NLMK By-Products

COKE PRODUCTS
AND IRON ORE
COKE BYPRODUCTS, GASES
BULK PRODUCTS
SCRAP, BYPRODUCTS
METAL PRODUCTS
FOR MACHINERY
AND PRODUCTION
EQUIPMENT
BY-PRODUCTS
2020
NLMK GROUP

5COKE PRODUCTS AND IRON ORE
COKE
PRODUCTS
Due to cooperation within the common technological environment of NLMK and Altai-Koks, we
produce today the highest quality coke in Russia, with CSR invariably at the level of 60-64%. Two
of the best Russian coke producers, situated in Zarinsk (Altai-Koks) and in Lipetsk (NLMK). Within
the framework of production efficiency improvement programme, technical measures are taken,
which are aimed at improvement and stabilization of coke quality. This is first of all related to the
optimal composition of the coal charge. Both dry and wet coke quenching facilities are used in the
companies, which provide for the highest coke quality.
CERTIFICATION
Altai-Koks is the only coke producing enterprise in Russia, which is involved in the inter-laboratory
comparative tests as part of the programmes to confirm the qualification by International Quality
Control Laboratories LQSi and DCC.
Today, about 20-25 laboratories take part in the qualification certifying programmes all around the
world. The results of the inter-laboratory comparative studies ensure the correct testing of prod-
ucts, as well as the accuracy and reliability of the results.
Technical Control Department of Altai-Koks (member of NLMK Group) has once again received a
certificate confirming the quality of the laboratory testing of coal raw material and finished prod-
uct — coke. This certificate is issued by International Laboratory for Quality Control LQSi (USA).
CONTENTS
COKE PRODUCTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CERTIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Foundry coke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Metallurgical coke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Coke nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Coke fines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Coke dust. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
IRON ORE RAW MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Sintering Iron Ore Concentrate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Sintering iron ore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Raw iron ore — quartzites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Iron Ore Pellets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

6 7COKE PRODUCTS AND IRON ORE
Transportation
Coke is transported in bulk in open rail cars in line with GOST 22235 requirements, rules of cargo
transportation and technical conditions of cargo loading and fixing.
Storage
Unloading of coke from vehicles and putting it into storage shall be done by the equipment, which
shall not reduce its size. Coke shall be stored under conditions, which prevent its contamination
and mixing with other materials.
Grade Mix
Of the products and its code under the All-Union Classifier of Industrial and Agricul-
tural Products
Grade Class according to piece size Code
KL-1 60 mm and larger 07 6122 1210
KL-2 the same 07 6122 1220
KL-3 " 07 6122 1230
KL-4 40 mm and larger 07 6122 1310
KL-5 the same 07 6122 1320
KL-6 " 07 6122 1330
Metallurgical coke
Metallurgical (blast furnace) coke with piece size 40 mm and more, 25 mm and more, 25-40 mm
is used in blast furnace production as a heat source, reducer of iron ores and segregator of charge
materials. It is used in blast-furnace process for ironmaking. For reduction of lead, tin and copper
ores, in production of zinc, for calcination of limestone and cement.
Chemical composition
Indicator description
Piece size, mm
25 and more 25–40 and more
Ash content, %, max. 13.6 13.6
Mass fraction of total moisture, %, max. 6.0 14.0
Mass fraction of total sulphur, %, max 0.8 0.8
Volatile- matter yield, %, max. 1.2 1.5
Strength (М 40), %, min. 82 —
Mass fraction of pieces less than 25 mm, %, max. 4.5 8
Foundry coke
Coal coke variety which is used in foundry production as fuel for melting iron in cupola furnaces.
The main difference of the foundry coke from blast furnace coke is small S content, which is not
more than 1.4. Ash shall not be more than 14%. Sizes of foundry coke pieces are divided into 40, 60,
80 mm and more.
Indicator description
Piece size, mm
40 and more 60 and more 80 and more
Ash content, %, max. 13.0 14.0 13.0
Mass fraction of total moisture, %, max. 5.0 5.0 3.0
Mass fraction of total sulphur, %, max. 1.0 1.0 0.7
Strength (М 40), %, min. 77 78 75
Mass fraction of pieces less than the
specified size, %, max.
6 20 28
Mass fraction of phosphorus, %, max. 0.06
Characteristic
Coke is strong pieces of silver or greyish black colour. Organic part of coke consists mostly of car-
bon and small inclusions of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.

Coke nut
Coke with piece sizes 10-25 mm is called coke nut and is
used as fuel and carbon reducer in ferroalloy and electrode
production, in non-ferrous metallurgy etc. It is used in pro-
duction of ferroalloys (ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferroman-
ganese, etc.) and in electrode production.
Indicator description Altai-Koks NLMK
Mass fraction of pieces more than 25 mm, %, max. 10 10
Characteristic
Transportation
Storage
does not reduce its size. Coke shall be stored under conditions, which prevent its contamination
Export quality
Specification Guaranteed Limit
Moisture, % 3.0
Ash, % 11.0–12.0
Volatile Matter, % 0.8–1.0
Sulphur, % 0.8
Phosphorous, % 0.065
Micum 40, % 75.0–78.0
Micum 10, % 7.5–8.0
Alkalies, % 0.28
C.S.R., % 61.0–63.0
C.R.I., % 25.0–28.0
Size + 25 mm
–25 mm, %, max. 4.5
Note: our export (the highest) quality. Please, pay your attention to high sulphur, but for the volume of 5 thousand t
we can avoid adding PCA and sulphur will drop, but that will make the charge slightly more expensive.
Characteristic
Transportation
Coke is transported by rail in bulk in open rail cars and by sea in all vessels, suitable for bulk cargo
transportation.
Storage
shall not reduce its size. Coke shall be stored under conditions, which prevent its contamination

Coke fines
Coke with pieces less than 10 mm is called coke breeze and is
used for sintering iron, nickel ores etc. It is used for sintering
iron ores and electrodes.
Mass fraction of total sulphur, %, max. 4.2 4.2
Characteristic
Transportation
Storage
Coke dust
Coke dust from dry coke quenching units, which is to be
used in steelmaking, blast furnace production, sintering
and refractory material production. It is used as an addi-
tive to raw materials in civil construction and steelmaking
industries.
Mass share of total moisture in the fuel in working
condition, %, max.
1.0 1.0
Characteristic
Transportation
Storage

13COKE PRODUCTS AND IRON ORE12
IRON ORE RAW MATERIALS
FROM STOILENSKY
Stoilensky mining company (NLMK Group) is within the three leading Russian companies for iron
ore extraction. Stoilensky Mining Company is developing one of the biggest deposits of Kursk Mag-
netic Anomaly (KMA). Its main products are iron ore concentrate and iron sinter ore.
Iron ore at the Stoilenskoye deposit is mined in a number of open pits. The excavation system in-
volves external dumping. Loose deposits are being exploited by rotor complex and cyclic excavators,
rock stripping, high grade ore and ferruginous quartzites are extracted by cyclic excavators with
preliminary opening by drilling-and-blasting operations. Run-of-mine is taken out of the quarry by
trucks, railway transport and conveyor transport.
High grade ore processing includes three stages of crushing and screening with separation of
sintering ore. Beneficiation of ferruginous quartzite (magnetite) takes three stages of crushing with
closed final stage, three stages of milling, magnetic separation, desludging, dehydration of con-
centrate on vacuum filters. Hydrotransportation of beneficiation tailings is forced/ gravity-flowing
type. Water recycling is used. In the pelletizing building raw pellets are produced from concentrate,
bentonite and other charge components. Those pellets then go to induration building where the
pellets are dried and indurated.
Stoilensky fully satisfies NLMK Group’s demand for iron concentrate, sinter ore and pellets, cover-
ing NLMK in all types of iron ore raw materials.

