Description of Indian goat breeds in Hindi

1. भारतीय बक)रयों की
न-.
gfj vkse ik.Ms;
vkb- lh- ,- vkj-&Hkkjrh; Ik”kq&fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku

2. ifjp;
■ ns'k esa dqy cdjh tula[;k „僋 ds nkSjku ƒ†Š-ŠŠ fefy;u gSA
■ fiNyh i'kqèku x.kuk ¼„僄½ dh rqyuk esa dqy cdjh esa ƒå-ƒ† izfr”kr dh o`f) gqà gSA
■ dqy i'kqèku dk yxHkx „‰-Š izfr”kr cdfj;ksa }kjk ;ksxnku fn;k tkrk gSA
क
ु ल बक#रयाँ नर नार$ दु#धपान म)
२०१२ २०१९

3. ifjp;
■ Ckdfj;ak fiNyh i'kqèku x.kuk ¼„僄½ dh rqyuk esa dqy cdjh esa ƒå-ƒ† izfr”kr dh o`f) gqÃ
gSA
■ dqy i'kqèku dk yxHkx „‰-Š izfr”kr cdfj;ksa }kjk ;ksxnku fn;k tkrk gSA
क
ु ल बक#रयाँ नर नार$ दु#धपान म)
२०१२ २०१९

4. Ckdfj;ksa dk Ik”kqikyu esa ;ksxnku
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
Ckdfj;ksa Hkkjr ds dqy nqX/k mRiknu es 4% dk ;ksxnku

5. Ckdjh dk nw/k
qGoats’ milk is one of the earliest known superfoods
qGoats' milk typically contains slightly less lactose (10%
lower than cow’s milk)
qGoats' milk contains higher amounts of potassium, iron
and vitamin A than cows’ milk
qCows’ milk may not suit people —an alternative that is
better suited to the needs of our body.
qMany people who perceive they have issues with cows'
milk can drink goats’ milk without any problems, and
even say that their symptoms (such as eczema;
asthma; bloatedness; constipation; digestive
discomfort) are reduced or go away altogether
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
(Shown image is from internet)

6. ü Whilst the fat content of goats' milk is similar to cows' milk, the
fat globules are naturally much smaller in size.
ü Fat globule Individual globules of fat in goat milk ranged from
0.73 to 8.58 µm in diameter
ü The protein composition of goats’ milk also allows it to form a
softer curd during digestion, which may assist with your
digestive health and comfort.
q Dairy products like goats' milk and yogurt are blood pressure
friendly
q Prebiotic: Goats' milk has more oligosaccharides(non-digestible
carbohydrates) than cows' milk, with a similar amount and
structure to those found in human milk
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
(Shown images are from internet)
Ckdjh dk nw/k

7. Ckdjh vkSj xk; ds nw/k es vUrj
Constituents (per
100 g)
xk; Ckdjh HksaM+
Water (g) 87.8 88.9 83.0
Protein (g) 3.2 3.1 5.4
Fat (g) 3.9 3.5 7.0
Carbohydrate (g) 4.8 4.4 5.1
Energy (kcal) 66 60 95
Sugars (Lactose) (g) 4.8 4.4 4.9
Saturated (g) 2.4 2.3 3.8
Mono-unsaturated (g) 1.1 0.8 1.5
Polyunsaturated (g) 0.1 0.1 0.3
Cholesterol (mg) 14 10 11
Calcium (IU) 120 100 170
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
(Shown image is from internet)

8. fo”o es cdjh nqX/k mRiknu djus okys izeq[k ns”k
LFkku ns”k mRiknu (M
Tonnes)
1 India 5,000,000
2 Bangladesh 2,616,000
3 Sudan 1,532,000
4 Pakistan 801,000
5 Mali 720,000
6 France 580,694
7 Spain 471,999
8 Turkey 415,743
9 Somalia 400,000
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
(Shown images are from internet)

9. psou ,oa eVu dk fu;kZr ewY;
Rank Country
Export Value of Sheep and
Goat Meat in 2015 (USD)
1 New Zealand $2,135,691,000
2 Australia $2,126,031,000
3 United Kingdom $463,379,000
4 Ireland $248,642,000
5 Spain $151,603,000
6 Netherlands $135,538,000
7 India $128,285,000
8 Belgium $110,605,000
9 Ethiopia $103,627,000
10 France
©
Hari Om Pandey, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP
(Source: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/top-10-goat-and-sheep-meat-exporters.html)

