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1. NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT Question
NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT QuestionNURS 412 Prenatal Care
Education Nursing PICOT QuestionScholarly Paper: Using the PICOT process, analyze
a current nursing practice-related issues.Select an issue from your NURS 412 clinical
practice and write a PICOT research question.The scholarly paper should be typed, double
spaced, 12 point, Times New Roman using APA format, and limited to 6 pages including title
and reference pages. The references cannot be older than 2018.EVALUATION OF
UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARLY PAPER RUBRIC WILL BE USED. your position with
references no older than 2018 from at least two peer reviewed journal reference
articles.Also use the attached rubric to ensure proper completion of the assignmenti have
also attached samples as a guide do not plagiarize the sample.let me know the topic you are
choosing to write about. and let me know if you have any questions.ORDER NOW FOR
CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERSPrenatal care is medical care females receive
during pregnancy with the goal of providing regular check-ups that allows their physician
or mid-wife to detect, treat, and prevent potential health concerns throughout the course of
their pregnancy- promoting a healthy lifestyle that can benefit the mother and child. First
time mothers with less than a high school education, as well as women with more than 12
years of education showed improvement with newborn care when basic prenatal education
was given in the late stages of pregnancy. Studies showed that women with the least
amount of formal education (0 to 4 years) increased their test scores- knowledge of
prenatal care- by 11.8% compared with 10.9% increase in women with 4 to 8 years of
education, 6.4% in women with 12 to 16 years of education and 11.1% in women with >16
years of education (Weiner, E. A., Billamay, S., Partridge, J. C., & Martinez, A. M. (2011).
Prenatal care is inexpensive and can save patients more money from having to deal with
potential complications if it was to not be given. The affordable care act says that all
insurances have to cover many services for pregnant women. It is important that even
uninsured pregnant women receive the proper information on what she can do to get
insured and receive accurate care during her pregnancy. Many pregnant women can get
Medicaid coverage (a low-cost health insurance to people with low income) or the
Children’s Health Insurance Program (for children and pregnant women who families make
too much to receive Medicaid (March of Dimes, 2014). Whenever a woman becomes
pregnant, they need to receive some type of prenatal care for the mother and fetus. When
prenatal care is not received from the beginning of pregnancy or not received at all,
negative consequences can happen to both fetus and mother. The link in our PICOT

2. question would be: Prenatal deficiency can account for negative outcomes to both mother
and child. NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT QuestionThese negative
outcomes can be low birth weight, preterm infants, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth
restriction (Beeckman, Louckx, & Putman, 2011). The dependent variable would be the
prenatal care because if the mother and fetus is given this type of care, the risk of negative
outcomes would significantly be lower. Our focus on how health promotion in terms of
prenatal care education effects the quality of life for both mother and baby is because this
can prevent many complications before and after the birth of the baby. Education is an
imperative factor in ing a healthy pregnancy (Bahrami, Simbar, & Bahrami, 2013). If
pregnant/expecting women are educated on prenatal care this promotes healthy lifestyles,
during their pregnancy, and also helps expectant mothers on how to manage stress to avoid
hypertension /preeclampsia. Also if mothers are educated on what to expect during their
pregnancy and what to be aware of this can lead to recognizing warning signs of fetal
distress or complications (March of Dimes, 2014). For example when a mother experiences
fetal movement often, but notices no movement all day this could be a sign of fetal distress
or an indication to seek medical help. The independent variable is education because this
will affect the expectants mother approach to prenatal care. CINAHL, MEDline (EBSCO),
Health AND Wellness Resource Center, and Health Source: Nursing were the databases of
choice for this project. A literature review of several types of articles with various methods
and sampling facilitated the development of this evidence based project. CINAHL had the
most extensive information regarding the prevalence and effectiveness of prenatal care.
Prenatal care, especially by education, is an important aspect in improving a pregnant
woman’s awareness and knowledge about risks factors, complications and outcome of
pregnancy. Prenatal care begins from the time of conception and ends with the onset of
labor. It is important for a pregnant woman to be very careful because everything they do
affects their baby. NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT QuestionFactors like
environment, diet, exercise. Early prenatal education that includes environmental
influences has been overlooked in many studies, but is associated with impaired cognitive
development and behavioral disabilities. There are many forms of prenatal care and
education; some are even available online. In addition, in a comparative study of prenatal
education by nurses from New Orleans, USA and Ankara, Turkey, the topics addressed were
significantly different, as well as the requirements for giving the education. The nurses in
New Orleans mostly had a master’s degree, while the nurses from Ankara had a two-year
education. Despite these differences, all pregnant women that attended the programs were
able to benefit and had a successful pregnancy outcome. Moreover, another study by Wallis,
et.al (2014), showed that pregnant women with medical conditions prior to the pregnancy
like hypertensive disorder and diabetes, were positively impacted by prenatal education.