Sintering Iron Ore Concentrate
SТО 00186826-026-2015
Sintering Iron Ore Concentrate is used as iron ore raw material
for iron making and for producing iron ore pellets. Extracted
ore is crushed and shredded, after which it is benefeciated in
several stages using wet magnetic separation and magnetic
desludging in Pelletizing Plant of Stoilensky. Ore is mined from
open pit mines.
Indicator description Norm
Mass weight of iron % 66.3
Iron mass fraction tolerance, % -0.3
Moisture mass fraction, % 10.0
Moisture mass fraction tolerance, % +0.5
Si dioxide mass fraction, % 6.9
Si dioxide mass fraction tolerance, % 0.5
Note: exceeding the upper limit of the iron mass fraction value does not mean rejection; moisture mass fraction lower
than the value, given in the table above, is not considered a reason for rejection.
Transportation
Concentrate is transported by rail in bulk in open rail cars and by sea in all vessels, suitable for
bulk cargo transportation.
Storage
Coke shall be stored under conditions, which prevent its contamination and mixing with other
materials.
Sintering iron ore
STO 00186826-029-2015
Iron ore is mined in open pits. After exploding ore and rock with suitable characteristics pass
crushing and sieving stages. Main types of application for sintering ore blast furnace production.
Iron mass fraction, % 52.0
Moisture mass fraction, % 9.0
Mass fraction of +10 mm class, not more than, %: 9.0
Si dioxide mass fraction, % 11.0
Si dioxide mass fraction tolerance, %
from –2.0 to +1.0,
inclusively
Aluminium oxide mass fraction (AL2
O3
), not more than, % 4.0
Note: the upper level for the iron mass fraction and the bottom limit for aluminium oxide content is not limited.
Moisture, aluminium oxide contents cannot be sufficient for rejection.
Transportation
Ore shall be transported in bulk in open rail cars in compliance with the requirements of reailway
cargo transportation rules.
Storage
Ore shall be stored under conditions, which prevent its contamination and mixing with other mate-
rials.

Iron Ore Pellets
STO 00186826-034-2013
Blast furnace pellets are made from iron ore concentrate,
which goes through the charge preparation stages, as
well as through pelletizing, induration and classification.
Stoilensky iron ore pellets are used for ironmaking in blast
furnaces.
Total iron mass fraction, % 64.6
Mass fraction of alkali (К2
О+Na2
О) %, max. 0.20
Mass fraction of SiO2
%, max. 7.1
Basicity of СаО/SiO2
, units 0.11–0.18
Mass fraction of (0–5) mm class %, max. 3.0
Mass fraction of (9–16) mm class, %, min. 95.0
Compression strength, kg/pellet, min. 250.0
Strength in rotating drum:
∙∙ impact resistance (drum sample index > +6.3 mm), % , min.
∙∙ wear resistance (wear resistance index < –0.5 mm), %, max.
95.0
5.0
Note: the upper level for the iron mass fraction and the bottom limit for alkali mass fraction are not limited.
Transportation
It is transported by rail in bulk in open train or by sea vessels.
Storage
Discharge and storage of ore in authorized places is done in line with the existing legislation of the
Russian Federation with minimization of impact on the environment.
Scope of application
Iron ore concentrate (contains around 66% of iron) and sinter ore (contains around 55% of iron) are
key ferrous components in ironmaking and BOF steelmaking.
Iron ore pellets (contain around 65% of iron) are the raw material for ironmaking.
Raw iron ore — quartzites
STO 00186826-033-2013
Iron ore is mined in open pits. After exploding ore and rock
with suitable characteristics pass crushing and sieving stages.
Blast furnace raw iron ore from Stoilensky (crushed magnetite
banded iron formation) are used as iron ore acid addition for
supporting optimum slag mode during iron making, as well as
washing material in blast furnaces.
Mass fraction of total iron, %, not more 30.0
Mass fraction of FeO, %, min. 6.5
Mass fraction of SiO2, %, min. 30.0
Mass fraction of moisture, %, max. 3.0
Grain size, mm 20–60
Mass fraction of less than 20 mm, not more than, % 10
Mass fraction of 20–60 mm size, %, min. 80
Note: the upper level for the iron mass fraction and the bottom limit for aluminium oxide content is not limited.
Moisture, aluminium oxide contents cannot be sufficient for rejection.
Transportation
It is transported by rail in bulk in open train.
Storage
Discharge and storage of ore in authorized places is done in line with the existing legislation of the
Russian Federation with minimization of impact on the environment.

21COKE CHEMISTRY, GASES20
BENZENE
AND CO-PRODUCTS
Crude benzene
Crude Coal Benzene is a mixture of benzene and its homologues as well as unsaturated, saturated,
sulfur-containing compounds. Crude benzene is produced during a thermal process of coal coking
by absorption from coke oven gas.
Crude benzene produced at the NLMK and Altai-Koks plants meets the requirements of GOST
8448-78.
NLMK group produces 2 grades of crude benzene: BS (produced at NLMK’s plant in Lipetsk and
BS-1 (produced at the Altai-Koks plant (wholly-owned by NLMK group) in Zarinsk.
Packaging: special-purpose rail cars or tank containers.
Range of applications: Purified benzene is used for the production of feedstock in organic synthe-
sis, aromatic hydrocarbons, synthetic fibers, plastics, synthetic rubber, phenol and for other needs.
Delivery: rail cars in compliance with Technical requirements 1104-241419-395-167-2001.
Technical requirements: GOST 8448-78, Technical requirements 1104-241419-395-167-2001.
Minimum order quantity: 60 tons (rail cars), 50 tons (tank containers).
Product specifications
Name of indicator
Characteristic and rate for a grade
BS BS-1
Appearance
Transparent liquid free of any particulates
including droplets of water
Distillate content at up to 180°С, mass %, minimum 91.0 not rated
Distillate content at up to 140°С, mass %, minimum not rated 97.0
Benzene content, mass %, minimum 70.0 78.0
Resin former content, mass %, minimum not rated not rated
CONTENTS
BENZENE AND CO-PRODUCTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Crude benzene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Benzene for nitration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Toluene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Solvent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Indene-coumarone fraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Black solvent naphtha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
COKE CHEMISTRY & RAW MATERIALS
FOR CARBON BLACK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Coal tar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Coal-tar pitch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Anthracene fraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Naphthalene fraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Combustible mixture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Phenolic oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Oil for wood treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
FERTILIZERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
A grade dolomite powder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
C grade dolomite powder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Ammonium sulphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
GASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Liquid argon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Liquid nitrogen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Liquid oxygen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Krypton-Xenon mixture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Neon helium mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

