Sub-Saharan Africa experienced imperialism in the 19th century as European powers took control of much of the continent. Explorers like David Livingstone and H.M. Stanley paved the way for King Leopold II of Belgium to establish the Congo Free State and seize control of the Congo. At the Berlin Conference, European nations divided up Africa among themselves, leading to new imperial conquests supported by railways, steamships, and mining. This period saw conflicts like the Boer Wars in South Africa over gold and diamonds and the rise and fall of leaders like Shaka of the Zulus, while the imperial systems established law and order but also utilized forced labor and struggled with ending slavery.

1. Sub-Saharan Africa imperialism in the 19th century

2. Explorers of Africa David Livingston H.M. Stanley

4. Congo Free State- Other Nations began to join

5. New Imperialism- Europe’s conquest Railways boats Steamships mines

6. Berlin conference- Africa For Dinner!!!!

7. Boers- Farmers; warlike

9. - Gold and diamond were tempting for the British

12. Law and order was achieved but lacked social services

13. Forced labor was still an issue but railroads and roads proved beneficial

14. Ghana and Kenya- Difficulty with slavery

15. Slave Trade- slowly diminishes