1. 부 탄 개 황
2012. 5.
주 인 도 대 사 관
[ 부 탄 국 기 ]
o 1960년에 제정된 부탄국기는 노란색과 주황색 두 가지 색으로 나누어진 삼각형으로 구성
된 바탕 가운데에는 하얀색 용이 그려져 있음.
o 하얀색 용은 부탄이라는 국명이 티베트어 방언으로 '용의 나라' 라는 뜻을 의미하며, 용
이 발톱에 붙잡고 있는 보석은 부를 의미함.
o 하얀색은 충성과 순결에 대한 예찬을, 노란색은 세속 군주를, 주황색은 불교를 의미함.
[ Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck 부탄 제5대 국왕 ]

2. 목 차
I. 일 반 개 황
1. ························································································································ 3
2. ․ ··················································································································· 4
3. ························································································································ 5
4. ························································································································ 5
II. 약 사
1. ·································································································· 9
2. Wangchuck ····················································································· 10
3. ···················································· 11
III. 정 치
1. ················································································································ 15
2. ················································································································ 17
IV. 외 교
1. ······································································································ 21
2. ························································································ 21
3. ················································································ 23
V. 경 제
1. ······················································································································ 27
2. ·································································································· 27
3. ······································································································ 28
4. 對 ···················································································· 30
VI. 교육/종교/문화/관광/군사
1. ······················································································································ 33
2. ························································································································ 33
3. ························································································································ 34
4. ················································································································ 34
5. ························································································································ 35
VII. 한-부탄 관계 개요
1. - ········································································································ 39
2. ···································································································· 40
3. ································································································ 41
4. ···································································································· 41
5. ······································································································ 42
부록. 주요 인사 약력

3. I. 일 반 개 황
I. 일 반 개 황
1. 일반
o : (Kingdom of Bhutan)
o : ( ), ( :
, : , : , )
o : 4 , , ,
o : 38,394㎢( 1/5)
- 300㎞, 170㎞
- , ․ ,
※ 부탄내 20개의 7,000m이상 봉우리 존재(최고봉 Jhomo Lhari는 7,314m)
- 72.5% , 10% , 8% ,
3.9%
o : 716,896 (2012 )
- : 1.8%
- 35%, 65%
o : (Thimphu) ( : 10 4 , 2012 )
※ 해발 2,320m
o : (Bhote) 50%, 35%, 15%
o : (Dzongkha : ), ,
o : Drupka ( ) 75%, ( ) 25%
o : - Kuensel( , ) / Bhutan Times( 2 ,
, 2006 ) / Bhutan Observer( , , 2006
),
TV - BBS(Bhutan Broadcasting Service, , )
o : 53%( 40%, 66%)

4. 2. 정치․외교
o : 1949.8.8
-
1949.8.8
o : 12.17( 1907.12.17 )
o :
o (King) : Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck(2006.12.14 )
※ 점성술에 따른 길일을 택하고 부왕의 지도하에 국정 경험을 쌓기 위하여 즉위후 약 2년이
지난 2008.11.6 대관식 개최
o :
- 25 : 20 , 5 , 5
※ 2008.1월 선거 실시
- 47 : , 5
※ 2008.3.24 선거 실시
o : , Jigme Thinley (2008.4.9 )
- 10
o : Ugyen Tshering(2008.4 )
o : DPT(Druk Phuensum Tshogpa : )
PDP(People’s Democratic Party : )
o : 33 ( ․ ․
)
※ 재외공관 : 인도, 방글라데시, 쿠웨이트, 태국, UN대표부, 스위스 등
※ 부탄내 상주공관 : 인도, 방글라데시, 태국(총영사관) 등
o : (1971.9.21), (1972 )
o ( ) : 6,000 , 2,000
※ 국방비 : 1,370만불(GDP의 1.8%)
3. 경제
o (GDP) : 18.3 (2011 )
o 1 GDP : 6,000 (2011 )
o GDP : 8.1%(2011 )
※ 7 ~ 6 .
o
- 10 5 (2008-13)
, ,
o : (Ngultrum), (Rupee)
- 1 ≒1 (2011 US1 ≒52.85 )
o : ( ),
o (2010 ) : 5.08 / 7.86
o : 2005-10 17,500
o : 12.75 (2011 )
4. 지리
o ( ), ( , , ,
)
- 70% 9%
o
- 50km “ ”
(
5 ~7 mm)
o
- 1,000~1,500mm 1,200~3,000m ,
-
o
- ,

