computer networks

1. Tutorial
Q. (1) “OSI model architecture is layered”? How are different layers organised?
Q. (2) What do you mean by addressing? Compare among physical, logical and port address.
Q. (3) What is congestion control? How does it occur? Explain in detail about various reasons
for network congestion and explain how to solve the congestion problem.
Q. (4) State “protocol layering principle” what is the need of multiple protocols?
Q. (5) If TCP round trip time, RTT is currently 30 m sec, and the following acknowledge come
in after 26, 32 and 24m sec respectively. What is the new RTT estimate? [Use 𝛼 = 0.9]
Q. (6) Client A with IP address 10.5.0.0 send a TELNET to another client B with IP address
10.6.0.0. what are the socket pair used by client A or B. (Assume source pair is 8000).
Q. (7) Construct the final Distance Vector Routing table for the below figure:
Q. (8) Received Hamming code word is 11110000101. Even parity is used. Locate and correct
bit errors.
Q. (9) Compute the CRC-4 character for the following message using a modified ‘divisor’
constant of 10011.
11000110101101 (the LSB in one the right)
Q. (10) A receiver got a Hamming code of 01110110101 (Left most bits are lower ordered bits)
including four odd-parity bits? Which bit is in error?
Q. (11) Explain Bellman ford algorithm with the suitable example. Discuss its importance.

2. Q. (12) Find the length as well as the direction of the shortest path between a to z in the given
weighted graph:
Q. (13) Number of needed usable subnets 126
Number of needed usable hosts 131, 070
Network Address 118.0.0.0
Address class ………………..
Default subnet mask …………….
Custom subnet mask ………………
Total number of subnets ………………..
Number of usable subnets ………………….
Total number of host addresses ……………
Number of usable addresses ……………….
Number of bits borrowed ……………….
Q. (14) Network Address 165.200.0.0 /26
Address class ………………..
Default subnet mask …………….
Custom subnet mask ………………
Total number of subnets ………………..
Number of usable subnets ………………….
Total number of host addresses ……………
Number of usable addresses ……………….
Number of bits borrowed ……………….
What is the 9th
usable subnet range ………………to ……………………
What is the subnet number for the 10th
usable subnet …………….

3. Q. (15) Compare between:
(a) internet and Internet
(b) UDP and TCP
(c) IPV4 and IPV6
(d) Classfull and Classless addressing.
(e) Supernetting and Subnetting
(f) Static and Dynamic Routing
(g) Distance Vector Routing and Link State
(h) Circuit, Packet and Message Switching
(i) Simplex, Half duplex and Full duplex.
(j) OSI & TCP/IP
Q. (16) Write a short note on the following:
(a) Networking and Internetworking Devices.
(b) Switch and Hubs
(c) DHCP, BOOTP and RARP
(d) Loopback address
(e) Port Number
(f) Leaky Bucket and Token Bucket Algorithm
(g) Unicast and Multicast routing protocols.