22 23COKE CHEMISTRY, GASES
Toluene
Coal toluene is a colorless liquid with a specific odor obtained produced during crude benzene
rectification process. NLMK produces coal toluene of Grade A.
Toluene is produced at NLMK plant in Lipetsk.
Toluene Chemical Formula: C7
H8
(С6
Н5
СН3
)
Range of applications: A grade toluene is used as a solvent and also for nitration and in organic
synthesis.
Delivery: in-house rail cars or the consumer's rail cars in compliance with Technical Requirements
1104-241419-395-167-2001.
Technical requirements: GOST 9880-76.
Composition, physical and chemical properties of NLMK's toluene
Name of indicator Rate, Grade A
Appearance and colour
Transparent liquid free of any particulates,
including droplets of water, whose colour is no
darker than the colour of a 0.003 g solution of
K2
Cr2
О7
in 1 dm3
of water
Density at 20 °С, g/cm3
0.865
Distillation limits: Once it starts boiling, 95% (of the entire
volume) is distilled within the temperature range, °С,
maximum (including the pure toluene boiling point of
110.6°С)
0.6
Basic substance content, mass %, minimum 99.52
Sulphuric acid colouring, number of the standard scale,
maximum
0.15
Bromine number, g of bromine per 100 cm3
of toluene,
maximum
0.1
Aqueous extract reaction neutral
Copper strip test a pass
Hydrogen sulphide and mercaptan content none
Benzene for nitration
Crude Coal benzene before it can be used for further synthesis needs cleaning from hydrocarbons,
especially n-heptane and methylcyclohexane. Crude benzene undergoes rectification: Separating
the carbon disulfide fraction and distilling the purified BTX fractions, in order to obtain benzene for
nitration grade. NLMK produces benzene for nitration on the Lipetsk plant.
Appearance: transparent liquid free of any suspended impurities and/or extraneous sediments
including water.
Packaging: : it is poured into special-purpose rail cars.
Range of applications: synthesis of various organic semi-products (aniline) in the plants of dyes,
pharmaceuticals, synthetic phenol, styrene, synthetic fibers, explosives, lacquers and varnishes, for
chemical cleaning of materials, as a solvent and extractant for organic compounds, and also as a
supplement to avgas and motor gasoline that improves their antiknock property.
Delivery: special-purpose tank containers and rail cars.
Technical requirements: GOST 8448-78Е.
Name of indicator
Properties of the NLMK benzene
for nitration
Method of analysis
Transparent liquid free of any
suspended impurities and/or
extraneous sediments including
water, whose colour is no darker
than the colour of a 0.003 g
solution of K2Cr2О7 in 1 dm3 of
water
As per GOST 2706.1
Density at 20°С, g/cm3
0.877
As per GOST 18995.1 or
GOST 3900, section 1 and
para. 4.2 of that standard
Distillation limits: 95% (of the entire
volume)
0.7 As per GOST 2706.13
Crystallization point, °С 5.2 As per GOST 2706.12
Sulphuric acid colouring, number of the
standard scale
0.1 As per GOST 2706.3
Bromine number, g/100 cm3
of benzene 0.03 As per GOST 2706.11
Carbon disulfide content, mass % 0.0002 As per GOST 2706.4
Thiophene content, mass % 0.01 As per GOST 2706.5
Hydrogen sulphide and mercaptan
content
None As per GOST 2706.10
Copper strip test A pass As per GOST 6321
Aqueous extract reaction Neutral As per GOST 2706.7
Total sulphur content, mass % 0.005 As per GOST 13380

Indene-coumarone fraction
It is produced at NLMK plant in Lipetsk
Indene-coumarone fraction is low-molecular thermoplastic polymers that are products of the
polymerization of coal tar fraction which is obtained by coal coking. It is one of hydrocarbon resin
varieties.
Range of applications: In various manufacturing industries. Indene-coumarone fraction is used
in paints and varnishes industry for the preparation of resin varnishes, hard varnishes, paints and
protective coatings, electrical insulating varnishes and dielectric lute, mixed oil varnishes and other
products. Indene-coumarone resins are used in the production of rubber as a softener for both
synthetic rubber and India rubber.
14-7-122-91.
Technical requirements: Technical Requirements 14-7-122-91.
Characteristics of NLMK’s indene-coumarone fraction
Name of indicator Second choice
Appearance
Transparent liquid free of any particulates,
whose colour ranges from light yellow to
brown
Resin-forming compounds content, mass %, minimum 40
Naphthalene content, mass %, maximum 12.0
Black solvent naphtha
It is produced at the NLMK plant in Lipetsk. Coal solvent naphtha is a product of the fractionation of
crude benzene and light oils derived from coal tar.
Range of applications: It is used as a solvent (for turpentine, India rubber, resins) in lacquers
plants, linoleum, explosives, etc.
2415-194-00190437-2004.
Characteristics of the solvent naphtha made by NLMK
Name of indicator Rate
Water content, mass %, maximum 2.0
Naphthalene content (on an anhydrous substance basis), mass %, minimum 70
Solvent
Coal solvent is produced by extraction during rectification of crude benzene. It is a flammable mix-
ture of light hydrocarbons. NLMK produces solvent of Grade B.
Solvent is produced at NLMK plant in Lipetsk.
Range of applications: Coal solvent is used as a universal solvent for various paints and lacquers,
as a washing fluid in mechanical engineering, in durable prints production and outdoor advertising.
1104-241419-395-167-2001.
Technical requirements: GOST 1928—79.
Characteristics of NLMK’s coal-tar solvent
Name of indicator Rate for a grade B
Transparent liquid free of any
particulates including droplets of
water, whose colour ranges from
colourless to light yellow
Density at 20°С, g/cm³ 0.863
Distillation temperature limits: Once it starts boiling, 90% (of the entire
volume) is distilled within the temperature range (°С) of
131—147
Xylene volatility 1.0
Phenol content, mass % 0.005
Total sulphur content, mass % 0.05
Aqueous extract reaction neutral
Flash point in a closed cup, °С not rated

COKE CHEMISTRY
& RAW MATERIALS
FOR CARBON BLACK
Coal tar
Coal tar is produced at NLMK plant in Lipetsk.
Coal tar is a black viscous fluid with strong phenol smell.
Packaging: special-purpose rail cars.
Range of applications: сoal tar is processed at coke plants. The primary usage industries are
chemical, electrode, power generation, carbonaceous materials, building & construction materials,
road construction.
Delivery: our rail cars or the consumer's rail rail cars in compliance with Technical specifications
2453-203-00190437-2005.
Minimum order quantity: 60 tons.
Density: 1.17–1.20 g/cm3
.
Product specification*
Grade A
Density at 20°С, kg/m3
1,175
Water content, mass % 1.4
Toluene-insoluble substance content (fraction a), mass % 5
Quinoline-insoluble substance content (fraction a1
), mass % 2
Ash content, mass % 0.11
* Product specification is given here for information purpose only. Actual parameters can be provided in TDS for every
product butch.

