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Works Cited
Shaw, Jessica. “She Made It after All.” Entertainment Weekly,
no. 208, Feb. 1994, p. 64. EBSCOhost,
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Section:
ENCORE
SHE MADE IT AFTER ALL
Career women lost a role model when 'The Mary Tyler
Moore Show' ended 17 years ago
Timing might be everything in a sitcom, but The Mary Tyler
Moore Show's final bow was not quite
on cue. "I don't think it came at the right time for the show and
most of the actors, but it was
certainly the right time for the writers," says Moore. Though the
show still commanded a big
audience after debuting on CBS in 1970, writers James L.
Brooks, Stan Daniels, and Ed.
Weinberger were setting out to make movies. And so, on Feb. 4,
1977, the cast taped the final
episode. "I sort of felt like I was being evicted from my home,"
says Moore, 56.
Using the graceful, subtle humor that earned the series 27
Emmys, "The Last Show" story line
centered on the station manager's decision to fire Lou (Ed
Asner), Murray (Gavin MacLeod), Sue
Ann (Betty White), and Mary while keeping the fatuous Ted
(Ted Knight) as the anchor. Old friends
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Rhoda (Valerie Harper) and Phyllis (Cloris Leachman) stood by
Mary's side when she returned
home with her pink slip. In her final, tear-jerking speech, Mary
thanked the clan for being a family
while supporting her commitment to life as a career woman.
With those words, the writers summed up the movement that
had begun in 1970 when Moore,
who'd played the domesticated Laura Petrie on The Dick Van
Dyke Show, became a liberated,
single career woman, quietly battling for equal treatment in the
workplace. "She was a woman who
stood up for herself whenever she spotted any inequity, but who
wasn't going to push it to the
edge," says Moore. "She made little squeaks and noises and was
among the first to do so."
Those sounds reverberated, eventually leading to such
characters as Murphy Brown (who, Moore
says, is "the female Lou Grant") and Roseanne Conner. MTM
also spawned spin-offs Rhoda,
Phyllis, and Lou Grant. MacLeod captained the Love Boat, and

