2. 2
The Need for Consistent Legal Guidelines
-
Experience from the Czech Republic
Dr. Čestmír Hrdinka
Perugia, 15th April 2010
3. 3
Topics
• General overview of the biowaste management
in the Czech Republic and challenges we
are facing
• Need for EU legislation on biowaste from the
perspective of a new MS
4. 4
Landfilling of Municipal Waste
68
70
72
74
76
78
80
82
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
%
Waste Production in the Czech Republic
Total waste production
33 mil. t/year
Municipal waste production
4,4 mil. t/year
Municipal biowaste production
1,8 mil. t/year
5. 5
How Much Municipal Waste Needs to Be
Diverted from Landfills
• Landfill directive 1999/31/EC sets targets:
Reduction of biodegradable municipal waste in
comparison with the amount generated in 1995 to
75 % in 2010
50 % in 2013
35 % in 2020
Amount of municipal biodegradable
waste allowed for landfilling (ths. t)
1995 2010 2013 2020 2008
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
6. 6
Current Legislative Measures to
Support Biowaste Management
• Waste Act
(No. 185/2001 Coll.)
Prevention – community
composting & green
compost (§ 10a)
Biodegradable waste -
small composting facilities
(less than 150 t per year)
have a simplified regime
(§ 33a)
• Waste Act
(No. 185/2001 Coll.)
Prevention – community
composting & green
compost (§ 10a)
Biodegradable waste -
small composting facilities
(less than 150 t per year)
have a simplified regime
(§ 33a)
•Decree on the
Management of
Biodegradable Waste
(No. 341/2008 Coll.)
For composting and AD
plants
Technical requirements
The rules of operation
Evaluation and Control of
Outputs
Sampling procedures
•Decree on the
Management of
Biodegradable Waste
(No. 341/2008 Coll.)
For composting and AD
plants
Technical requirements
The rules of operation
Evaluation and Control of
Outputs
Sampling procedures
7. 7
Financial Support
The Operational Programme Environment
Supported Biowaste Project Types
•Regional systems for the use of biowaste or for the
mechanical and biological treatment of municipal waste
•Systems for separating biowaste
•Composting plants and AD for biowaste
processing
Priority Axis 4
The improvement of
waste management
(EUR 520 mil.)
Rehabilitation of existing
ecological burdens
(EUR 256 mil.)
Number of all projects supported from axis 4
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1st call 5th call 11th call
8. 8
The Amount of Biodegradable Municipal
Waste Going to Landfills
1 100
1 150
1 200
1 250
1 300
1 350
1 400
1 450
1 500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ths.t
9. 9
Challenges
Legislative
missing a comprehensive legislation on biowaste in
the EU (e.g. no obligation for biowaste collection)
Financial
cheap landfilling in comparison with biological
treatment – composting, AD
Practical
problems with compost distribution
10. 10
Additional Efforts to Support
Recycling of Biowaste
Increase in landfill taxes
Obligatory separate collection of municipal biowaste
Exceptions for communities that have introduced
home & community composting
has not been accepted
A waste bill (2008, 2009)
11. 11
EU legal guidelines would help to
introduce separate collection and divert
biowaste from landfills
Transposition of Waste Framework
Directive in National Law
A pure transposition – nothing on the top of WFD
No obligation for separate collection
Art. 22 of WFD says that MS shall take measures, as appropriate,
… to encourage:
(a) the separate collection of bio-waste with a view to the
composting and digestion of biowaste
No increase in landfill fees
12. 12
Problems with Compost Distribution
•Collaboration with farmers missing – limited
market for composts
•Low confidence in compost from municipal waste
Segregation of waste and its quality
Assurance system
EU legal guidelines would increase
confidence in products by introducing
assurance system scheme
13. 13
Biowaste Management -
Crosscuting Environmental Issue
Biowaste serves different purposes
•Diverting biowaste from landfills and preventing
environmental problems associated with GHG and
leachates
•Soil protection – organic matter, retention of water,
enhancing purification capacity
•Renewable energy – climate protection
This crosscutting issue needs
a stand-alone legislation covering all aspects
14. 14
It’s Time for a New Comprehensive
Legislation on Biowaste
•First proposal how to regulate biowaste in 2001
•Green paper on biological waste in 2008
•Council Conclusion on biowaste in 2009
•Impact assessment in 2010 ⇒⇒⇒⇒ ???
It’s time to act now!
15. 15
Key Elements of the Legislation
Introduction of a framework with common
parameters but with certain flexibility for MS
Introduction and support of separate collection
(exceptions - e.g. community composting, …)
Defining of input materials for biowaste treatment
plants
Introduction of product standards (digestate,
compost)
Quality assurance system
16. 16
Conclusions
•Problems with diverting biowaste from landfills – is
current legislation sufficient? - NO
•Missing comprehensive legislation for a multicriterial
issue - biowaste - YES
•Long-standing discussion on the need of an EU
legislation on biowaste
It’s time to act now!
17. 17
Thank you for your attention!
Contact: cestmir.hrdinka@mzp.cz