5. II. 약 사
II. 약 사
1. 부탄왕국의 성립
o ‘ ’ bhu-uttan (the high
country) bhot'anta(the country of the Bhotias :
)
o 8 (Padmasambhava Guru Rinpoche)
( )
- , , ,
o 13~14 Phajo Drugom Shigpo, Longchen Rabpampa
, (drupkas)
- 17
o 1616 (drukpa-kagyu) Shabdrung( :
Ngawang Namgyal) ,
Chhoesi ․
- Druk Desi( deb raja), Je
Khenpo( dharma raja)
- Chhoesi 2 17
o 18 , 19
- 1772
- 1774
- 1865 - (‘Sinchula’ )
( )
, 5

6. 2. Wangchuck 왕조의 수립
o ‘ (Ugyen Dorji Wangchuk)’ 1907 ,
(Maha Raja) ,
- 1907
o 1910 - (Punakha Treaty)
- ,
- (British India), ( 10 )
o 1926 ‘ ’ 2
o 1947 前 (British India) ( ․ )
o 1949 - (1949.8.8 )
- , 1910 ․
- - -
※ 인도-부탄 우호협력조약 요지
인도는 부탄의 내정불간섭
부탄은 대외관계에서 인도의 조언 수용
인도는 년간 50만루피를 보조금으로 부탄에 지급
인도는 영국이 1865년 점령했던 동부국경 32평방마일(Dewangiri 지역)을 부탄에
반환
양국간 교역장벽 철폐
쌍방 국민에 대해 내국인 대우
o 1952 10 ‘ ’ 3
-
3. 부탄왕국의 안정 및 입헌군주제로의 전환
o 1972 7 ‘ ’ 4 18
(decentralization)
-
- , (decentralization),
,
, GNH(Gross National Happiness)
,
2006.12
[ 국민행복지수 (GNH : Gross National Happiness) ]
o 1972년 부탄 제4대 국왕(Jigme Singye Wangchuck)이 경제발전은 불교적 전통
문화에 기초하여 국민의 삶의 질과 행복감을 높일 수 있는 방향으로 추진되어야
한다는 취지에서 경제적 발전만을 평가하는 GDP를 대체할 수 있는 GNH 개념
제안
o 부탄정부는 GNH를 계량적으로 측정할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였으며 2008.11월
제5대왕 즉위이후 GNH를 국가 정책의 기본틀로 채택
※ GNH의 4대 축은 (1) 평등하고 지속적인 사회경제 발전, (2) 전통가치의 보존
및 발전, (3) 자연환경의 보존, (4) 올바른 통치구조
o 제5대 국왕 취임 이후 2007.12월부터 2008.3월간 12개 행정구역에 거주하는
950명의 주민을 대상으로 9개 분야 72개 항목으로 구성된 행복지수 조사를 시행
하였으며, 동 조사결과인 GNH Index 0.812를 기준으로 GNH 향상 여부 평가
※ 부탄은 2006년 Business Week의 국민행복지수 조사에서 아시아 국가중 1위,
전세계 국가중 8위 차지
o 부탄 정부가 새로운 정책을 시행하기 위해서는 선진국의 환경영향평가와 유사한
GNH 영향평가를 거쳐야 함.

7. o 2006 12 ‘ (Jigem Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck)’
5
- 2007.1 -
(1949 ) (
) , 2008 /
III. 정 치

8. III. 정 치
1. 정치제도
.
o 1907 , 2008
o ,
o 3/4 ( 5 )
. ( / )
o (National Council)
- : 25 (20 20 1 , 5 )
- : 5
- : ,
o (National Assembly)
- : 47 (DPT 45 , PDP 2 )
※ 20개주별로 인구 비율에 따라 2~7명의 하원의원 선출, 헌법상
최대 의원수는 55명
- : 5
- : ( ),
, 5
- : 2 (1 3 ),
o
- 18 , 25 65 /
( )
. :
o 10
o ( Lyonpo)
건설부장관(Work & Human Settlement) Yeshey Zimba
경제부장관(Economic Affiars) Khandu Wangchuck
재정부장관(Finance) Wangdi Norbu
외교부장관(Foreign Affairs) Ugyen Tshering
보건부장관(Health) Zangley Dukpa
내무/문화부장관(Home & Cultural Affiars) Minjur Dorji
교육부장관(Education) Thakur Singh Powdyel
농업산림부장관(Agriculture & Forestry) Pema Gyamtsho
정보통신부장관(Information & Communication) Nandalal Rai
노동/인적자원부장관(Labour & Human Resources) Dorji Wangdi
.
o 4 (Administrative Zone; Dzongdey) ,
4 20 (District; Dzongkhag) ,
Dungkang
o (District) (Block; Gewog) ,
(Gup)
.
o , , 3
o 8 ,
4
o ( 10 ), ( 5 ), ( 10 ),
( 10 ) (National Judicial Commission)
※ 국가사법위원회 : 대법원장(위원장), 고등법원 최선임 판사, 하원 법제위원회 위원장,
법무장관으로 구성

