2. Content
• After this studying, the
student should be
1) Introduction
able;
2) The Solar System
3) Asteroid Belt
– To identify the 9 planet 4) Comet
in our Solar System.
5) 9 Planet In Solar
System
– Knowing what is a) Mercury
consist in our Solar b) Venus
System. c) Earth
d) Mars
e) Jupiter
f) Saturn
g) Uranus
h) Neptune
3. Introduction
The Solar System consists of the Sun and the
•
astronomical objects bound to it by gravity.
Formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud
approximately 4.6 billion years ago.
•
The four smaller inner planets, Mercury, Venus,
Earth and Mars, also called the terrestrial planets , are
•
primarily composed of rock and metal.
The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn , are composed
mainly of hydrogen and helium.
•
5. Asteroid Comet
belt
The main asteroid belt Comets are small Solar System bodies,
typically only a few kilometres across,
composed largely of volatile ices.
Short-period comets have orbits lasting
less than two hundred years. Short-
occupies the orbit between
period comets are believed to originate
Mars and Jupiter, between
in the Kiuper belt.
2.3 and 3.3 AU from the Sun.
Long-period comets have orbits lasting
Asteroids with diameters
thousands of years.
between 10 and 10−4 m are
called meteoroids.
6. Image of the main Asteroid belt and the
Image of the main Asteroid belt and the
Trojan asteroids
Trojan asteroids
7. 9 Planets in Solar System
1. Mercury
2. Venus
3. Earth
4. Mars
5. Jupiter
6. Saturn
7. Uranus
8. Neptune
9. Pluto
8. Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun , innermost
and smallest (0.055 Earth masses) planet in the Solar
System, orbiting the Sun once every 87.969 Earth
days.
Mercury is similar in appearance to the Moon: it is heavily
cratered with regions of smooth plains, has no natural
satellites and no substantial atmosphere . However,
unlike the Moon, it has a large iron core, which generates
a magnetic field about 1% as strong as that of the Earth.
11. Cont’d
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty.
Venus has no natural satellites.
The diameter of Venus is only 650 km less than the Earth's, and its mass is
81.5% of the Earth's.
A day on Venus lasts 243 Earth days, while its year is 224.7 Earth days.
12. Earth
Earth (or the Earth) is the third planet from the Sun, and
the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the
Solar System.
It has one natural satellite, the Moon.
Earth orbits the Sun once for every roughly 366.26
times it rotates about its axis, which is equal to 365.26
solar days.
The Earth's axis of rotation is tilted 23.4 ° away from
the perpendicular to its orbital plane.
15. Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar
System. The planet is named after the Roman god of
war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the
iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish
appearance.
Mars has two tiny natural satellites (Deimos and
Phobos) thought to be captured asteroids.
Mars’ average distanceOrbit &the Sun is roughly 230
from Rotation
million km (1.5 AU) and its orbital period is 687
(Earth) days.
The axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees.
17. Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest
planet within the Solar System.
The Romans named the planet after the Roman god
Jupiter.
Having a diameter of 142,984 km at its equator.
Jupiter's density, 1.326 g/cm³.
The only planet that has a center of mass with the Sun.
Jupiter's rotation is the fastest of all the Solar System's
planets, completing a rotation on its axis in slightly less
than ten hours.
18. Planetary rings
Planetary rings
ψ Jupiter has a faint planetary ring
system composed of three main
segments;
• An inner torus of particles (Halo)
• Bright main ring
• Outer gossamer ring .
ψ Rings appear to be made of dust.
The rings of Jupiter
The rings of Jupiter
20. Saturn
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun – 2nd largest after
Jupiter.
One-eighth the average density of Earth. Saturn's mass
is just over ninety-five times greater than Earth's.
Wind speeds on Saturn can reach 1,800 km/h.
Saturn has nine rings. 62 known moons orbit the planet,
53 are officially named.
21. Physical Characteristic
Saturn is an oblate spheroid ; that is, it is flattened at the poles and
bulges at the equator.