10. Hkkjr esa jkT; okj cdfj;ksa dh vkcknh ¼„僋½
■ jktLFkku ¼„å-Š†½
■ if'pe caxky ¼ƒˆ-„Š½
■ mÙkj çns'k ¼ƒ†-†Š½
■ fcgkj ¼ƒ„-Š„½
■ eè; çns'k ¼ƒƒ-刽
■ Hkkjr esa ekStwn cdfj;ksa ds fy, …† uLyksa dh la[;k gS

11. भारत म& बकर) क* नःल. का भौगोिलक 3वतरण
उ"र$-
समशीतो,ण
न/ल1
पैतृक घर
उ"र-पि9चमी
शु,क और अ>?ध
शु,क न/लA
पैतृक घर दCDणी न/ल1 पैतृक घर पूवG न/लA
पैतृक घर
ग&$ 'हमाचल ूदेश िसरोह$ राजःथान संगमनेर$ महारा7 गंजम ओ'डशा
चांगथांगी ल&ाख मारवाड़$ राजःथान ओःमनाबाद$ महारा7 ?लैकबंगाल पCDम बंगाल
चीगु 'हमाचल ूदेश झाकरण राजःथान कCHण-अदू तिमलनाडु असम 'हल असम
बकरवाली जLमू और कँमीर बीतल पंजाब मालाबार$ क
े रल सुिम-ने नगालOड
बबPर$ उRर ूदेश Sबि$ कनाPटक
जमनापुर$ उRर ूदेश नंद$दुगाP कनाPटक
मेहसाणा गुजरात अVटपड़$ क
े रल
गो'हलवाड़$ गुजरात कोकण कWयाल महारा7
जलावाद$ गुजरात बरार$ महारा7
सूरित गुजरात टेरेसा अंडमान िनकोबार
क
ू ची गुजरात सलीम ?लैक तिमलनाडु
कहमी गुजरात dksM+h vnq तिमलनाडु
रो'हलखHड$ उRर ूदेश
पंतजा उRराखंड

12. ■ ;g uLy jktLFkku ds fljksgh ftys esa ik;h tkrh gSA vtesj]
Vksad] fHkyokjkA uLy xqtjkr ds ikyuiqj rd QSyh gqà gSA
■ 'kjhj d‚EiSDV] eè;e vkdkj ds tkuoj gSaA
■ dRFkbZ] gYds ;k xgjs Hkwjs jax ds iSp@/kCcksa ds lkFk dksV dk
jax eq[; :i ls Hkwjk gksrk gS( ihNs yEcs ckyksa dk xqPNk] cky
eksVs vkSj NksVsA
■ Ok;Ld cdjs vkSj cdjh ds “kjhj dk otu dze”k% 50 ,oa 23
AA75( 55 fdxzk
■ TkUe Hkkkj 2 fdxzk
fljksgh

13. ■ dku lery vkSj iÙkh dh rjg] eè;e vkdkj ds vkSj
<hys gksrs gSa
■ nksuksa Çyxksa esa NksVs lÈx gksrs gSa] tks Åij vkSj ihNs dh
vksj ?kqekonkj gksrs gSaA
■ iwaN yackà esa eè;e vkSj Åij dh vksj ?kqekonkj gSA
■ Ekakl ds fy;s vPNh uLy
■ nwèk dh mit% vkSlr nqXèk mRiknu 280 fdxzk izfr 274
fnu
fljksgh

14. ckjcjh
§ HkkSxksfyd forj.k% mÙkj çns'k ds vkxjk vkSj vyhx<+
ftys] vkSj jktLFkku ds Hkjriqj ftysA
§ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj % 37-85 fdxzk
22-56 fdxzk
§ nksuksa Çyxksa esa eqM+ lÈx] yackà esa eè;e vkSj Åij
vkSj ihNs dh vksjA
§ Dku NksVs ufydkdkj] [kM+s gq,A
§ nwèk% mit% 107-120 fdyks( nqX?k dky% 150-13 fnu
§ ekal% 'kjhj dk otu ¼fdyks½ tUe ds le; 1-7]
ohÇux ij 6-6] 6 eghus 7-80] 9 eghus 12-5] 12
eghus 14-5 fdxzk