9. o ,
.
o (Rabdey) , 5,000
,
o Je Khempo ,
2. 국내정세
. (Governance)
o 2004.11
, 2005.3
,
2008
o 2008.3.24 ( 79%) (Jigmy Thinley)
(DPT) 47 45
(Sangay Ngedup) (PDP)
※ 부탄평화번영당은 인민민주당보다 친국왕 성향으로 알려짐.
o 2008 · 2013.3
2012 ( 6 )
. ( )
o 20
, 1950
1958 ‘ ’ , 1958
10
o 1961
o 1980
‘1 1 ’
(Dzongkha) , 1985 ‘ ’
,
1988
o 1990.9 10,000
․
,
o 1991 ( ) 10
, -
- 103,000 (UNHCR ) UNHCR
, 2007
60,000 , , , , ,
10,000

10. IV. 외 교
IV. 외 교
1. 기본 외교정책
o , 1960
1971 UN
o
, (1975 ) (1951 )
2. 주요 인접국과의 관계
.
o 1949 8 - 1910
- ․
2007.1 -
(
)
o 1 ,
,
o , ULFA
( ), Bodoland KLO
(Kamatapur Liberation Organization)
,
, 2002.12
o 63.9%, 94%
(2002-07 9 5 3.8
) , , 2008

11. o Jigmy Thinley 2009.7
1 4 5
1 4 1
o Wangchuck 2011.10.23-31
( )
- (2011.10.13) ,
, ,
,
- , 2020
10,000MW
.
o - ,
※ 1959년 중국은 히말라야지역 국경지도 편찬시 부탄 영토를 중국 영토로 표시하면서
부탄이 티벳의 일부라고 주장하였고, 이에 대해 인도 네루총리는 부탄에 대한 침략은
인도에 대한 공격으로 간주할 것이라고 경고
o , 2001-02 -
o 470km 1998 ‘
’ ( 269km)
, 2005 200
20km ,
.
.
o Wangchuck - 25
2011.11.15-20 .
△ , △
, △
o (GNH),
故
o · , , ·
,
,
.
o ,
- 1993 - ( , , ,
4 )
3. 대외관계에 있어서의 특성
o 2007.1 -
,
- ․
(1962 ), (1967 ), UN(1971 ), ESCAP(1972
), (1973 )
- 33
, , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,

12. , , (EU)
o ‘ ’(SAARC)
- ,
2010.4 (Thimpu) SAARC
V. 경 제

13. V. 경 제
1. 개관
o , 1961
․ , , 5
2. 부탄의 산업구조
o 2011 (GDP) 18.3 ,
19.0%, 2 40.6%, 40.4%
o ,
65% , ( , , ,
) ( , )
o 2
,
1
[ 연도별 산업비중의 변화 ]
2007년 2008년 2009년 2010년
1차산업 20.5% 20.7% 20.5% 19.0%
2차산업 42.3% 40.9% 39.7% 40.6%
(제조업) (25.0%) (8.5%) (6.9%) (20.2%)
3차산업 37.3% 38.4% 39.8% 40.4%
(출처 : 부탄국가통계 2011)
[ 부탄의 수력발전 ]
o 부탄은 험준한 산악지역이 국토의 대부분을 차지하고 있는 지리적 특성으로 인해
약 30,000MW의 수력발전 잠재력 보유하고 있으며, 상업적으로 개발 가능한 수력
발전 용량은 23,760MW
o 2008년 현재 Tala 수력발전소(발전용량 1,020 MW)를 포함하여 발전잠재력의
6.3%인 1,497MW만이 개발된 상태
o 부탄에서 생산되는 수력발전 잉여전력의 대부분은 인도로 수출되고 있으며, 부탄과
인도는 2020년까지 10,000MW의 발전 용량을 갖추기 위하여 10개의 수력발전소를
추가 건립하는 프로젝트 진행중(2008년 인도 싱 총리 부탄방문시 합의)
o , , Ferro Silicon, Calcium Carbide,
o 3 ( ) ,
- 2010 27,195 , 24%
.
3. 최근 경제현황
o , 2007 20%
GDP , 2011 8.1%( ) GDP
- 2007 Tala ( 1,020MW) (2008.4
)
[ GDP 성장률 ]
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
6.4% 17.9% 4.7% 6.7% 11.8%
(부탄 회계년도(7월~익년 6월) 기준, 출처 : 부탄국가통계 2011)