Interestingly, a study by Pilon (2011) was about a program called Early SSTART that is
created to remove the barriers pregnant teens face to prenatal care. This model addresses
the removal of transportation barriers, offers convenient after school scheduling, and
provides small incentives to motivate pregnant teens to keep appointments, make healthy
lifestyle choices, and adhere to prescribed medication regimens. Similarly, University of
Miami is offering a course in preconception health and prenatal development in order to

3. improve college students’ reproductive health awareness. Another study suggests group
education is associated with an increase in effectiveness of prenatal care. Therefore,
prenatal care and education is essential for all pregnant women. NURS 412 Prenatal Care
Education Nursing PICOT QuestionThe main focus is on health education during prenatal
care to provide guidance, teaching, encouragement and , to address and treat the minor
complications of pregnancy, and to provide effective screening during the pregnancy to
both the educated and uneducated mother. Education is an essential constituent of prenatal
care, especially for the first time pregnant mothers. Antenatal care offers a significant
chance for discussion amongst pregnant women and their care provider about healthy
behaviors during pregnancy and how to recognize problems that may arise throughout
pregnancy. These include but not limited to information on postpartum care, newborn care
and breastfeeding, signs of problems, and appropriate action to take. (Holmes, 2012). It has
been found in numerous studies that women with some kind of prenatal care education
came into labor much more prepared as compared to those that did not have any form of
education. These uneducated women did not know the pros, cons and safety issues
associated with different pain management options, C-sections verse vaginal births,
episiotomies and etc. this left them unprepared to participate in their own care. Prenatal
education also helps reduce the number of preterm birth rate and that is one of the keys
reasons of focusing on health education. (Holmes, 2012). Reference Bahrami, N., Simbar, M.,
& Bahrami, S. (2013). The Effect of Prenatal Education on Mother’s Quality of Life during
First Year Postpartum among Iranian Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International
Journal Of Fertility & Sterility, 7(3), 169-174. Beeckman, K., Louckx, F., & Putman, K. (2011).
Predisposing, enabling and pregnancyrelated determinants of late initiation of prenatal
care. Maternal And Child Health Journal, 15(7), 1067-1075. doi:10.1007/s10995-010-0652-
1 Holmes W. Effective provision of antenatal care. Lancet. 2012; 358(9285):928. [PubMed]
Weiner, E. A., Billamay, S., Partridge, J. C., & Martinez, A. M. (2011). Antenatal education for
expectant mothers results in sustained improvement in knowledge of newborn care. Journal
Of Perinatology: Official Journal Of The California Perinatal Association, 31(2), 92-97.
doi:10.1038/jp.2010.108 March of Dimes. NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing
PICOT QuestionHealth insurance during pregnancy. (2016). Retrieved April 8, 2016, from
http://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/health-insurance-duringpregnancy.aspx March
of Dimes. Prenatal education and outreach. Retrieved April 07, 2016, from
http://www.marchofdimes.org/mission/prenatal-education-and-outreach.aspx Delgado, C.
(2013). Pregnancy 101: A Call for Reproductive and Prenatal Health Education in College.
Maternal & Child Health Journal, 17(2), 240-247 8p. doi:10.1007/s10995-012-0967-1
Knutzen, D. M., Stoll, K. A., McClellan, M. W., Deering, S. H., & Foglia, L. M. (2013). Improving
knowledge about prenatal screening options: can group education make a difference?.
Journal Of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 26(18), 1799-1803 5p.
doi:10.3109/14767058.2013.804504 Pilon, B. (2011). Removing the Barriers to Prenatal
Care and Education for Teens -Rock-a-Bye Teens: An Early SSTART Program. International
Journal Of Childbirth Education, 26(4), 23-27 5p. Shieh, C., & Carter, A. (2011). Online
Prenatal Nutrition Education.Nursing For Women’s Health, 15(1), 26-35 10p.
doi:10.1111/j.1751-486X.2011.01608.x Wallis, A. B., Tsigas, E. Z., Saftlas, A. F., & Sibai, B. M.

