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London,the capital of great britan
1. LONDON,THE CAPITAL OF GREAT
BRITAN
London is one of
the oldest and
greatest cities of
the world.
2. To this place ,in the year 55 B.C., Caesar
came from Rome. The Romans made
Londinium a large and rich city.
In 1066 came William the Duke of
Normandy (William the Conqueror)
and settled in Londinium which now
became London.
3. Now London is a big political, industrial cultural centre. More eight million
people live there. The city is situated on both banks of the river Thames
which connects London with the sea and makes it a large seaport..
4. THE IMPORTANT PARTS OF LONDON ARE
• The City
• The West End
• The East End
• Westminster.
5. • The City is the heart of business
and commercial life of London.
• The Mansion House, the official
residence of the Lord Mayor, St.
Paul’s Cathedral are in this district.
6. • Everything in the West End belongs to
aristocracy and bourgeoisie.
• Trafalgar Square with the Nelson
Column, the national Gallery and the
National Gallery are situated here.
9. THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT
• The Houses of Parliament,
the seat of the British
Government, is very large
Gothic building.
• It is divided into two
chambers-the Houses of
Commons and the House of
Lords.
• The present building of
Westminster Palace was
founded in 1840.
11. • Big Ben, the huge clock on the Clock
Tower of the Houses of the Parliament,
was made by Mr. Dent. It first came
into service in 1859. It is 313 ft high
and 41 ft square.
• Big Ben strikes only one on hour and
the other four Bens tell the quarters
and the half hours.
13. • Westminster Abbey, a fine Gothic
building, was founded in 1049.
• Westminster Abbey is the crowning
place of British monarchs. Kings and
Queens of England have been
crowned here since 1050.
• It has poet’s corner.
15. • The cathedral was built
by Sir Christopher Wren
between 1675 and 1710.
If you climb 263 steps to the
Westminster Gallery you run
round the dome.
Among the great cathedral of
the world St. Paul’s is unique
in that it was conceived by
one man and built under his
supervision during his
lifetime.
17. • The Tower, one of the most
ancient buildings of London,
was founded by William the
Conqueror.
• The Tower has served as
fortress, palace, state prison
and royal treasury, now it is
a museum.
• The Tower is guarded by the
Yeoman Warders, popularly
called ‘Beefeaters’.
• Just outside the Tower, on
Tower Hill, is a traditional
open-air meeting place at
which political meetings are
held.
21. • The British Museum was founded in
1753.It is famous for its various
collections.
• In the first place the British Museum
is a great library containing five or six
books.
• Secondly it is a great scientific
institution, known as Natural history
Museum.
23. • In South Kensington there are several
large museums, The Victoria and
Albert Museums with a magnificent
collection of applied arts also includes
a wide-ranging display of ceramics,
masterpieces and a selection of
Constable’s masterpieces.
29. • Soho is Known as district of cinema-
producers, because all the biggest
film-companies have offices there.
• Soho is the favorite place of writers,
composers, painters, cinema-stars and
thousands of people of the world.
30. • Whitehall is a street of government
offices, leading to Westminster
Palace.
• Whitehall was once a palace where
English queens and kings lived.
31. • Downing Street
is a quiet little
street where the
prime ministers
of England live in
house No 10.
32. • Fleet Street is now the centre of
journalists and newspaper men
• Offices of most English daily and
evening papers are situated here.
• Publishing houses of many big foreign
newspapers are also there.
33. • Piccadilly Circus is a West End
shopping centers.
At night Piccadilly Circus looks quite
fantastic with its colored lights and
illuminated neon signs.
• In the centre of the square is a
column and a statue of Eros, the god
of love.
36. • Trafalgar Square is very popular with
Londoners.
• Trafalgar Square is one of the principal
landmarks in the West End.
• In the centre of the square is the
monument known as Nelson’s
column.
38. • In London one can see many
buses, cars and taxis in the
street.
• Thee are no trams in London
since 1952.
• The main transport is the
underground (tube).
• Fares in London are high.
The people prefer double-
deckers or the tube because
the fares are lower there.