15. ckjcjh
§ uLy] nwèk vkSj ekal ds fy, dkQh egRoiw.kZ gS] ,d
ckSuh uLy gS
§ la;fer vkSj LVky&QhÇMx ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ikyu ds
fy, vR;fèkd vuqdwy gSA
§ ,d vPNk nwèkokyk gksus ds vykok] ;g cgq}s”kh; uLy
ekuh tkrh gSA

16. tequkikjh
§ mÙkj çns'k esa vkxjk] eFkqjk vkSj bVkok ftys vkSj eè;
çns'k esa ÇHkM vkSj eqjSuk ftysA
§ 'kq) LV‚d bVkok ftys dscViqjk vkSj pkdj uxj ds
vklikl ds xkaoksa esa ik, tkrs gSaA
§ Hkkjr es lcls cM+h cdjhA yEcs iSjks okyhA dksV ds jax
esa cgqr fHkUurk gSA
§ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj % 44-66 fdxzk 38-
03 fdxzk
§ uLy dk fof'k"V pfj= ckyksa ds ,d xqPNs ds lkFk ,d
mPp mÙky ukd dh js[kk gS( rksrs dh rjgA

17. § dku cgqr yacs] likV vkSj NksM+us okys gksrs gSaA
nksuksa Çyx lÈx okys gSa( iwaN iryh vkSj NksVh
gksrh gSA
qfuracksa ij ckyksa dh ,d eksVh xqPNs
qnwèk% vkSlr nqXèk mRiknu% 201-96 fdxzk( nqX/k
dky% 191 fnu( vkSlr nSfud mit% 1-75
fdxzk( 'kq"d vofèk% 115 fnuA
qekal% 'kjhj dk otu ¼fdyks½ tUe ds le; 4-
27 fdxzk] 3 eghus 12-11 fdxzk] 6 eghus 15-56
fdxzk] 9 eghus 24-00 fdxzk] 12 eghus 29-65
fdxzk
tequkikjh

18. ■ ;g iwjs iatkc vkSj gfj;k.kk jkT;ksa esa forfjr fd;k tkrk gS(
■ gkykafd lPps uLy ds tkuoj iatkc ds xqjnkliqj]
■ ve`rlj vkSj fQjkstiqj ftyksa esa ik, tkrs gSaA
■ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj % 59-07 fdxzk 34-97 fdxzk
■ os cM+s tkuoj gSaA eq[; :i ls dkys ;k Hkwjs jax ds vyx&vyx
vkdkj ds èkCcksa ds lkFkA
■ dksV pednkj
■ psgjs dh js[kk mÙky gS] jkseu ukd ds lkFk ysfdu teukikjh dh
rjg çeq[k ugÈ gSA
■ dku yacs vkSj piVs] dyZ fd, gq, vkSj mHkjs gq, gksrs gSa
chVy

19. ■ forj.k% iwjs iwoÊ vkSj mÙkjiwoÊ Hkkjr esa] mÙkjh mM+hlk ls gksrs gq,
iwjs if'pe caxky] vle] ef.kiqj] f=iqjk] v#.kkpy çns'k vkSj
es?kky;
■ NksVs vkdkj dh uLyA
■ çeq[k dksV dk jax dkyk gS( Hkwjs] Hkwjs vkSj lQsn Hkh ik, tkrs gSa]
iwoZ nks dHkh&dHkh ihB vkSj isV vkSj ihB ij dkys fu'kku ds lkFkA
■ cky dksV NksVk vkSj pednkj gSA
■ ekal% 'kjhj dk otu fdxzk tUe ds le; 1-31] ohÇux 6-09] 9
eghus 8-80] 12 eghus 12-60]
■ Ropk mR—"V xq.koÙkk dh gksrh gSA
■ nwèk% vkSlr nqXèk mRiknu% 58-00 fdxzk( vkSlr nqX/k dky% 118-9
fnu
CySd caxky