4. (2013). Prenatal education is an opportunity for improved outcomes in hypertensive
disorders of pregnancy: results from an Internet-based survey. Journal Of Maternal-Fetal &
Neonatal Medicine,26(16), 1565-1567 3p. doi:10.3109/14767058.2013.797403 Ustunsoz,
A., Senel, N., & Pollock, C. A. (2011). Comparison of prenatal education delivered by nurses
in Ankara (Turkey) and New Orleans (USA). Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 20(7/8), 1133-1140
8p. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03262.x 1 Evidence Based Practice PICOT ? Dr. Birthale
Archie ? 1Transition into Professional Nursing Practice ? NURS 425 / Week 7 2 Definition
Evidence Based Practice (EBP) ? According to Melynk et. Al. (2010) ? “a problem-solving
approach to the delivery of health care that integrates the best evidence from studies and
patient care data with clinician expertise and patient preference and values.” (p. 1) 3 What
is PICOT Statement ? Carefully formulated question that encompass the acronym PICOT and
the ? “T” when pertinent. 1. Identify the problem or population(P) intervention (I) 3.
Comparison (C) 4. Outcome(s) (O) 5. Timeframe (T) Template for PICOT QUESTION 4 ?
https://www.aaacn.org/sites/default/files/documents/miscdocs/1e_PICOT_Questions_tem
plate.pdf ? Handout in class. ? Adapted from the PICOT Questions Template; Ellen Fineout-
Overholt, 2006. This form may be used for educational & research purposes without
permission 5 Definitions for Terms ? Intervention/Therapy: Questions addressing the
treatment of an illness or disability. ? NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT
QuestionEtiology: Questions addressing the causes or origins of disease (i.e., factors that
produce or predispose toward a certain disease or disorder). 6 Definitions for Terms Cont’ ?
Diagnosis: Questions addressing the act or process of identifying or determining the nature
and cause of a disease or injury through evaluation. 7 Definitions for Terms Cont’
?Prognosis/Prediction: Questions addressing the prediction of the course of a disease. 8
Definitions for Terms Cont’ ?Meaning: Questions addressing how one experiences a
phenomenon. 9 Intervention ? Intervention: In African-American female adolescents with
hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function
(O) timeframe (T)? 10 Therapy ? Therapy: In children with spastic cerebral palsy (P), what
is the effect of splinting and casting(I) compared to constraintinduced therapy (C) on two-
handed skill development (O)? 11 Prognosis / Prediction ? Prognosis/Prediction: 1) For
patients 65 years and older (P), how does the use of an influenza vaccine (I) compared to
not received the vaccine (C) influence the risk of developing pneumonia (O) during flu
season (T)? 2) In patients who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (P), how
does being a smoker (I) compared to a non-smoker (C) influence death and infarction rates
(O) during the first 5 years after the myocardial infarction (T)? 12 Diagnosis ? Diagnosis: In
middle-aged males with suspected myocardial infarction (P), are serial 12-lead ECGs (I)
compared to one initial 12-lead ECG (C) more accurate in diagnosing an acute myocardial
infarction (O)? 13NURS 412 Prenatal Care Education Nursing PICOT QuestionEtiology ?
Etiology: Are 30- to 50-year-old women (P) who have high blood pressure (I) compared
with those without high blood pressure (C) at increased risk for an acute myocardial
infarction (O) during the first year after hysterectomy (T)? 14 Meaning ? Meaning: How do
young males (P) with a diagnosis of below the waist paralysis (I) perceive their interactions
with their romantic significant others (O) during the first year after their diagnosis (T)? 15
References ? Birthale Archie, DNP, MSN, BS, RN ? Fineout-Overholt, E. Template for Asking

5. PICOT Questions. Retrieved October 7, 2019, from
http://www.unm.edu/~unmvclib/cascade/handouts/PICOTtemplates.pdf ? Library
Guides: Evidence Based Nursing Practice: Pico(t) and Clinical Questions
https://journals.lww.com/nursing/fulltext/2014/02000/To_ma
ke_your_case,_start_with_a_PICOT_question.7.aspx#pdf-link
https://libraryguides.missouri.edu/c.php?g=28271&p=174073 ?
https://libraryguides.nau.edu/c.php?g=665927&p=4682772 ?
https://journals.lww.com/nursing/fulltext/2014/02000/To_make_your_case,_sta
rt_with_a_PICOT_question.7.aspx#pdf-link Running head: ACCOUNTABILITY EDUCATION: A
LEGISLATIVE ISSUE Accountability for Continued Education: A Legislative Issue
Introduction The United States has made efforts to develop its health care industry with a
focus on quality, affordability, and access to healthcare services. The increasing demand for
health care services over the past decade(s) and the demand for quality medical care have
stimulated the 1 ACCOUNTABILITY FOR EDUCATION: A LEGISLATIVE ISSUE 2 growth of
the nursing population. Issued in a 2010 report by the Institute of Medicine