14. o
- ( , 60%),
(Ferro-silicon), Calcium Carbide, (copper wire), ,
(82%), (11.5%), (4.7%) (2010 ,
5.08 )
- , , , ,
(79%), 한국(5.4%), (2.6%), (2.4%), (2.3%) (2010
, 7.86 )
o 10 5 (2008-13) ,
, , ,
.
- , , ,
(reconstruction), (disaster risk reduction),
(earthquake programmes) .
※ 부탄은 2009.9월 진도 6.3규모의 지진 발생
- (
) , ,
[ 제10차 경제개발 5개년 계획 ]
o 기본원칙 : 국민행복지수(Gross National Happiness : GNH)의 근간이 되는 평등
하고 지속적인 사회경제 발전, 전통가치의 보존 및 발전, 자연환경의
보존, 올바른 통치구조(Good Governance)의 4대 원칙에 근거한 발전
o 주요 목표 : 빈곤감소(빈곤선 이하의 국민 비율을 31.7% → 20% 로 감소)
o 주요 전략 : 농촌개발, 지역 균형 개발, 민간분야 발전, 사회간접자본 구축
4. 對부탄의 개발원조 현황
o OECD DAC( )
(LDC : Least Developed Countries) , 2005-10 17,500
o
, 10
9%

15. VI. 교육/종교/문화/관광/군사
VI. 교육 / 종교 / 문화 / 관광 / 군사
1. 교육
o
- 1950
, 2009 388
- 1961 1 5
․ , 11
( 7 , 4 )
(11~12 )
- Royal University of Bhutan
- 1,299 17 6 (2008 )
※ 2000년 재학생수 11만8천명
o
- 500 UNDP
- ,
o 2003 Royal University of Bhutan
- 11 , 5 800
2. 종교
o :
- ( )
- A.D. 8
- A.D. 13 ,
o ( 25%)

16. o ․
- ․ .
- ․ ‘ ’
o
3. 문화
o ,
TV 1999
o Kuensel( ), Bhutan Times Bhutan Observer
( 2006.4 ) , TV (BBS)
o 1989 ( Gho / Kira)
Dzongkha ( )
4. 관광정책
o ,
o 1 250 ( , , )
(Tariff, 3 )
[ 연도별 관광객 및 관광수입 현황 ]
2006년 2007년 2008년 2009년 2010년
관광객 수(명) 17,342 21,094 27,636 23,480 27,195
관광수입(백만US$) 23.92 29.85 38.83 31.88 35.98
(출처 : 부탄국가통계 2011)
5. 군사
o : 6,000 2,000
- ‘ ’ ‘ '(Lungthenphu)
o
- ,
- ,
o
-
- -

17. VII. 한-부탄 관계 개요
IV. 한-부탄 관계 개요
1. 한-부탄 관계
o 1987.9 ( )
- :
※ 부탄은 방글라데시 주재 부탄대사가 한국 겸임
o
-
-
.
o ( : )
연도 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
수출 1,914 3,087 1,821 3,132 4,492 6,476 13,016
수입 339 36 0 21 40 13 21
- : ,
- :
-
o
- 1991~2009 , (150 )
290 ( 123 , 4 ( ),
2 )
※ 2006년초 KOICA 무상원조가 소액․다국가(약 130여개국) 지원방식에서 중점협력국가
지원방식으로 전환되면서 대부탄 무상원조 중단
- 2008 KOICA SAARC
12~20 (2011 12 )
※ 2011년 기준 SAARC外 연수 : 다국가 기본연수 21명, 콜롬보 플랜 등 공동연수 6명

18. - 2009.5 Ailia 12 1,700
(10 )
(2009.11 )
o
- /
연 도 2006 2007 2008 2009
아국인 부탄 입국(명) 130 325 246 194
부탄인 아국 입국(명) 36 37 62 68
-
7 ( )
, 20
(2012.5 ).
2. 명예영사 현황
.
o : 1986-99
- 1985-86 (ADB)
(5 ) ( ) ,
,
( )
- ,
2005 Jigme Tshultim (
) ‘
(2001 )’
(Thimpu) , 5~10
o ( ) : 2000-
- 1983 Dasho Ugen Dorji(4 )
, 1983 -
2000
.
o Topgyal Dorji Bhutan Ferro Alloys Limited : 1992-
- 1987-92 (Dasho Ugen Dorji)
3. 양국간 주요 현안
. UN
o 2013-14
o , ▲
(keen)
, ▲
, ▲
.
o 2010.11
o (2 ) ,
(BBS) ( )
(2011.5 )
4. 양국 민간 협력
o - (KBCF : Korea-Bhutan Cooperation Foundation)