20. mUur UkLyksa ds ladj.k dk vuqHko
■ izeq[k cdjh iztkfr;ksa ij iz;ksx Tkequkikjh] fljksgh] chVy] CySd caxky] ckjcjh
■ Ikakp larkuksa ds ckn cPpk tuu dh vk;q] C;kar vof/k ,oa cPpk tuu vUrjky esa
o§f) ik;h x;khA
■ cgqcPpk tuu] jksxjks/kh {kerk] ekal xq.koRrk] pjus dh n{krk] Ropk xq.koRrk
■ Lakdj Ik”kq] iks’k.k ,o okrkoj.k ruko &fygktk detksj] jksx

21. mUur UkLyksa ds ladj.k dk vuqHko
uLy C;kar mRiknu
fdxzk
C;kar vof/k fnu nSfud vkSlr nqX/k
mRiknu fdxzk
Tkequkikjh X CySd caxky 46 124 0.37
chVy X CySd caxky 50 127 0.39
Lkkusu X chVy 309 240 1.28
vYikbu X chVy 257 229 1.12
Lkkusu X ekykckjh 127 190 0.66
vYikbu X ekykckjh 98 187 0.52

22. ■ ;s cdfj;ka jktLFkku ds ekjokM+ {ks=( ftuesa tksèkiqj] ikyh]
ukxkSj] chdkusj] tkykSj] tSlyesj vkSj ckM+esj ftys 'kkfey gSaA
■ uLy xqtjkr ds dqN {ks=ksa] fo'ks"kdj esglk.kk ftys esa ik;h
tkrh gS
■ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 33-18 fdxzk 25-85 fdxzk
■ cdjh eè;e vkdkjA eq[; :i ls dkys yacs >cjk cky ds
lkFkA yxHkx 5 izfr”kr esa] lQsn ;k Hkwjs jax ds iSp Hkh ns[ks
tkrs gSaA
■ nk<+h nksuksa Çyxksa esa ekStwn gSA
ekjokM+h

23. ■ dku likV] yackà esa eè;e vkSj <hys gksrs gSa(
■ nksuksa Çyxksa esa NksVs] uqdhys lÈx gksrs gSa] tks Åij vkSj ihNs dh vksj
gksrs gSa( iwaN NksVh vkSj iryh gksrh gSA
■ vkSlr nSfud nwèk dh mit% 0-530 fdyks( lactation length% 196-3
days
■ ekal mRiknu% 'kjhj dk otu ¼ fdxzk ½ tUe ds le; 2-29 fdxzk]
ohÇux 6-00 fdxzk] 6 eghus 8-70 fdxzk] 9 eghus 13-70 fdxzk] 12 eghus
16-25 fdxzk
■ cky mRiknu% çfr o"kZ 302-9 xzkeA
ekjokM+h

24. >djkuk
§ jktLFkku ds vyoj ftys ds t[kjkuk vkSj cgjksM+ ds ikl
§ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj % 57-80 fdxzk 44-48 fdxzk
§ eq[; :i ls dku vkSj FkwFku ij lQsn èkCcksa ds lkFk dksV] NksVk
vkSj pednkj gksrk gSA
§ psgjs dh js[kk lhèkhA ekFks ladh.kZ vkSj FkksM+k mHkjk gqvk gSA uLy
chVy ds leku gS] çeq[k varj ;g gS fd >djkuk yack gSA
§ nwèk dh mit% 121-80 fdyksxzke( nwèk fudkyuk yackÃ% 114-7 18-
5 fnu( nSfud nwèk dh mit% 0-988 fdyksxzkeA

25. ■ nksuksa Çyxksa esa eksVs] eè;e vkdkj ds lÈx gksrs gSa] tks {kSfrt :i ls ihNs dh
vksj vkSj Åij dh vksj funsZf'kr gksrs gSa( iwaN NksVh vkSj iryh gksrh gSA
■ Fku cM+k vkSj vPNh rjg ls fodflr gS]
■ vkSlr ySDVs'ku mit% 177-38 fdyks( vkSlr nq) fudkyuk yackÃ% 187-0 fnu
■ ekal mRiknu% 'kjhj dk otu ¼fdyks½ tUe ds le; 2-80] ohÇux 9-26 kg ] 6
eghus 12-18 kg] 9 eghus 15-42 kg ] 12 eghus 21-83 ± 0-83
chVy

