2. INTRODUCTION
PHARMACEUTICAL AEROSOLS are pressurized dosage forms containing
one or more active ingredients which upon actuation emit a fine dispersion of
liquid and/or solid materials in a gaseous medium.
Aerosol are based on the principle of reversible change of the state on the
application and release of pressure.
In 1942- First aerosol was developed.
In 1950- Pharmaceutical aerosol for topical administration was developed
In 1955- Aerosol for the local activity in the respiratory tract was developed
(Epinepherine).
5. Components of aerosols
Propellant
Container
Valve and actuator
Product concentrate
Propellants: Agents which
develop proper pressure within
the container and provide driving
force to expel products from it is
known as propellant.
• Gases exist
as liquid
under
pressure
Liquefied
gases
propellants
• Some
gases fills
under
pressure
Compressed
gases
propellants
8. AEROSOL CONTAINER
Container must withstand pressure as high as 140-180 psig (pound per second inch)
at 130 °F/70 °C
Should be made up of-
A. Metals:
Tinplate steel
Aluminum
Stainless steel
B. Glass:
Preferred due to its aesthetic value and absence of
Incompatibilities.
Bears pressure up to 33 psig .
Used for topical and MDI aerosols.
9. ACTUATORS
Ensure that aerosol product is delivered in proper and desired form.
Types of actuators:
a) Spray Actuators:
Used forTopical Preparations such as antiseptic.
Local Anesthetics and foot preparation.
(5-35micrometer.) (0.029- 0.069 inch).
b) Foam Actuators: having large orifice ranges from 0.070- 0.0125 inch.
c) Special actuators: Used for throat, nose, dental etc.
FOR THROAT FOR NASAL FOR DENTAL