Knight starred in Too Close for
Comfort before passing away in 1986. Moore recently
completed an exercise video and is at work
on her autobiography.
More than two decades after MTM made it cool to stay home
and watch TV on Saturday night, the
series is experiencing a popularity rebirth. Nick at Nite runs
back-to-back episodes every
weeknight, and the opening sequence has inspired imitators
from RuPaul, in his video
"Supermodel," to Oprah, who tossed her hat in the air on a
recent show. Even in TV, true class has
a timeless quality that can overcome even the widest of bell-
bottoms.
PHOTO (BLACK & WHITE): TEAM EFFORT: The group hug
in the WJM newsroom marked the
end of an era. From left: Betty White, Gavin MacLeod, Ed
Asner, Mary Tyler Moore, and Ted
Knight.
TIME CAPSULE Feb. 4, 1977
Mary MacGregor's "Torn Between Two Lovers" was No. 1 on
the charts. Rocky was going strong
after having grabbed the Golden Globe for Best Picture.
American Bandstand celebrated its 25th
anniversary.
~~~~~~~~
By Jessica Shaw
© Entertainment Weekly Inc. 1994. All rights reserved. No part
of this material may be duplicated
or redisseminated without permission.

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punctuation guidelines.
Works Cited
Grace, Kevin Michael. “Mary Tyler Moore: TV Revolutionary
and a Feminist Icon--but Passive
Aggressive.” Alberta Report / Newsmagazine, vol. 25, no. 45,
Oct. 1998, p. 30. EBSCOhost,
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Section:
GALAXY 500
MARY TYLER MOORE: TV REVOLUTIONARY AND A
FEMINIST ICON--BUT PASSIVE
AGGRESSIVE
As fans of The Mary Tyler Moore Show fondly remember, Mary
Richards' gruff but lovable boss
Lou Grant once snapped at her, "You've got spunk." He paused,
and then added, "I hate spunk."
He didn't mean it, of course. Who could resist Mary, the girl
who could not only turn the world on

with her smile, but who could take a nothing day and suddenly
make it all seem worthwhile?
Certainly not the public, who made her 1970-1977 sitcom a
perennial Top 10 hit, and not the
editors of Entertainment Weekly, who, in a new book, have
judged Mary Tyler Moore the greatest
TV show ever.
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MTM (right): Turned the world on with her smile.
Mary Tyler Moore was intelligent, witty and often laugh-out-
loud funny. But the best TV ever?
Better than Seinfeld or The Simpsons or The Twilight Zone or I
Love Lucy or The Larry Sanders
Show? I detect the dread hand of the boomers at work. Mary
Tyler Moore is Entertainment
Weekly's best show for the same reason Fleetwood Mac's
Rumours is Bill and Hillary Clinton's
favourite record-'70s nostalgia. Bliss it was in that dawn to be
alive! Don't stop thinking about
tomorrow? The boomers prefer to think about yesterday. Love
was all around, and it was still free;

no one needed Viagra, and sexual harassment was merely a
gleam in Andrea Dworkin's eye. The
boomers were going to make the world a better place and have
fun doing it. And Mary Richards
was a fellow-traveller.
The popular image of Mary Richards as goody two-shoes makes
us forget just how revolutionary
Mary Tyler Moore was. Single women were rare on TV in 1970;
single women who didn't endlessly
scheme to land a husband were almost unheard of. Mary needed
a man like a fish needs a
bicycle-she didn't hate men, but neither did she need them to
"validate her self-esteem."
Mary Richards was the first TV career woman who wasn't a
caricature-and more important, the
first TV woman to enjoy guilt-free fornication. She was the
acceptable face of "women's liberation."
It's fitting Mary Tyler Moore reruns have become a staple of the
feminist Women's Television
Network.
If Mary Tyler Moore defined the '70s, then Seinfeld (No. 2 on
the Entertainment Weekly list)
defines the '90s. It would be easy enough to say that these
shows are as alike as chalk and
cheese. Mary's pals were "nice"; Jerry's "nasty." But let's face
it-were Jerry, George, Elaine and
Kramer any more loathsome than Mary, Rhoda, Phyllis, Lou,
Murray and Ted? I don't think so.

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Consider the evidence. Rhoda: a malicious misanthrope. Phyllis:
self-deluded and snide. Lou: a
blustering coward. Murray: consumed with envy. Ted: vain and
venal. And then there's Mary, who
just couldn't stop giving.
That kind of help I don't need. Mary was what psychologists
call "passive aggressive." Incapable of
true selflessness, she was like the mosquito which inserts its
poison after drinking your blood,
always making sure her benefactors knew just how inconvenient
her charity was. But she was
"nice." And so was everyone else on TV in those pre-Seinfeld
days-nice by convention.
Until Jerry and his pals redrew the sitcom boundaries television
viewers were willing participants in
a big con. For decades we were manipulated into believing that
the folks who made us laugh every
week were, deep down, good people, despite appearances to the
contrary.
(Cheers, the No. 4-rated show on the Entertainment Weekly list,
is perhaps the last major hit that
traded on this nasty niceness. Sam Malone's bar may have been
the place "where everyone
knows your name," but would you want them to? Honestly,
wouldn't you cross the street to avoid
any of these jerks?)

Seinfeld's success took everyone by surprise, not least Mr.
Seinfeld himself. A No. 1 show in which
the characters, even the lead character, were not only wicked
but positively revelled in it? Until
Seinfeld, the sitcom rule was firm. Wickedness was permitted,
so long as good triumphed and the
malefactors were punished. But television was behind the curve.
Seinfeld was the perfect
expression of the zeitgeist. In the relentlessly ironic '90s no one
expects good to triumph. If it does,
we are likely to sneer.
Seinfeld proved that no matter how awful TV characters are,
audiences will embrace them, so long
as they're funny. This is yet another proof of Marshall
McLuhan's theory that television is a "cool"
medium. Jerry, George and Kramer wouldn't last a minute in the
movies-they're too ugly (too
"hot"). Yet on the small screen, with its low-definition
information, they became larger than life-
lovable even.
Over the years it became obvious that this lovability factor was
infuriating Larry Charles, Seinfeld's
co-creator, and George's alter ego. No matter how far he pushed
the boundaries of tastelessness,
America still clasped Jerry's kids to its bosom. Finally, in an act
unparalleled since Conan Doyle
killed off Sherlock Holmes, Mr. Charles not only killed off his
creations, he tried them, found them
guilty, and then consigned them to Hell. This savage moralism
went all but unnoticed. Critics and
viewers alike shook their heads and asked, "Hey! What
happened to the jokes?"
Mary Richards wasn't killed off. She was laid off. After seven

years of loyal service to WJM-TV, she
was left a middle-aged career woman without a job,
husbandless, childless, without even a cat for
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company. I guess she never really made it after all.
~~~~~~~~
By Kevin Michael Grace
Copyright of Alberta Report / Newsmagazine is the property of
United Western Communications
Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple
sites or posted to a listserv without
the copyright holder's express written permission. However,
users may print, download, or email
articles for individual use.
1. What are your ideas for your Research Topic inspired by
Jacqueline Woodson’s Another
Brooklyn?
Women’s Rights Movement and how Mary Tyler Moore (The