26. esglkuk
§ esglkuk cdjh xqtjkr ds cukldkaBk] esglk.kk] xkaèkh uxj vkSj vgenkckn
ftyksa esa ikà tkrh gSA
§ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 37-14 fdxzk 32-39 fdxzk
§ cdjh dk laj{k.k% cM+s 'kjhj dk vkdkj gSA dksV dkyk gS] dku ds vkèkkj
ij lQsn èkCcs ds lkFkA
§ ukd dh js[kk lhèkh gksAcky dksV yack vkSj >cjk gSA
§ dku lQsn] iÙkh dh rjg vkSj NksM+us okys gksrs gSa A nksuksa Çyxksa esa FkksM+s
§ eqM+s gq, lÈx gksrs gSa] tks Åij vkSj ihNs dh vksj ?kqekonkj gksrs gSaA
§ nwèk% vkSlr nSfud mit% 1-323 ± 0-134 fdyks( vkSlr nq) fudkyuk
§ yackÃ% 197-2 ± 7-5 fnuA
§ cky% çfr o"kZ vkSlr mit% 210-2 ± 20-4 xzkeA

27. xksfgyokM+h
§ ;g cdjk xqtjkr ds Hkkouxj] vejsyh vkSj twukx<+ ftyksa dk gSA
§ O;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 37-10 fdxzk 36-03 fdxzk
§ 'kjhj cdjh dh jpuk% cM+h cdjhA dksV dkyk gS vkSj eksVs yacs
§ ckyksa ds lkFk doj fd;k x;k gSA ukd dh js[kk FkksM+k mÙky gSA dku Vîwcyj
vkSj yVdk gqvkA
§ nksuksa Çyxksa esa FkksM+s eqM+s gq, lÈx gksrs gSa] tks ihNs dh vksj eqM+rs gSa
§ nwèk% vkSlr nSfud mit% 1-710 fdxzks( vkSlr nq) fudkyuk yackÃ% 227-2 fnuA
§ cky% çfr o"kZ vkSlr mit% 317-1 xzkeA

28. tkykokM+h
§ tykoknh xqtjkr esa lqjsaæuxj vkSj jktdksV ftyksa ds {ks=ksa esa
forfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
§ t+yokM+h dk fuekZ.k% os cM+s cdjs gSaA dksV dkys gksrs gSa vkSj yacs
eksVs cky gksrs gSaA
§ dku yacs] pkSM+s] iÙkh tSls vkSj NksM+us okys gksrs gSaA
§ nksuksa Çyxksa esa yacs eqM+ lÈx gksrs gSa] tks Åij dh vksj mBs gksrs
gSaA
§ ;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 38-84 fdxzk 32-99 fdxzk
§ nwèk% vkSlr nSfud mit% 2-02 fdxzk( nqX/k dky dh yackÃ% 197-2
fnuA
§ cky% vkSlr okÆ"kd mit% 245-3 xzkeA

29. lwjrh
§ bu cdfj;ksa dks lwjr vkSj cM+kSnk esa forfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
§ uLy dks ,d vPNh Ms;jh uLy ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS vkSj
§ fo'ks"k :i ls iw.kZ dkjkokl vkSj LVky&QhÇMx 'krks± ds rgr
j[kj[kko ds fy, vuqdwy gSA
§ o;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 32-03 fdxzk] 29-50
fdxzk
§ lwjr cdjh dk fuekZ.k fuEukuqlkj gS%
§ eè;e vkdkj ds cdjs] vkerkSj ij 'kjhj ds jax esa lQsn
§ dku eè;e vkdkj ds gksrs gSa( nksuksa Çyxksa esa ihNs dh vksj NksVs
lÈx gksrs gSaA
§ os vPNs nwèk nsus okys gSa] vkSlru çfr fnu 2-5 fdyks mitA

30. क
ू ची
§ dPNh uLy xqtjkr ds dPN ftys esa ikà tkrh gSA
§ o;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 43-50 fdxzk] 39-29 fdxzk
§ dPNh uLy dk fuekZ.k% muds 'kjhj dk vkdkj cM+k gksrk gSA
§ dksV eq[;r% dkyk gksrk gS] ysfdu dqN lQsn] Hkwjs vkSj fpÙkhnkj
§ tkuoj Hkh ik, tkrs gSaA cky eksVs vkSj yacs gksrs gSaA ukd FkksM+h jkseu gSA
§ dku yacs] pkSM+s vkSj mHkjs gq, gksrs gSa( nksuksa Çyxksa esa NksVs] eksVs lÈx gksrs gSa]
tks Åij dh vksj mBs gksrs gSaA
§ nwèk% vkSlr mit% 1-84 fdxzk( vkSlr nqX/k dky% 117-7 fnuA
§ cky% çfr fDyi vkSlr mit% 229-3 xzkeA

