this PPT describe the types of cell.

1. TYPES OF CELL
By
SOMNATH GHOSH
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
BHARAT TECHNOLOGY
ULUBERIA, HOWRAH, WEST BENGAL

2. CONTENTS
 Definition Of Cell
 An Overview Of Cell(Architecture Of Cells)
 Types Of Cell
 Prokaryotic Cell
 Mesokaryotic Cell
 Eukaryotic Cell
 Unicellular organism
 Multicellular organisms
 Plant cell
 Animal cell

3.  Definition- Cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of living beings
which consists of a membrane covered mass of protoplasm.
 Cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665.
 Cytology (kytos-cell, logos-study) is the study of form and structure of cells as well as their
organelles with the help of microscopes.

4. An Overview of Cell
A typical cell possesses three major elements- outer envelop, genetic material and cytoplasm.
1. Outer Envelope- A cell is surrounded by an outer membrane called plasma membrane or Plasmalemma. It
isolates the cell interior. A distinct cell wall lies on its outside in plant cells .
2. Cytoplasm- It is semifluid matrix that occupies the interior of cell between nuclear region and outer
envelope. Cytoplasm is the area of major cellular or life activities which keep the cell in the living state.
3. Genetic Material- It represents hereditary material that not only controls the functioning of the cell but
also contains information for forming the whole organism. Genetic material is DNA. In eukaryotes it is enclosed
inside the nucleus as chromatin material. The latter appears as chromosomes during cell division. In
prokaryotes, the genetic material lies freely inside the cytoplasm as coiled up structure called nucleoid.
Outer envelope
Genetic material
Cytoplasm

5.  Types of Cell:-
Cell
Organism
Prokaryote
Mesokaryote
Eukaryote
Unicellular
Multicellular
Plant Animal

6. Prokaryotic cell Mesokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell
A prokaryotic cell is the one which
has single envelope system lacking
membrane bound cell organelles
and a true nucleus that is replaced
by a nucleoid made of supercoiled
DNA molecule without association
with histone proteins.
Examples:- Bacteria,cyan-bacteria
(blue green algae), etc.
Mesokaryotic cells are the organisms Eukaryotic cell is the one which
in between the nucleoid of the pro- possesses a true nucleus and two
karyotes and eukaryotes and their envelope organisation.
nucleus do not contain histone proteins
instead a new family of proteins called Examples:-Protista, fungi, metazoa
viral nucleoproteins. (animals) and metaphyta (plants)
Examples:- Dinoflagellates, protozoa etc.
(Noctiulea), marine algae (Gymnodium,
Peridium ) etc.

7. Unicellular Multicellular
Unicellular organisms are organisms
consisting of one cell only that performs
all vital functions.
Examples:- Bacteria, unicellular fungi,
and unicellular protists.
Multicellular organisms are organisms
that have or consist of many cells or
more than one cell to perform all vital
functions.
Examples:- Humans, animals, and
plants.

8. Animal cell Plant cell
Animal cells are the basic structural and
functional unit of a animal. They are the
eukaryotic cells having a membrane-bound
organelles suspended in the cytoplasm
enveloped by a plasma membrane.
Animal cell contains many small vacuoles.
Nucleus is usually round.
Cell division generally occurs by cleavage
method.
Examples:- Skin cells, blood cells, nerve cells
Plant cells are the basic structural and
functional unit of a plant. They are the
eukaryotic cells having a membrane-bound
nucleus, plastid, rigid cell wall and other cell
organelles.
Plant cell has a large central vacuole.
Nucleus is commonly oval in outline.
Cell division generally occurs by cell plate
method .
Examples:- Collenchyma, parenchyma cells