Show) helped.
2. Why are you interested in this research? What does it matter
to you?
Women’s Rights is an interesting topic for me I’ve always been
interested in this particular topic.
I don’t have a specific reason, but maybe because of the lack of
women’s rights in the Middle
East.
3. What is the purpose of your research? What question(s) do
you want to answer?
The purpose of this research is to show women’s power and
inspire other. The questions I’d like
to answer are:
-When and how did the movement started?
-Who started it?
-How did Mary Tyler Moore helped (The Show) changed women
perspective about themselves?
-How did it change the US?
-What rights did women accomplished?
-How is it different from now?
4. What are the key words you will use to research your topic?
List the words:

-Women’s Rights Movement
-Mary Tyler Moore
-Women’s rights
5. What is your working thesis?
Women’s rights movement is important because it promotes
women engagement in political
affairs, sensitizes on social relations and promotes gender
equality.
6. What ‘Pattern of Organization’ do you envision as best-suited
for your paper? (Note
these ‘Pattern of Organization’ for your research will also be
reviewed in class)
Problem and solution.
7. What are likely sources of information (peer-reviewed
academic journals, major general
interest newspaper geared toward college educated audience
include: New York Times,
Washington Post, Bloomberg Business, Time Magazine, TRADE
Publications focused
on

your filed? LIST AT LEAST THREE sources, include data and
author or authority:
● Baxter, Judith. Positioning Gender In Discourse. Palgrave
Macmillan, 2003.
● Hollows, Joanne. Feminism, Femininity, And Popular Culture
. : Manchester University
Press., 2000.
● Klein, Allison. What Would Murphy Brown Do? . Seal Press,
2006.
● Porizkova, Paulina. "America Made Me A Feminist." The
New York Times , 2017,
Accessed 15 Nov 2018.
8. What are your concerns (personal and/or professional) as you
approach this project?
The key personal concerns are;
Is the government doing enough towards the women’s rights
movement sustainability?
Are women engaged in these movements as much as they
should?
What is the role of institutions in fostering women rights?

Shehanh Alghamdi
Professor Bock
EN 102
November 15, 2018
Annotated Bibliography:
Women’s Rights Movement and how Mary Tyler Moore Show
helped
Positioning Gender In Discourse
Baxter, Judith. Positioning Gender In Discourse. Palgrave
Macmillan, 2003.
This book looks into a new approach of studying a
discourse in public settings where
either males or females become powerful or powerless and that
the situation changes in no given
time. This approach, Feminist Post-structural Discourse
Analysis has however proven that
women are still viewed as the minority in their speeches and are
shown how powerless they are.
The book reveals how the object of public discussions
and interaction are formed and

how the speaker's form their identities in relation to gender and
power and that the females are
demonstrated to be powerless in settings that are mixed. The
analysis takes into consideration
interactions of how institutions shape them both in the
cooperate and even n classes.
1.“In this book power is conceptualize as Foucauldian sense not
as a possession in somebody’s
hand but as a net-like organization.”(Baxter, 8)The power an
individual gets is seen to start down
from the organizations that people grow up in. Most of which
tend to reflect that men are more
powerful and given more platform than women. Organizations
should instill values that nurture
equal opportunities to both genders and try eliminating public
tension in gatherings.
2.“…there might be dominant discourses constructing
stereotypical assumptions about
masculinity, feminism and binary gender differences…”
(Baxter, 8)The inequalities happening in
communities are all stereotypical in that people assume because
one is a woman they are

supposed to do or not do certain things. These are what make
people view each other differently
and when one does not follow that trend are seen as rebels
3. “Like post-structuralism feminism draws a small but
thorough theoretical
tradition.”(Baxter,4)Theories are a basis of the social sciences
where teachings are drawn from
them. Like any other topic, feminism has its basis on traditional
theories that may not be hugely
impacting but are very thorough in explaining issues in the
community. Feminism theories, in
this book especially, explain how the deep-rooted problems of
inequality have evolved and are
not new to society. Although some of these theories do not look
into the different causes of
discourse in society.
Femininity, And Popular Culture
Hollows, Joanne. Feminism, Femininity, And Popular Culture. :
Manchester University Press.,
2000.

