Elucidation of scandenolone as anti-cancer activity through impairment of the metabolic and signaling vulnerabilities in prostate cancer

1. Yeny Vanesa Loaiza Giraldo
Tercer semestre
UPB

2. 1. Introduction
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer originates when the
prostatic cells grow out of control.
Prostate cancer is the most common
cancer in men. It is the second cause of
mortality.
This cancer is directly related to age, The
most age the most risk. In Colombia, one
in three men older than 50 has this
cancer. https://www.healthcommunitiesproviderservices.com/wp-
content/uploads/2023/04/1.-prostate-cancer-
AdobeStock_212335054.jpeg

3. 1. Introduction
Scandenolone
Scandenolone is a natural isoflavone
derivative from Cudrania tricuspidate
fruit that has shown anti-cancer
potential. Treatment with scandelone
on cells in vivo and in vitro proved it
ceased mitotic cell cycle, decreased
mitochondrial membrane potential.
Additionally, this isoflavone
promoted cell apoptosis.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223007382

4. 2. Objective
This study aims at evaluation of the prospective efficacy
and the molecular mechanism of scandenolone (SCA) a
natural isoflavone in Pca progression

5. 3. Methods
Quantitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(RT-qPCR)
It is used to detect and quantify RNA.
RNA is transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA). The cDNA is then
used as the template for the real-time PCR reaction (qPCR). In qPCR,
the amount of amplification product is measured in each PCR cycle
using fluorescence.
Total RNA samples were extracted from control and SCA treated PCa
cells. RNA samples were subsequently converted to complementary
DNA (cDNA). The relative mRNA expression levels were normalized by
β-actin expression.
Western blot analisis
This method is used to evaluate the reaction between an
antigen and an antibody.
First, it is made a separation of proteins with electrophoresis
then specific proteins are identified using antibodies.
Total proteins were extracted from control and SCA-treated
LNCaP and C4-2 cells. This method was utilized to determine
the expression of proteins with the treatment.
https://www.thermofisher.com/co/en/home/brands/thermo-scientific/molecular-biology/molecular-biology-learning-
center/molecular-biology-resource-library/spotlight-articles/basic-principles-rt-
qpcr.html#:~:text=Quantitative%20reverse%20transcription%20polymerase%20chain,time%20PCR%20reaction%20(qPCR). https://www.rockland.com/resources/western-blotting-technique/

6. 3. Methods
ROS measurement
Reactive oxygen species impact on many biological
events and are used to report on immune responses, to
monitor the balance of ROS and antioxidants or to study
their role in cancer development. These molecules are
very reactive and come in many different forms. LNCaP
and C4-2 cells were pre-treated with H2O2 . Afterward,
these cells were exposed to control and SCA. SCA
enhanced the antioxidant activity in PCa cells.
https://www.bmglabtech.com/en/blog/reactive-oxygen-species-
detection/#:~:text=The%20most%20common%20reagent%20used,(DCF)%20exhibits%20high%20fluorescence.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01256
https://www.thermofisher.com/co/en/home/life-science/cell-analysis/cell-viability-and-
regulation/apoptosis.html?gclid=Cj0KCQjwib2mBhDWARIsAPZUn_kAPrpJfue_1ygI0hatzaax8Hv64RRrRK5ZeuWGSHaLj9KRcM65FOMaAnwpEALw_wcB&ef_id=
Cj0KCQjwib2mBhDWARIsAPZUn_kAPrpJfue_1ygI0hatzaax8Hv64RRrRK5ZeuWGSHaLj9KRcM65FOMaAnwpEALw_wcB:G:s&s_kwcid=AL!3652!3!44729219875
7!!!g!!!10506731179!109642167731&cid=bid_pca_iva_r01_co_cp1359_pjt0000_bid00000_0se_gaw_dy_pur_con
Apoptosis Analyses
It is a regulated process that not only allows for proper
growth and development by ridding the organism of
unneeded cells and tissues, but also minimizes threats to the
organism by destroying certain damaged cells. PCa cells were
treated with control and various concentrations of SCA . The
apoptotic cells (%) were counted and analyzed

7. 3. Results
LNCaP and C4-20 are cells lines
exhibiting epithelial
morphology that can be used in
cancer research.
Specifically prostate cancer
• The line cells were treated with DMSO
(qumioluminicent) in various concentrations of SCA
SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 were
proteins significantly altered in
PCa. They were highly expressed
in various PCa cell lines compared
to non-PCa cells.
• SCA suppressed the protein
levels in PCa

8. 3. Results
• PCa cells were treated with different concentrations
of SCA. The expression levels of some proteins
were reduced significantly.
PI3K/AKT pathway is involved in
multiple cellular processes. Mutations
on this pathway can develop multiple
diseases. This was significantly linked
to PCa development and progression.
• SCA decreased Bcl-2, the full-length
caspase-3 expression, and increased Bax.
Bcl-2: Inhibits apoptosis.
Casp-3: Induces apoptosis. Proapoptotic genes were
downregulated in caspase-3–proficient cells. Its Inhibition
increased the efficacy of treatment and decreased
spontaneous tumor development.
Bax: Apoptosis regulation.

9. 4. Discussion
Author ¿What did he say?
¿Is he agree with
it?
E. Choi, J. Buie,
J. Camacho, P.
Sharm, W. T. De
Riese
Inhibition and blockade of androgen synthesis and
the AR signaling could offer attractive clinical
interventions, such as traditional or next-generation
ADT drugs (bicalutamide, flutamide, enzalutamide,
darolutamide and abiraterone)
H. Kim, K.B. Chin.
X. Jiang, C. Cao,
W. Sun, Z. Chen,
X. Li, L. Nahar,
S.D. Sarker, et al.
SCA, a natural isoflavone derivative specifically
extracted and purified from C. tricuspidata, has been
previously reported to show some potentially
medicinal functions
X. Li, J.B. Wu, Q.
Li, K. Shigemura,
L.W. Chung, W.C.
Huang
Even though these herbal extracts or small
molecules suppressed rapid cancer cell growth and
induced cell death, only very few compounds could
coordinately target both SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 in
cancer cells

10. Conclutions
Inhibition of the expression of
some proteins can be a
determinant factor to reduce cell
damage and cancer progression.
SCA treatment can be a great option
to treat prostate cancer. It can be
investigated to see what other
benefits it could have.

12. https://lucid.app/lucidchart/ae667c55-9198-4bfc-afad-e17f32d35665/edit?viewport_loc=-6017%2C-
3089%2C8000%2C3756%2C0_0&invitationId=inv_fd2f9018-130f-4554-ab30-7cdbe84c98d1

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