Coal tar composition
Compounds Mass %
Naphthalene 8–12
Phenanthrene 4–5
Fluoranthene 1.6–3
Pyrene 1–2
Acenaphthene 1–2
Chrysene 1–2
Fluorene 1–1.8
Anthracene 1–1.8
Methylnaphthalene 1.2–1.8
Carbazole 1.2–1.5
Dibenzofuran 1.1–1.2
Indene 1–1.2
The yield and composition of coal tar depend on the composition of coal charge and coking
conditions. As pyrolysis of the primary coking products deepens, it increases the coal tar density,
naphthalene content of coal tar, toluene- and quinoline-insoluble substance content of coal tar, and
the coal-tar pitch yield. At the same time, it reduces the yield of phenols, low-boiling oils, methyl-
naphthalene and other hydrocarbons.
Coal-tar pitch
Coal-tar pitch is a liquid, thermoplastic substance, homogeneous in appearance, black in colour
with glossy conchoidal fracture that can be partly dissolved in aromatic hydrocarbons, acetone
and oils. Under the customer specification, Altai-Koks in Zarinsk (wholly owned by NLMK Group)
produces type B and С liquid pitch and type C granulated pitch.
Packaging: : special-purpose rail cars or tank containers. Granulated pitch can be loaded into rail
cars or packed in big bags.
Range of applications: It is used in the aluminium industry as an ingredient of anode binder, which
is used for production of aluminium electrolyser anodes.
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with GOST 10200-83 and GOST 1038-75.
Technical requirements: GOST 10200-83 “Coal-tar electrode pitch” and GOST 1038-75 “Coal-tar
pitch”.
Product specification
Indicator
Rates for various types of coal-tar pitch
A B B1
C
OKP 24 5351 OKP 24 5351 OKP 24 5351 OKP 24 5351
0130 0140 0142 0150 Method of analysis
1. Appearance Molten pitch or solid granulated pitch Visual
2. Softening point, °С 65–70 67–73 72–76 85–90 As per GOST 9950
3. Toluene-insoluble substance
content (fraction α), mass %
24–28 25–31 26–31 At least 31
As per GOST 7847
or GOST 28357
4. Quinoline-insoluble
substance content (fraction α1
),
mass %, maximum
7 8 10 12
As per GOST 28572
or para. 4.4 of that
standard
5. Volatile yield, % 59 - 63 58 - 62 Max. 59 53 - 57 As per GOST 9951
6. Ash content, %, maximum 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 As per GOST 7846
7. Water content of hard pitch,
mass %, maximum,
4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
As per GOST 2477
and para. 4.5 of that
standard

Naphthalene fraction
Naphthalene fraction is produced from coal tar fractions by crystallisation and distillation.
It is produced on Altai-Koks plant (part of NLMK Group) in Zarinsk.
Naphthalene fraction is composed of naphthalene (up to 84 %), phenol, cresols and xylenols
(4—8%), pyridine bases (3—4%), and naphthalene oil (28—33%).
Range of applications: it serves as a feedstock for pure naphthalene and is also used as an ab-
sorbent to trap benzene hydrocarbons and at the same time remove the naphthalene from them.
Naphthalene fraction is used for making phthalic anhydride, which in turn is used in the production
of paints and lacquers. Phthalic anhydride is used in the construction industry as a feedstock for
concrete mix plasticizers.
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with Technical Requirements 1104-245733-395-173-
200 or in-house rail cars.
Technical requirements: Technical Requirements 1104-245733-395-173-2001.
Altai-Koks’ naphthalene fraction properties
Indicator Rate
Naphthalene content, mass %, minimum 84
Anthracene fraction
Anthracene fraction is a product of the fractional distillation of coal tar. It is produced on Altai-Koks
(wholly owned by NLMK Group) in the town of Zarinsk.
Packaging: It is poured into special-purpose rail cars or tank containers.
Range of applications: It is used for making black carbon and also in the building materials plants.
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with GOST 11126-88 and in-house rail cars.
Technical requirements: GOST 11126-88, Technical Requirements 2457-191-00190437-2003.
Properties of Altai-Koks’ anthracene oil as per GOST 11126-88
Name of indicator Actual value
Density at 20°С, g/cm3
1.14
Water content, volume % 0.6
Distillate content at 210°С, mass % 0.4
Distillate content at 300°С, mass % 17
Crude content, mass % not rated
Sedimentation at 70°С none
Cokeability (coking value), % 1.4
Sodium ion content, mass % 0.00012
Potassium ion content, mass % 0.000056
Mechanical impurity content, mass % none

Combustible mixture
Combustible mixture is a mixture of coal tar derivatives (naphthalene fraction, phenol fraction and
pitch distillates). It is produced at the Altai-Koks plant (part of NLMK Group) in Zarinsk.
Range of applications: It is burned in cogeneration plant boilers or used in carbon black production..
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with Technical Requirements 1104-245733-395-173-
200 or in-house rail cars.
Technical requirements: 1104-245733-395-173-2001.
Characteristics of Altai-Koks’ combustible mixture
, minimum 1045
(Superior) calorific value on a dry fuel basis, kJ/kg (kcal/kg), minimum 38,700 (9,243)
Relative viscosity at 80°С (RV80°С), in relative degrees, maximum 2.50
Flash point in an open cup, °С, not lower than 65
Water content, volume %, maximum 2
Mechanical impurity content, mass %, maximum 1
Phenolic oil
Coal-tar phenolic oil is a mixture of phenols (phenols, cresols, xylenols, etc.). It is produced at the
Altai-Koks plant (wholly owned NLMK Group) in Zarinsk.
Range of applications: It is used to derive phenol-formaldehyde resins, pesticides, desinfectants,
etc.
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 2425-196-
00190437-2004 OR in-house rail cars.
Technical requirements: TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 2425-196-00190437-2004.
Characteristics of Altai-Koks’ coal-tar phenolic oil
Phenol content, mass %, minimum 25
Water content, mass %, maximum 2
Presence of particulates that will not dissolve at 40°С none
Naphthalene content, mass % not rated
Oil for wood treatment
Wood treatment oil is a derivative of coal tar fractions. It is produced at the Altai-Koks plant (part of
NLMK Group) in Zarinsk.
Range of applications: It is used as an antiseptic, sleeper timberwork preservative, wooden pole
preservative, etc. and also for the construction and repairs of railways, in the ore mining industry,
for overhead power line poles and communication line poles.
Delivery: the consumer’s tanks in compliance with GOST 2770-74 or in-house rail cars.
Characteristics of Altai-Koks’ coal-tar oil for wood treatment
1090–1130
Toluene-insoluble substance content, mass %, maximum 0.3
Water content, volume %, maximum 1.5
Fractional composition, volume %
up to 210°С, max. 3
up to 275°С 10–35
up to 315°С 30–50
up to 360°С, min. 70
Sediment in oil heated to 35°С none
Viscosity at 80°С, in relative degrees, maximum 1.3
Flash point (°С), minimum 105

