2. Area: 752,618 sq km Population: 11,862,740 Land resources: copper, cobalt (64%), zinc, lead, coal, emeralds, gold, silver, uranium, hydropower Land use: arable land: 6.99% permanent crops: 0.04% Natural Factors
3. Population growth rate: 1.631% (81) 21.34 deaths/1,000 population (3) Life expectancy at birth: 38.63 years (223) Fertility rate: 5.15 children born/woman Age structure: 0-14 years: 45.1% 15-64 years: 52.6% 65 years and over: 2.3% Human Factors
4. Literacy: 80.6% Education expenditure: 2% of GDP HIV: 1.1 million living with AIDS (56.000 deaths) Steve Halliday: it is not about education Infant mortality rate: 101.2 deaths/1,000 live births
5. GDP real growth rate: 4.5% GDP per capita: $1,500 (199) GDP- composition by sector: agriculture: 19.2% industry: 31.3% services: 49.5% Unemployment: 50%- however, of the 6 million people in the labor force, only 700’000 are formally employed Population below poverty line: 86% Economic Factors
7. Zambian leader threatens political opponent with gang rape (Jan 19, 2010) Youth chairman for the Movement for Multiparty Democracy in the Republic of Zambia, Chris Chalwe, threatening Edith Nawakiwi, the leader of the country's Forum for Democracy and Development. Political Factors
8. Poverty cycle: There is economic growth/ good education Institutional and political obstacles Director of planning of the Finance Ministry Justin Mubanga: "The broadening of the tax base would reduce the percentage of the tax obligations in various sectors and bring relief to the small number of people who are presently being taxed" International trade obstacles The Zambian Government (with IMF help) has enacted an economic diversification program promoting agriculture, tourism, gemstone mining, and hydropower to balance the overreliance on copper and cobalt production. Electricity exports have grown to surpass imports by 40 million kWh
9. Social and cultural obstacles 70% of the population is Catholic Pope’s word is law
10. The child labor force is of 840’000 children Almost 1/3 of Zambian children are orphans due in large part to HIV By reducing the number of employed children, reducing adult unemployment and promoting responsibility This would decrease HIV presence Children’s education would also improve as more time is dedicated to their studies The Problem
11. The WTO maintains an average of 20% interest rate on loans in Zambia. The US has issued 6 billion $ in debt relief and the poverty is still widespread Conditioned loan: increase in number of child labor, increase in interest rates and vice versa At random intervals the number of child workers will be appraised: If it has increased, a 5% increase in interest rates If it has decreased, the interest rate will decrease to ¾ of what it was The Proposal
