This Ppt about the concept of Moral and Consequence by Immanuel Kant and the concise notion of human dignity, Categorical imperative by storytelling approach.

1. Moral & Consequence
What Matters is The Motive
BY
Immanuel Kant

2. Introduction:
Presenter:
Kabir (chapter – 05)
Yna & Ahnjang soon (chapter – 06)

3. Key focused areas in Chapter:
5
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) offers an alternative account of duties and rights,
one of the most powerful and influential accounts any philosopher has
produced.
Immanuel Kant’s Groundwork takes up a big question: What is the supreme
principle of morality? And in the course of answering that question, it
addresses another hugely important one: What is freedom?
And in association with the word "freedom", some other topics are also
discussed in this chapter which are as follows:
 Maximizing Happiness.
 What is Freedom?
 What is Moral & Look for the Motive.
 Categorical Imperative.

4. Maximizing Happiness.
Kant said that if something gives many
people pleasure doesn’t make it right.
(Ex: trolley) Kant argues that every
person is worthy of respect, not
because we own ourselves but because
we are rational beings, capable of
reason; we are also autonomous beings,
capable of acting and choosing freely.
And when reason governs our will, we
are not driven by the desire to seek
pleasure and avoid pain.

5. What is Freedom?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEoTfUF1ZJw

6. Suppose that I fall (or am pushed) from the
Empire State Building. As I hurtle toward the
earth, no one would say that I am acting freely;
my movement is governed by the law of
gravity. Now suppose I land on another person
and kill that person. I would not be morally
responsible for the unfortunate death, would
be morally responsible if it fell from a great
height and hit someone on the head. In this
case is the falling object—me acting freely.
The falling object is governed by the law of
gravity. Since there is no autonomy, there can
be no moral responsibility.
What is Freedom?

7. The shopkeeper and the child.
A prudent shopkeeper. An inexperienced customer, say, a
child, goes into a grocery store to buy a loaf of bread. The
grocer could overcharge him—charge him more than the
usual price for a loaf of bread—and the child would not
know. But the grocer realizes that, if others discovered he
took advantage of the child in this way, word might spread
and hurt his business. For this reason, he decides not to
overcharge the child. He charges him the usual price.
What is Moral & Look for
the Motive.
What do you think, the shopkeeper’s
action is moral?

8. What is Moral & Look for the
Motive.
Answer:
So the shopkeeper does the right thing, but for the
wrong reason. The only reason he deals honestly with
the child is to protect his reputation. The shopkeeper
acts honestly only for the sake of self-interest; the
shopkeeper’s action lacks moral worth.
Kant believed that:
Honesty from Heart = Moral.
Moral based on Motive.
Generally,
motive = curiosity + experimentation.

9. Categorical Imperative.
“A moral law that is unconditional or absolute … the
validity or claim of which does not depend on any
ulterior motive or end “If the action is good of itself,
independent of its outcome it is categorical For
example, “Thou shalt not steal,” is categorical whereas
“If you want a good business reputation, then don’t
shortchange your customers” is an hypothetical
imperative. If you want x, do y – its means end reason.
Formulation of Categorical imperative by Kant:
1. Universalize your Maxim – Universalize your law.
&
2. Treat a Person as Ends – not as means

10. Kantianism and
Libertarianism
Utilitarianism Kantianism
Based on consequences. Based on universal law.
Core is Utility. Individual respect.
Allow lying and stealing as
long as they produce the best
consequence for everyone.
Accept misleading truth
and but not stealing.
Focused on collective
happiness.
Based on individual
human dignity.
Kantianism Libertarianism
Believe in individual Mainly consider individual
Individual dignity. Individual right
No binding by law. Individual’s are not binds by
law.
Kantianism vs
Utilitarianism
So the equation is
Kantianism disagree Utilitarianism
 Utilitarianism disagree Libertinism
Kantianism agree Libertinism.

11. Don’t forget
• No consequences
• Human dignity
• Rational being
• Categorical imperative.