FERTILIZERS
A grade dolomite powder
A grade limestone (dolomite) powder is a fine inorganic material
mass-produced by crushing limestone or dolomite gravel and
screenings thereof. It is produced by Dolomit JSC (part of NLMK
Group) in the town of Dankov.
Appearance: powder ranging from light grey to grey in colour.
Packaging: a flexible intermediate bulk container (FIBC).
Range of applications: used as a fertilizer to reduce soil acidity
(neutralize, deoxidize soils). It stimulates beneficial microorganisms and annelids, which help revi-
talize the soil, and increases the efficiency of phosphorous fertilizers. It may be used in any season.
It is also used in the mineral fertilizers plants and combined fodder and mineral supplements to
bird and animal diets. It has found a use in the glass and construction industry, manufacture of
ceramic tile and dry mortars, and is also used as a filler in concrete and asphalt concrete.
Marking: manufacture marking: weight, shipment date, powder grade, grain distribution, moisture
content, reference to standards.
Delivery: in hoppers, cement trucks, mineral hoppers and gondola cars (packed into: metal and
soft-wall sacks of the big bag type).
Storage: A grade limestone (dolomite) powder in storage must be protected from moisture and
impurities.
The dolomite powder made by Dolomit JSC boasts high magnesium and calcium content.
Physicochemical properties
Parameter Grade A
Nutrients (CaCO3
+MgCO3
), % 93.7
Calcium oxide (CaO), % 30.83
Magnesium oxide (MgO), % 18.52
SiO2
, % 4.73
R2
O3
, % 0.80
F2
O3
, % 0.46
Grain distribution, %:
+10 mm — 0
+5 mm — 0
+3 mm — 0,12
+1 mm — 0,86
Moisture content, mass % 0,36

C grade dolomite powder
C grade limestone (dolomite) powder is a fine inorganic
material mass-produced by crushing limestone or dolomite
gravel and screenings thereof. It has a higher moisture content
than that of grade A. It is produced by Dolomit JSC (part of
NLMK Group) in the town of Dankov.
Appearance: Powder ranging from light grey to grey in colour.
Packaging: FIBCs.
Range of applications: It is used as a fertilizer to reduce soil acidity (neutralize, deoxidize soils). It
stimulates beneficial microorganisms, which help revitalize the soil, and increases the efficiency of
other phosphorous fertilizers. It is also used in the mineral fertilizers plants and combined fodder
and mineral supplements to bird and animal diets. It has found a use in the glass and construction
industry, manufacture of ceramic tile and dry mortars, and is also used as a filler in concrete and
asphalt concrete.
Marking: weight, shipment date, powder grade, grain distribution, moisture content, reference to
the below standard.
Delivery: it’s heaped into gondola cars.
Storage: C grade limestone (dolomite) powder in storage must be protected from moisture and
impurities. To reduce congelation of C grade limestone (dolomite) powder, prophylactic additives
must be put into it from October to March or other measures to maintain its friability must be
taken. Potassium chloride with a mass fraction of at least 5% (GOST 4568) or other compounds that
act in a similar way may serve as prophylactic additives.
The dolomite powder made by Dolomit JSC boasts high magnesium and calcium content.
Parameter C grade
Nutrients(CaCO3
+MgCO3
),% 91.65
Calcium oxide (CaO),% 31.95
Magnesium oxide (MgO),% 18.1
SiO2
,% –2.40
R2
O3
,% –0.60
F2
O3
,% 0.42
Grain distribution,%:
+10 mm — 0
+5 mm — 5
+3 mm — max 20
+1 мм — max 40
Moisture content, mass %
October—March: max. 6
April—September: up to 12
Ammonium sulphate
Ammonium sulphate — chemical formula (NH4
)2SO4
— is
a nitrogen-sulphur mineral fertilizer. Ammonium sulphate
contains 21% of ammoniated nitrogen and 24% of sulphur
and is a highly efficient nitrogen-sulphur fertilizer. Ammo-
nium sulphate is produced at the Altai-Koks and NLMK
plants.
Appearance: white crystalline powder that may come in light
yellow and pink tints.
Packaging: FIBCs.
Range of applications: Ammonium sulphate used for nitrogen-sulphur nutrition of all crop types
both as an ingredient of the basic fertilizer and supplements. Recommend use for all crop types
(from potatoes to citrus plants) grown in black soil and gray soil and also in the manufacture of
compound fertilizers. The ammonium sulphate crystal also used for npk-fertilizers.
Marking: weight, shipment date, moisture content, reference to the below standard.
Delivery: shipment by sea, by rail and by truck in bulk or packed in containers (metal and soft-wall
ones of the big bag type).
Technical requirements: GOST 9097-82, Technical Requirements 113-03-625-90, GOST R 51520-99
“Mineral fertilizers”.
Storage: Ammonium sulphate is stored in sheltered warehouses that protect it from the ingress of
moisture.
Certification: Authorized in the list of recommended fertilizers.
The ammonium sulphate for export is produced and packed in compliance with the terms of con-
tracts between companies and international economic and trade organizations.
Chemical and Physical Ammonium sulphate Properties (NLMK and Altai-Koks plants)
Parameter Rate
The ammonium sulphate structure:
Nitrogen on an anhydrous basis, %, at least 21
Water, % 0,2
Sulphuric acid, %, maximum 0,03
Fractional composition of fertilizer:
Fraction the quantity of over 0.5 mm, %, at least 80
Less than 6 mm, % 100
Crumbliness, % 100
The chemical structure of ammonium sulphate meets the requirements of domestic standards,
Technical Requirements 113-03-625-90 technical specifications, and the following regulations:
GOST R 51520-99 “Mineral fertilizers. General technical specifications”

GASES
Liquid argon
Liquid argon is a by-product of air separation into oxygen and pure nitrogen. NLMK Lipetsk and
NLMK Ural produce prime argon in cylinders.
Gaseous argon liquefies at -185.9°С. The liquid argon has an extremely low temperature, therefore
it’s necessary to cover all skin areas and wear safety goggles when working with it.
It belongs to the class of Dangerous Goods so the delivery of liquid argon must be done in strict
adherence to the rules of carriage.
Liquid argon is made in accordance with GOST 10157-79.
NLMK Lipetsk and NLMK Ural ship liquid argon from their plants in Lipetsk and Revda.
Packaging: liquid argon is poured into tanks or cylinders.
Range of applications: Liquid argon is designed for use as a shielding atmosphere in welding,
cutting and smelting of active and rare metals and alloys thereof, aluminium, aluminium and mag-
nesium alloys, stainless heat-resistant nickel-chromium alloys and various grades of alloy steel,
and also for the refining of metals in the metals industry.
Appearance: it is an odourless, nontoxic, rather turbid substance.
Delivery: pick-up only, delivery is not an available option.
Minimum order quantity: 1 cylinder (6 m3
)
Name of indicator Prime grade
Argon content, volume % 99.996
Oxygen content, volume % 0.00033
Nitrogen content, volume % 0.003
Aqueous vapour content, volume % 0.0002

