2. INTRODUCTION
QUANTUM COMPUTING
Quantum computing is a rapidly-
emerging technology that
harnesses the laws of quantum
mechanics to solve problems too
complex for classical computers.
Quantum computing
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Reference from :https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-quantum-computin
3. INTRODUCTION
QUANTUM COMPUTING
Today, IBM company and another companyes makes
real quantum hardware a tool scientists only began
to imagine three decades ago available to hundreds
of thousands of developers.
There company’s engineers deliver ever-more-
powerful superconducting quantum processors at
regular intervals, alongside crucial advances in
software and quantum-classical orchestration. This
work drives toward the quantum computing speed
and capacity necessary to change the world.
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4. ABOUT QUANTUM
MECHANICS
Quantum mechanics is a branch of physics
that explores the physical world at a most
fundamental level. At this level, particles behave
differently from the classical world taking more
than one state at the same time and interacting
with other particles that are very far away.
Phenomena like superposition and entanglement
take place
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Reference from:https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/73811
5. HISTORY OF QUANTUM
COMPUTING
Quantum computers were proposed in the
1980s by Richard Feynman and Yuri Manin.
The intuition behind quantum computing
stemmed from what was often seen as one
of the greatest embarrassments of physics:
remarkable scientific progress faced with an
inability to model even simple systems.
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Reference from:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/quantum/concepts-
overview
6. WHY DO WE NEED
QUANTUM COMPUTERS?
• For some problems, supercomputers
aren’t that super.
• When scientists and engineers
encounter difficult problems, they
turn to supercomputers. These are
very large classical computers, often
with thousands of classical CPU and
GPU cores. However, even
supercomputers struggle to solve
certain kinds of problems.
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7. WHY DO WE NEED
QUANTUM COMPUTERS?
If a supercomputer gets stumped, that's
probably because the big classical machine was
asked to solve a problem with a high degree of
complexity. When classical computers fail, it's
often due to complexity Complex problems are
problems with lots of variables interacting in
complicated ways. Modeling the behavior of
individual atoms in a molecule is a complex
problem, because of all the different electrons
interacting with one another. Sorting out the
ideal routes for a few hundred tankers in a
global shipping network is complex too.
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8. QUANTUM COMPUTING
APPLICATION IN THE REAL
WORLD
• Artificial Intelligence & Machine
Learning:-
Artificial intelligence and
machine learning are some of the prominent areas
right now, as the emerging technologies have
penetrated almost every aspect of humans’ lives.
• Weather Forecasting:-
Currently, the process of
analysing weather conditions by traditional computers
can sometimes take longer than the weather itself
does to change but in this terms quantum computer is
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9. QUANTUM COMPUTING
APPLICATION IN THE REAL
WORLD
• Drug Design & Development:-
Designing and developing a
drug is the most challenging problem in quantum
computing
• Cybersecurity & Cryptography:-
The online security
space currently has been quite vulnerable due to
the increasing number of cyber-attacks occurring
across the globe, on a daily basis
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10. QUANTUM COMPUTING
APPLICATION IN THE REAL
WORLD
• Financial Modelling:-
For a finance industry to find
the right mix for fruitful investments based on
expected returns, the risk associated, and other
factors are important to survive in the market.
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11. WHY QUANTUM COMPUTERS
ARE FASTER
• Let's look at example that shows how
quantum computers can succeed where
classical computers fail
• A supercomputer might be great at
difficult tasks like sorting through a big
database of protein sequences, but it
will struggle to see the subtle patterns
in that data that determine how those
proteins behave.
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12. WHY QUANTUM COMPUTERS
ARE FASTER
• Proteins are long strings of amino acids that
become useful biological machines when
they fold into complex shapes. Figuring out
how proteins will fold is a problem with
important implications for biology and
medicine.
• A classical supercomputer might try to fold a
protein with brute force, leveraging its many
processors to check every possible way of
bending the chemical chain before arriving
at an answer
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13. HOW DO QUANTUM COMPUTERS
WORK?
Quantum computers are elegant machines,
smaller and requiring less energy than
supercomputers. An Quantum processor is a
wafer not much bigger than the one found in a
laptop. And a quantum hardware system is
about the size of a car, made up mostly of
cooling systems to keep the superconducting
processor at its ultra-cold operational
temperature.
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14. HOW DO QUANTUM COMPUTERS
WORK?
A classical processor uses bits to perform its
operations. A quantum computer uses qubits
(CUE-bits) to run multidimensional quantum
algorithms.
Superfluids:-
Your desktop computer likely uses a
fan to get cold enough to work.Our quantum
processors need to be very cold – about a
hundredth of a degree above absolute zero
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15. HOW DO QUANTUM COMPUTERS
WORK?
Superconductors:-
At those ultra-low temperatures certain
materials in our processors exhibit another important quantum
mechanical effect: electrons move through them without
resistance. This makes them “superconductors.”
Control:-
Our quantum computers use Josephson junctions as
superconducting qubits.
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16. HOW DO QUANTUM
COMPUTERS WORK?
Superposition:-
A qubit itself isn't very useful. But it can
perform an important trick: placing the quantum information it
holds into a state of superposition, which represents a
combination of all possible configurations of the qubit. use
Josephson junctions as superconducting qubits.
Entanglement:-
Entanglement is a quantum mechanical effect
that correlates the behavior of two separate things
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