Its equatorial and polar radii differ by almost 10%—60,268 km versus
54,364 km.
Average specific density of the planet is 0.69 g/cm³.
Saturn is only 95 Earth masses.
An ultraviolet photo of Saturn's
rings.
22. saturn orbit &
rotation
♣ The average distance between Saturn and the Sun is over
1 400 000 000 km (9 AU).
Average orbital speed of 9.69 km/s, it takes Saturn 10,759 Earth days
♣
(or about 29½ years).
♣ The elliptical orbit of Saturn is inclined 2.48°.
Planetary Ring
The rings extend from 6 630 km to
120 700 km above Saturn's equator.
24. Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and
the third-largest and fourth most massive
planet in the Solar System.
The wind speeds on Uranus can reach 250
meters per second (900 km/h, 560 mph).
Axial Tilt
Uranus has an axial tilt of 97.77
degrees.
25. Planetary Ring
Uranus has a pale planetary ring system, consist of
dark particulate material up to 10 metres in
diameter.
Thirteen distinct rings are presently known, the
brightest being the ε ring. All except two rings of Uranus are
extremely narrow—they are usually a few kilometres wide.
26. Planetary Ring
Uranus's inner rings. The bright
Uranus's inner rings. The bright
outer ring is the εεring, eight other
outer ring is the ring, eight other
rings are present.
rings are present.
Uranian ring system
Uranian ring system
27. Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun.
Named for the Roman god of the sea.
It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the
third-largest by mass.
On average, Neptune orbits the Sun at a distance of 30.1 AU.
categorize Uranus and Neptune as "ice giants“.
Wind speeds as high as 2,100 km/h.
Temperatures at its cloud tops approaching −218 °C
(55 K). Temperatures at the planet's centre ,
however, are approximately 5,400 K (5,000 °C).
28. Pluto
From its discovery in 1930 until 2006, Pluto was considered
the Solar System's ninth planet.
It has an eccentric and highly inclined orbit that takes
it from 30 to 49 AU (4.4–7.4 billion km) from the
Sun.
Pluto has two known smaller moons; Nix and Hydra,
discovered in 2005.
29. Pluto orbit & rotation
Pluto's rotation period, its day, is equal to 6.39 Earth days.
Pluto rotates on its "side" on its orbital plane, with an axial tilt of 120°.
At its solstices, one hemisphere is in permanent daylight, while
the other is in permanent darkness.
Orbit & Rotation
30. Pluto orbit & rotation
This diagram shows the
relative positions of Pluto
(red) and Neptune (blue)
on selected dates.
Orbit of Pluto—polar view. The
darker halves of both orbits show
where they pass below the plane of
the ecliptic.
Orbit of Pluto—ecliptic view.
This 'side view' of Pluto's
orbit (in red) shows its large
inclination to Neptune's orbit
(in blue). The ecliptic is
horizontal.
32. References
Davies, Merton E; et al. (October, 1976). "Antoniadi's Map of Mercury". SP-423 Atlas of Mercury. NASA.
http://history.nasa.gov/SP-423/p15a.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-09.
"Dawn: A Journey to the Beginning of the Solar System". Space Physics Center: UCLA. 2005.
http://www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu/dawn/background.html. Retrieved 2007-11-03.
Luhmann J. G., Russell C. T. (1997). J. H. Shirley and R. W. Fainbridge. ed. Venus: Magnetic Field and Magnetosphere. Chapman
and Hall, New York.
Nineplanets.org. "An Overview of the Solar System". http://www.nineplanets.org/overview.html. Retrieved 2007-02-15.
Staff (2008-07-24). "World". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-
world-factbook/geos/xx.html. Retrieved 2008-08-05.
"Space Topics: Compare the Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, The Moon, and Mars". Planetary Society.
http://www.planetary.org/explore/topics/compare_the_planets/terrestrial.html. Retrieved 2007-04-12.
http://www.spacestationinfo.my retrieved 2010-10-19