Krypton-Xenon mixture
The mixture of krypton and xenon is derived from the atmospheric air by means of low-temperature
that involves intermediate removal of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon oxidation products.
The mixture of krypton and xenon is made in accordance with GOST 10218-77.
NLMK Lipetsk ships the mixture of krypton and xenon from its manufacture in Lipetsk.
Packaging: cylinders.
Each cylinder filled with the mixture of krypton and xenon must be accompanied by a quality assur-
ance document.
The quality document must contain:
∙∙ name of the manufacturer and its trademark;
∙∙ product name;
∙∙ cylinder number;
∙∙ date of manufacture;
∙∙ gas pressure;
∙∙ quantity of gas in the cylinder
∙∙ weight of the cylinder and valve before it is filled with krypton;
∙∙ results of analyses or confirmation of the product’s compliance with the requirements of the
above standard; reference to the above standard.
Range of applications: The mixture of krypton and xenon is used in the making of krypton and
xenon, which in turn are used in electrical engineering.
Appearance: inert colourless, tasteless and odourless gas.
Technical requirements: GOST 10218-77, Technical Requirements 14-106-398-2016.
).
Krypton content,, volume % minimum 99.5 (together with xenon)
Xenon content, volume %, minimum 5
Nitrogen content, volume %, maximum 0.4
Oxygen content, volume %, maximum 0.05
Methane content, volume %, maximum 0.01
Carbon dioxide content, volume %, maximum 0.01
Aqueous vapour content, volume %, maximum, which corresponds
to the temperature at which the mixture of krypton and xenon gets
saturated with water vapours at 101.3 Pa (760 mm Hg), °С, not higher
than -42°С
0.01
Liquid nitrogen
Liquid nitrogen is a by-product of air separation into oxygen and pure nitrogen Liquid nitrogen has
a temperature of –196°C at atmospheric pressure; it is separated from air (78% N2), stored and
transported in isolated tanks, is neutral.
NLMK Lipetsk and NLMK Ural ship liquid nitrogen from their plants in Lipetsk and Revda.
Packaging: liquid nitrogen is poured into tanks or cylinders.
Range of applications: liquid nitrogen is used as a cooling agent and may also be gasified.
Appearance: transparent liquid.
).
Name of indicator Rate for (industrial) liquid nitrogen, 1st
choice
Nitrogen content, volume % 99.99952
Liquid oxygen
Liquid industrial oxygen is a by-product of air separation into oxygen and pure nitrogen.
NLMK Lipetsk and NLMK Ural ship liquid oxygen from their plants in Lipetsk and Revda.
Packaging: It is poured into cylinders.
Range of applications: After gasification, the liquid industrial oxygen is used in the flame machin-
ing of metals and also for other technical needs.
Appearance: pale blue liquid.
).
Name of indicator Industrial oxygen 1st
choice
Carbon dioxide content, cm3
in 1 dm3
of liquid oxygen, maximum 2.0

Neon helium mixture
NLMK produces the compressed gaseous mixture of neon and helium in accordance with Technical
Requirements U 24.1-14299304-004-2002.
NLMK Lipetsk ships the mixture of neon and helium from the Lipetsk plant.
Packaging: the mixture transported in steel cylinders.
Range of applications: used for getting neon and helium.
Appearance: Inert colourless, tasteless and odourless gas.
Technical requirement: Technical Requirements U 24.1-14299304-004-2002.
).
Name of indicator Neon helium mixture
Helium content, volume %, minimum 22.5
Neon content, volume %, minimum 67.5
Hydrogen content, volume %, maximum 3.0
Nitrogen content, volume %, maximum 7.0
Oxygen+argon content, volume %, maximum 0.001
42
BULK PRODUCTS

44 45BULK PRODUCTS
BY-PRODUCTS FOR CEMENT MAKERS . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Granulated blast-furnace slag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Crushed slag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Converter slag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Blast-furnace sludge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Clay and loam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Natural lumpy chalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Limestone beneficiation screenings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
BY-PRODUCTS FOR THE METALS INDUSTRY . . . . . . 75
Fluxing limestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Fluxing dolomite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Fused flux. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Limestone for fluxing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Limestone dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
BY-PRODUCTS FOR THE SUGAR INDUSTRY . . . . . . . 79
Technical limestone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
CONTENTS
CRUSHED STONE FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION. . . . . . 47
Crushed blast-furnace slag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Crushed steel slag from Lipetsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Limestone gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Dolomite gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Crystalline shale gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Sand for construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Crushed steel slag from NlMK Ural. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
CONCRETE AND ASPHALT AGGREGATE . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Limestone gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Dolomite gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Slag pumice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Crushed steel slag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Microsilica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Iron oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
A grade dolomite powder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
CRUSHED STONE
FOR THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . 65
Crushed steel slag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Dolomite gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

47BULK PRODUCTS46
CRUSHED STONE
FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Bulk materials have found a widespread use in motor road construction: road surfaces, roadbeds,
additional roadbed layers and other structural layers of road paving.
Based on origin, the bulk building materials may be classified into artificial (manufactured) ma-
terials, naturally occurring materials and products of manufacturing waste treatment. Depending
on the origin materials, the crushed stone that is made out of them may have different physicome-
chanical properties.
Material Origin Manufacturing site Crushability
grade
Abrasion
grade
Frost resistance
grade
Flakiness
group
Crushed blast-furnace
slag
By-product
of steelmaking
NLMK, Lipetsk 1000 ИIV F300 1
Crushed basic-oxygen-
furnace slag
By-product
of steelmaking
NLMK, Lipetsk 1000 ИI F25 1
Crushed electric-arc-
furnace slag
By-product
of steelmaking
NLMK Ural
Revda, Sverdlovsk
Oblast
800 ИII F25 1
Limestone gravel
Natural
(limestone quarry)
Stagdok,Lipetsk 400 ИIII F25 1
Dolomite gravel
Natural
(dolomite quarry)
Dolomit,Dankov,
Lipetsk Oblast
400—600 ИIII F50 2
Crystalline shale gravel
Natural
(iron ore deposit)
Stoilensky, Stary
Oskol, Belgorod
Oblast
1200 ИI F50 3
Note: The guaranteed parameters are determined in an applicable GOST/STO/TU that is referred to below; for informa-
tion purposes, the table contains the average actual values obtained in 2017–2019.
The use of a specific type of bulk materials is governed by motor road design and road construction
rules and regulations and other technical standards.

