2. River Blindness
(Onchocerciasis)
River blindness is a
disease caused by
Onchocerca volvulus, a
parasitic worm
transmitted to humans
by the bite of infected
black flies. Worm larvae
that are transmitted
develop into adult
worms that settle in
fibrous nodules on the
human body.
5. How is onchocerciasis
transmitted?
Onchocerciasis is caused by Onchocerca
volvulus, a parasitic worm that lives for up to
14 years in the human body. It is spread
through the bite of a black fly of the Simulium
damnosum species complex, which breeds in
fast-flowing rivers and streams.
When the fly bites, it deposits the larvae of a
parasitic worm, which matures to adulthood
and produces millions of tiny worms, called
microfilaria. Adults emerge after 8-12 days
and live for up to four weeks, during which
they can cover hundreds of kilometres in flight.
6.
7. What are the symptoms of
onchocerciasis?
When the microfilariae migrate throughout the
body and give rise to a variety of symptoms
rashes, lesions, intense itching and
depigmentation of the skin; lymphadenitis,
which results in hanging groins and
elephantiasis of the genitals, general
debilitation and serious visual impairment,
including blindness.
8. How is onchocerciasis
treated?
Stromectol (Ivermectin) the safe, effective drug
capable of reducing the numbers of skin
microfilariae in infected people and resulting in
clinical improvement and decreased transmission
of infection. Stromectol medication is used to
treat certain parasitic roundworm infections.