This text upholds feminists from the 1960s and
expresses the issue of New-Wave
Feminism in that the early feminists gave the basis for the
recent ones to fight. Earlier on the
women in society fought and used to show each other how
important they are. They fought for
issues in society about personal development compared to the
new-wave feminists who fought
for equality between men and women and freedoms from the
laws.
However, the book suggests how feminist can be viewed
differently as a weakness or
should women accept their femini. It shows how some feminists
see that the fight of feminist can
only be won by excluding the feminine part and accepting
masculinity. However, transforming
the whole society as a whole is key for feminists.
1. “Second wave feminism is seen as a product of the
past.”(Hollows,2). Before the 1960s
women were being mistreated and they found it unpleasing
hence they started to fight for what
they wanted. The difference is that the women then and those
who are advocating now are for

different opinions, but all the feminists that are known had built
their basis on these traditional
ones. If the women in those early times did not rise to fight for
what they wanted women would
not have gotten the motivation to do so.
2.“Many women began to value each other and be proud to be
women.”(Hollows 3)
For women to have begun noticing that they were mistreated
they had to accept who they are.
These early feminists knew that the most certain way was to
show how valued they are and
helped other women who did not think in the same direction.
This helped them come into terms
with their feminist and fight towards a good course. Women in
this century should follow the
same, they should not see themselves as any lesser, and they
should empower one another in this.
3.“…equality between men and women might be achieved if
women rejected feminine behavior

in favor of masculine values and behaviors.”(Hollows 10). This
statement may be seen as true or
false according to the way one views it. It is a contradictory
statement bringing into account that
may be equality will not be achieved unless all people became
of the same behaviors and values.
Eliminating feminine values and accepting masculinity only
shows how much women have not
accepted themselves, fear is still in them and the stereotypes
that men are better than them.
Feminists should work to enhance that the knowledge and
acceptance of women are widely
spread, and women are shown their best values and work on
them.
What Would Murphy Brown Do?Seal Press
Klein, Allison. What Would Murphy Brown Do? . Seal Press,
2006.
The writer of this book incites how she grew up in front
of the television while as she
went to school to although most of her time was on the screen.

She shows how television helped
she who she has and that it is evident that many women have
been helped by television sitcoms
and shows express their reality. A show like Mary Tyler Moore
revealed a fictional character that
most women could relate to and suggested that it was okay to be
old and single and even
divorced.
She also compares how during her mother’s generation
things were different compared to
her generation in that even the role models were male-
dominated compared to her having
females as people she could look up to. She feels television
plays a major role in expressing
feminism and shaping women in general.
1.“But TV is an important part of my life and has helped shape
my sensibility.”(Klein 1).
Television has been viewed by some as something that enhances
anti-social behavior where one
spends more time watching than taking part in the social
gathering. However, this article shows
how important television is and played an important role. The
same way, in this century, social

media should be used wisely by spreading messages of
empowerment about feminism rather
than negative comments.
2.“She and other historians have noted that without the
restrictive and sometimes ridiculous
images of early television, women wouldn’t have found the fuel
that ignited the feminist
movement.”(Klein 1). Although television shows were
restrictive in what it aired, women could
relate to what they saw in the television shows. Mary Moore
was one which impacted many
women at the time, and it still does by bringing into character
women that could not be
envisioned in society. Realities were exposed which helped to
empower women and how they
could solve some problems. Such platforms are important, and
restrictions should be raised to
enable more openness and airing of reality.
3. “She’d grow up with posters of male celebrities on her walls;
I grew up with female

ones.”(Klein 3). Role models are important in the lives of
people as we often look at how people
did some things and we follow. However, before the 1980s
women were not given priority as
men were. Women were not seen as achievers compared to men
and society was looking upon
them. However, shifts have occurred as women are coming up
doing what men could have done
without fear and transforming societies at large.
America Made Me A Feminist
Porizkova, Paulina. "America Made Me A Feminist." The New
York Times , 2017.
The opinion essay was written by a former model who slowly
transforms into a feminist
after being married to an American man. She had moved from
Czechoslovakia and was bullied
in a Swedish school. The way women were treated in Sweden
differed from how they were in
Paris and in America. She came to realize how the women in
America were controlled by their

men, social groups and the government and wanted to use her
former experiences to being a
feminist and be able to stand for her.
1.“It didn’t take long to understand that in Sweden, my power
was suddenly equal to a boy’s.”
The way societies are shaped enable behavior in different
people and how one reacts. The way
the children are brought also matters as that is the basis of their
reactions to some issues. In a
society where one does not react well to inequality and
condones it then children will grow u to
know that is how it should be instead of fighting it they will do
nothing.
2.“Instead of feeling celebrated, I felt patronized.” This article
showed how women would be
seen as sex puppets and would be praised for that. They would
be treated well, but it made them
feel like they are worthless and did not bring a sense of joy in
that. Women should be praised for
their achievement and should always be treated good and not
only when something is needed
from them.

3.“In America, important men were desirable. Important women
had to be desirable.” In
America men who were successful were seen as important
automatically without any effort.
Women, however, had to show their efforts, fight for them to be
recognized and for people to see
them as desirable.

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