48 49BULK PRODUCTS
Crushed steel slag
from NLMK Lipetsk
Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is a by-product of basic
oxygen steelmaking. The smelting of steel goes along with
iron and iron impurity oxidation and also the melting of
fluxing rock types (limestone or lime) added to the furnace
charge. It results in a nonmetallic phase called ‘slag’.
Observing the slag processing technology, the steel slag
is poured into slag troughs, where it is cooled, crushed into large lumps and then heaved into slag
dumps to mature. Thereafter the plant workers use special-purpose equipment to extract steel
scrap from it, crush and screen it into various fractions.
Crushed steel slag has excellent physicomechanical properties, which makes it a product that is as
strong as the materials produced by crushing naturally occurring rock.
Crushed steel slag belongs to the first class of building materials (GOST 30108-94), which can be
used in all types of construction.
Using man-made raw materials, we move towards zero-waste manufacturing, reduce the con-
sumption of nonrenewable natural resources and our environmental footprint.
Fractional composition (grain size)
According to grain size, crushed stone (gravel) is classified into fractions ranging from the smallest
to the biggest nominal grain size:
10–20 mm 20–40 mm 40–70 mm Crushed stone & sand mix 0–10 mm
Physical properties
Clay particle
content, %
Grain shape, % Soft grain
content, %
Metal particle
content, %
Activity, kgf/cm2
Structure
stability (weight
loss), %
Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
1.0 1.2 Max. 3.0 4.5 6.53 4.0 8.6
Mechanical properties
Crushability grade Abrasion grade Frost resistance grade Bulk density, t/m3
1000 ИI F25 1.6 – 1.7
tion purposes, the tables contain the average actual values obtained in 2017–2019.
Crushed steel slag meets the requirements of GOST 3344-83 “Crushed slag and slag sand for road
construction”.
Crushed slag is shipped by rail and by truck.
Shipment from Novolipetsk railway station.
Crushed blast-furnace slag
from NLMK Lipetsk
Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag (ACBFS) is a byproduct of iron
ore smelting done to make pig iron. Once the iron is recovered,
the gangue is melt at blast-furnace temperatures because the
charge contains flux (limestone), thereby forming the slag. The
cooled blast-furnace slag is then crushed and screened into
fractions, resulting in a strong, lightweight and eco-friendly
material.
Crushed blast-furnace slag boasts high performance parameters: enhanced strength, frost and
water resistance. It is a solid, lightweight and eco-friendly material.
Crushed blast-furnace slag belongs to the first class of building materials (GOST 30108-94), which
can be used in all types of construction.
0–5 mm 5–20 mm 0–20 mm 0–40 mm 0–70 mm 20–70 mm 20–40 mm 40–70 mm 70–120 mm
Physical properties
Clay particle
content, %
Grain shape, % Weak grain
content, %
Metal particle
content, %
Structure
stability (weight
loss), %
Activity, kgf/cm2
Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
Max. 3 1.3 Max. 5 0.2 0.61 5.61 133.4
Crushability grade Abrasion grade Frost resistance grade Bulk density, t/m3
1000 ИIV F300 1.25–1.3
Crushed blast-furnace slag meets the requirements of GOST 3344-83 “Crushed slag and slag sand
for road construction".

50 51BULK PRODUCTS
Dolomite gravel
from Dolomit, town of Dankov, Lipetsk Oblast
Dolomite gravel is a naturally occurring material produced by crushing dolomite rock. Dolomite
gravel has fairly high frost resistance and strength. It is used in road construction and other types
of construction.
5–20 mm 10–40 mm 20–40 mm 40–70 mm
Physicomechanical properties
Crushability
grade
Frost resistance
grade
Abrasion grade Dustlike and
clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Bulk density,
t/m3
400–600 F50 ИIII Max. 5 5.5 20 1.3
Dolomite gravel for road construction is produced in accordance with STO 00186861-002-2017
“Dolomite gravel”.
Shipment from Dankov railway station.
Limestone gravel
from Stagdok, Lipetsk
Limestone gravel is a naturally occurring material produced by mechanically crushing rock forma-
tions at a crushing and beneficiation plant. Limestone gravel is a moderately strong, eco-friendly
material that it is recommended to use in construction and that is indispensable in road construction.
5–20 mm 8–25 mm 20–30 mm 50–100 mm
Crushability
grade
Frost resistance
grade
Abrasion grade Dustlike and
clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Bulk density,
t/m3
400 F25 ИIV 3.8 8.8 8.5 1.3
Limestone gravel is produced in accordance with STO 00186855-042-2017 “Crushed stone for
construction”.
Shipment from Chugun I railway station.

52 53BULK PRODUCTS
Crystalline shale gravel
from Stoilensky Mining and
Beneficiation Plant, city of Stary
Oskol, Belgorod Oblast
Crystalline shale gravel is a naturally occurring bulk material
produced by crushing rock formations followed by screen sizing
of crush. Crystalline shale belongs to the group of solid rocks,
boasts high strength and low water absorption. It is used in road
construction.
20–60 mm Crushed stone & sand mix 0–20 mm
Qualities
Crushability
grade
Frost resistance
grade
Abrasion grade Clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Bulk density,
t/m3
1200 F50 ИI 1.1 1.6 25.3 1.8
Technical requirements for the crystalline shale gravel for road construction are set out in TU
08.12.12-0005-00186826-2019 “Solid rock gravel”.
Shipment from Stoilenskaya railway station.
Sand for construction
from Stoilensky Mining and Beneficiation Plant,
city of Stary Oskol, Belgorod Oblast
Natural sand is an accompanying mineral from the Stoilenskoye iron ore deposit. The sand is
heaped into a dedicated dump, from where it is sold to end users.
Qualities
Sand group Sand
class
Fineness
modulus
Total residue
on sieve
No. 63, %,
max.
Lumpy clay
content, %,
max.
Grains the
size of over
10 mm,
mass %,
maximum
Grains the
size of over
5 mm, mass
%, maximum
Grains the
size of over
0.16 mm,
mass %,
maximum
Dustlike and
clay particle
content, %,
max.
Fine,
ultra fine
II 1.0—2.0 30 0.5 1.0 10 20 5
The loose sand content is 1.5 g/cm3
.
The solid sand content is 1.78 g/cm³.
Technical requirements for natural sand are set out in STO 00186826-025-2015.

54 55BULK PRODUCTS
Crushed steel slag
from NLMK Ural, town of Revda,
Sverdlovsk Oblast
Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag is a byproduct of steelmaking
that forms when fluxing rock types (limestone or lime) melt in
electric arc furnaces. It results in a nonmetallic phase called
‘slag’. Observing the slag processing technology, the steel slag is
poured into slag troughs, where it is cooled, crushed into large
lumps and then heaved into slag dumps to mature. Thereafter
the plant workers use special-purpose equipment to extract
steel scrap from it, crush and screen it into various fractions.
Crushed steel slag has excellent physicomechanical properties, which makes it a product that is as
strong as the materials produced by crushing naturally occurring rock.
10–20 mm 20–70 mm 70–120 mm Crushed stone & sand mix 0–10 mm
Physical properties
Clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Metal particle
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Activity, kgf/cm² Structure
stability (weight
loss), %
Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
0.6 1.69 0.5 0.77 3.1 0.45 20.8
Crushability grade Abrasion grade Frost resistance grade Bulk density, t/m³
800 ИII F25 1.2–1.4
Crushed steel slag is produced in accordance with STO 55791017-004-2014 “Crushed slag for road
construction”.
Shipment from Revda railway station.
CONCRETE
AND ASPHALT
AGGREGATE

56 57BULK PRODUCTS
from NLMK Lipetsk
Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is a byproduct of iron ore
smelting done to make pig iron. Once the iron is recovered,
the gangue is melt at blast-furnace temperatures because
the charge contains flux (limestone). The cooled blast-furnace
slag is then crushed and screened into fractions, resulting in a
strong, lightweight and eco-friendly material.
Crushed blast-furnace slag has found a widespread use as a filler in heavyweight, fine-aggregate
and refractory concrete, and in infills.
0–5 mm 5–20 mm 0–20 mm 20–40 mm
Physical properties
Grain shape, % Structure stability, % Dustlike particle content, % Metal particle content, % Radionuclides, Bq/kg
0.8 0.64 2.0 0.14 133.4
600 ИIV F150 1.1 – 1.2
Chemical analysis results
S, % CaO, % MnO, % FeO, % Al2
O3
, % SiO2
,% MgO, % Loss on ignition, %
0.6 40.20 0.52 0.52 6.69 41.0 10.10 0.6
NLMK’s blast furnace slag meets the requirements of GOST 5578-94 “Crushed stone and sand
made out of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy slag for concrete”.
Limestone gravel
Limestone gravel is a naturally occurring material produced by mechanically crushing rock forma-
tions at a crushing and beneficiation plant. Limestone gravel is a moderately strong, eco-friendly
material. It is successfully used as a filler in heavyweight concrete.
to the biggest nominal grain size.
5–20 mm 8–25 mm
Crushability grade Frost resistance
grade
Clay particle
content, %
Soft grain content,
%
Flake-shaped grain
content, %
Bulk density, t/m3
400 F25 3.8 8.8 8.5 1.3
SiO2
,% CaO + MgO, % MgO, % Insoluble residue, mass %
1.2 53.9 0.64 1.75
Note: The guaranteed parameters are determined in an applicable GOST/STO/TU that is referred to below; for infor-
mation purposes, the tables contain the average actual values obtained in 2017–2019.
Limestone gravel is produced in accordance with STO 00186855-042-2017 “Crushed stone for
construction”.