31. रो'हलख+ड-
§ ;g mÙkj çns'k ds jksfgy[kaM {ks= ds fy, ewy fuoklh gSA
§ ;g ekal vkSj nwèk ds fy, ikyk tkrk gSA
§ dksV dk jax eq[; :i ls xnZu ij LVkj ;k iSp ds lkFk dkyk gksrk
gSA
§ vfèkdka'k tkuoj lÈx okys gksrs gSa tks ?kqekonkj gksrs gSa] vkSj ckn esa
vkSj cká :i ls funsZf'krA
§ nk<+h vkSj o‚VYl nksuksa Çyxksa esa vuqifLFkr gSaA QksjgsM FkksM+k mÙky
gksrh gSA
§ tka?k {ks= esa ckyksa ¼dkys ;k Hkwjs jax½ ds VQ ekStwn gksrs gSaA
§ o;Ld 'kjhj dk out uj esa 25 ls 36 fdxzk vkSj eknk esa 21 ls 31
fdxzk rd gksrk gSA V~oÇux vke gS vkSj fVªiy Hkh ik;k tkrk gS
§ nSfud nwèk dh mit 450 ls 740 fdxzk rd gksrh gSA

32. nf{k.k Hkkjrh; uLysa
■ forj.k% egkjk"Vª ds iwuk vkSj vgenuxj ftysA
■ 'kjhj cdjh dk laj{k.k% eè;e vkdkj ds tkuojA
■ 'kjhj dk jax lQsn] dkyk ;k Hkwjk gks ldrk gS]
■ vU; jaxksa ds èkCcksa ds lkFkA
■ dku eè;e vkdkj ds vkSj NksM+us okys gksrs gSaA
■ nksuksa Çyxksa esa lÈx gksrs gSa] tks ihNs vkSj Åij dh vksj funsZf'kr gksrs gSaA
■ iwaN iryh vkSj NksVh gksrh gSA
■ cky dksV csgn eksVs vkSj NksVs gksrs gSaA
laxeusjh

33. § forj.k% egkjk"Vª ds mLekukckn ftys ds ykrwj] rqytkiqj
vkSj
§ mnxhj rkyqdsA
§ o;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 33-66 fdxzk] 32-36
fdxzk
§ dkys vkSj lQsn] Hkwjs ;k fpÙkhnkjA dku eè;e yacs gksrs gSaA
§ vfèkdka’k uj lÈx okys gksrs gSa( efgykvksa dks yxHkx leku
vuqikr esa lÈx ;k iksy fd;k tk ldrk gSA iwaN eè;e
yach vkSj iryh gksrh gSA
mLekukcknh

34. ekykckjh
§ forj.k% dkyhdV] duUuksj vkSj dsjy ds ekykiqje ftysA
§ eè;e vkdkj dh uLyA
§ dksV dk jax iwjh rjg ls lQsn ls iwjh rjg ls dkys jax esa fHkUu gksrk gSA
§ nksuksa Çyxksa esa NksVs] FkksM+s eqM+s gq,] lÈx gksrs gSa] tks ckgj vkSj Åij dh vksj
eqM+s gksrs gSaA
§ dku eè;e vkdkj ds gksrs gSa] ckgjh vkSj uhps dh vksj funsZf'kr gksrs gSaA iwaN
NksVh vkSj iryh gksrh gSA

35. iwoÊ uLysa
xate
qforj.k% mM+hlk ds nf{k.kh tuin] xate vkSj dksjkiqV
qo;Ld Ukj ,o eknk ds “kjhj dk Hkkj% 44-05 fdxzk] 31-
87 fdxzk
qdksV dkyk ,oa lQsn] Hkwjs] ;k fPkRrhnkj gks ldrs gSa
qDku e/;e vkdj ds gksrs gSaA