment
- 41. Ease Deployments w/ Docker Canary Releasing Blue-Green Deployment S1 S2 S2 S2 R R S1 S1 S1 S1 S2 S2 S2 S2 Deploy the new version to limited number of servers Deploy the new version to all of the servers (or provision new servers) If everything is OK, then switch from router to new servers If is work fine, deploy to the rest of the servers Docker can easily help to achieve some deployment paJerns such as canary releasing and blue-‐green deployment
- 42. MonitoringHow we are doing it
- 43. MonitoringHow we are doing it Any Container cAdvisor Container to collect metrics InfluxDB container as a cAdvisor Backend Storage Driver Monitoring tool uses InfluxDB as a data source
- 44. Reminder IMMUTABLE INFRASTRUCTURE FABRIC AND PUPPET DOCKER IMAGES AND CONTAINERS RUNNING A CONTAINER REMOVE A CONTAINER OR A IMAGE HUB & REGISTRY BUILDING AN IMAGE DOCKERFILE PRIVATE REGISTRY PULLING AN IMAGE OTHER COMMANDS ORCHESTRATION MACHINE SWARM COMPOSE DOCKER TOOLBOX MESOS + KUBERNETES DEPLOYMENTS MONITORING