19. - Lhatu Wangchuk ( ) 1999
, 1999.8 -
(KBCF : Korea-Bhutan Cooperation Foundation)
- 2000-08 33 ,
KBCF
, KBCF
o NGO
- 2008.9 MoU
- ODA
(FVRD : Focus Village Rural Development)
Samcholing
※ 2009년부터 2011년까지 농림부 ODA 예산 3억 7천만원 지원 (현재 예산지원 종료)
5. 주요인사 교류
.
1991. 7
1991.10
1992. 5
1997. 3 ( )
1998. 6 ( )
1999. 5 ( )
1999.10 ( )
2002. 6 ( )
2003.11 ( )
2004. 7 ( )
2005. 5
2006. 5
2007. 7 ( )
2008.11 ( )
2009.11 ( )
2010. 4 ( 16 SAARC )
2010.11 ( )
2011. 3 (COP18 )
2011. 5 (COP18 )
2011. 10 ( )
.
1985.10 Tshering (IMF )
1986. 9 Tshering ( )
1987. 4 Tshering
1988. 4 Tshering
1990~96 Tshering ( )
1998.10 Thinley (UNDP Regional Millennium )
2002. 5 Lhatu Wangchuk ( )
2002. 9 K. Wangchuk ( )
2004. 3 Nado Rinchhen (UNEP 8
)
2004. 9 Kuenlay Tshering ( 9 )
2004.10 Karma Dorjee ( )
2005.10 Jigme Tshultim ( )
2007. 3 Damcho Dorji
2007. 6 Leki Dorji (ACD )
2010.10 Bob Kesang ( )
2010.10 Jigmy Y. Thinley ( 4 UN
),

20. 주요 인사 약력
Wangchuck 부탄 제5대 국왕
o Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
o 1980. 2. 21
o : 4 Jigme Singye Wangchuck
3 Tshering Yangdon
o Yangchenphu ( )
o Philips Academy, Cushing Academy
Wheaton College
o Oxfort Magdalen College
o 5 ( Druk Gyalpo)
o 2005 4 Jigme Singye Wangchuck 2008
o 4 2006.12.14 5
Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
o 2008.11.6 Patil
o (2011.10.13), : Jetsun Pema Wangchuck
o 2007.1 -
(1949 ) (
)
o 2007.12 , 2008.3 ( )
o

21. Thinley 총리
o Lyonchen Jigmi Y. Thinley
※ Lyonchen은 총리라는 의미의 Title
o 1952.9.9
o
o (MPA)
o (2008.4 ~), Druk Phuensum Tshogpa(DPT)
※ DPT : Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party
o 2008.3~ Chairman, Tourism Council of Bhutan
o 2008.5~ Chirman, Gross National Happiness Commission
o 2009.5~ Chairman, Ugyen Wangchuck Institute of Conservation
and Environment
o 2003~07
o 2003~04
o 1998~03
※ 동 기간중인 98~99년간 내각 위원장(총리 해당) 겸임
o 1998~99 ( )
o 1994-98 UN / /EU/
/ / /
o 1993~94
o 1989~90
o 1987~89
o 1986~87
o DPT
o (3)
o 1980.10 UNDP Regional Millenium
o 2010.10 4 UN
o , ,
Tshering 외교장관
o Lyonpo Ugyen Tshering
※ Lyonpo는 경칭
o 1954. 8.8
o U.C.
o (Minister of Foreign Affairs)
o 2008.4 ~
o 2009~07
o 1998~03
o 1989~98 (Permanent Mission of Bhutan)
o 1978~89 ( : Director )
o 2010.4 ~
o 1985-88, 1995-96 1

22. Dorji 내무 문화 장관
o Lyonpo Munjur Dorji
※ Lyonpo는 경칭
o 1960.7.15
o (Commerce)
o (PG in Auditing)
o (Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs)
o 2008.4 ~
o 2008.3
o 2006 DPT
o 2003~06 Mongar Dzongda( )
o 1986~99 ( : Auditor General )
o DPT
o
Penjo 외교차관