58 59BULK PRODUCTS
Slag pumice
from NLMK Lipetsk
Slag pumice is an artificial porous filler produced by
making pores in molten blast-furnace slag followed by
cooling, crushing and screen sizing thereof. Crushed slag
pumice and slag pumice sand are used as a porous filler
in lightweight concrete and also in heatproof and sound-
proof infills.
0–5 mm 5–10 mm 10–20 mm
Crushability grade Strength grade Radionuclide content, Bq/kg Bulk density, t/m3
800 П250 129,6 0,8–1,0
Slag pumice made by NLMK meets the quality requirements of GOST 9757-90 “Artificial porous
sand, gravel and crushed stone”.
Dolomite gravel
Dolomite gravel is a naturally occurring material produced by crushing dolomite rock. Dolomite
gravel boasts high frost resistance and strength and low water absorbability and is an optimum
material for making heavyweight concrete.
5–20 mm 5–25 mm 20–40 mm
Crushability
grade
Frost resistance
grade
Abrasion grade Clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Bulk density,
t/m3
400–600 F50 ИIII 2.4 9.42 12.66 1.3
SiO2
,% MgO, % R2
O3
,% Insoluble residue, mass %
4.0 17.0 2.0 Max. 5
Dolomite gravel is produced in accordance with STO 00186861-002-2017 “Dolomite gravel”.

60 61BULK PRODUCTS
Microsilica
from NLMK Lipetsk
Microsilica is a product of ferroalloying produced by gas
cleaning of process furnaces while silicon and ferrosilicon
are being made. The main ingredient of microsilica
is amorphous silicon dioxide. It is used as a highly
active mineral admixture to concrete that enhances its
performance: It makes the latter extra strong, improves
its frost, sulphate and corrosion resistance, and imparts
waterproofness. The condensed microsilica is labelled
MK-85, with the number (85) specifying the minimum
permissible silicon dioxide (SiO2
) content.
For ease of storage and transportation, the condensed
microsilica is compacted with the aid of special-purpose
equipment.
Indicator Value, %
Condensed microsilica content on an anhydrous substance basis, mass %, minimum 98.9
Loss on ignition (LOI), mass %, maximum 2
Silicon dioxide (SiO2
) content, mass %, minimum 85
Calcium oxide (CaO) content, mass %, maximum 1.9
Microsilica meets the quality requirements of TU-14-106-709-2004.
It is shipped in soft containers. Loose microsilica is transported in cement trucks.
Crushed steel slag
Sverdlovsk oblast
Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag is a by-product of steelmaking
that forms when fluxing rock types (limestone or lime) melt in
electric arc furnaces. It results in a nonmetallic phase called ‘slag’.
Observing the slag processing technology, the steel slag is poured
into slag troughs, where it is cooled, crushed into large lumps
and then heaved into slag dumps to mature. Thereafter the plant
workers use special-purpose equipment to extract steel scrap from
it, crush and screen it into various fractions.
Crushed steel slag boasts high strength. It may be used as a filler in concrete grades through to
В22,5 class (grade 300).
Using man-made raw materials, we move towards zero-waste manufacturing, reduce the
consumption of nonrenewable natural resources and our environmental footprint.
10–20 mm Crushed stone & sand mix 0–10 mm
Physical properties
Clay particle
content, %
Soft grain
content, %
Metal particle
content, %
Flake-shaped
grain content, %
Activity,
kgf/cm²
Structure stability
(weight loss), %
Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
0.45 4.03 0 0.6 2.6 0.4 126
800 ИI F50 1.5
CaO, % MgO, % SiO2
, % Al2
O3
, % MnO, % FeO, %
30÷55 3÷6 10÷20 2÷5 4 ÷10 15÷35
Crushed steel slag is produced in accordance with TU 14-177-74-2009 “Crushed steel slag and
slag sand for building materials” and meets the technical requirements of GOST 5578-94 “Crushed
stone and sand made out of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy slag for concrete”.
Crushed slag is shipped by rail and by truck. Shipment from Revda railway station.

62 63BULK PRODUCTS
A grade dolomite powder
from Dolomit, town of Dankov,
Lipetsk Oblast
A grade limestone (dolomite) powder is a fine inorganic
material mass-produced by crushing limestone or dolomite
gravel and screenings thereof. It has found a use in the glass
and construction industry, manufacture of ceramic tile and dry
mortars, and is also used as an additive in concrete partially
substituting cement.
Показатель Значение, %
Nutrients (CaCO3
+MgCO3
) 93.7
Calcium oxide (CaO) 30.83
Magnesium oxide (MgO) 18.52
SiO2
4.73
R2
O3
0.80
F2
O3
0.46
Moisture content, mass % 0.36
This product meets the quality requirements of GOST 14050-93 “Limestone (dolomite) powder”.
It is transported by rail and by truck in bulk or packed in containers (metal and soft-wall ones of the
big bag type).
Iron oxide
from NLMK Lipetsk.
Iron oxide is a chemical compound of iron and oxygen. It is
a product of the regeneration of spent pickling solution of
hydrochloric acid.
It is used in the paints and varnishes industry for making
paints, enamels and primers. It has also found a use in con-
struction for coating concrete, cement, bricks and ceramics.
It is one of the basic colourants for flagstone and silica brick
.
Indicator Rated value
TU 14-106-340-89
Actual value
Iron oxide content, mass %, minimum 95 99.5
Water-soluble substance content, mass %, maximum 0.6 0.43
Chloride content, mass %, maximum 0.3 0.11
Oil absorption, g/100 g of iron oxide, %, maximum 70 27.4
Residue on 0.063 mesh sieve after wet sifting, %, maximum 2.0 0.90
It is shipped in soft containers.

64 65BULK PRODUCTS
CRUSHED STONE
FOR THERMAL INSULATION
MATERIALS
from NLMK Lipetsk
Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is a byproduct of
iron-making that forms when the charge inputs, i.e. iron
ore and coke, melt in the furnace. The cooled blast-fur-
nace slag is then crushed and screened into fractions, re-
sulting in a strong, lightweight and eco-friendly material.
Crushed blast-furnace slag is used as a feedstock for
mineral slag wool.
0–5 mm 20–40 mm 40–70 mm 70–120 mm
At the request of end users, NLMK Lipetsk may produce an even coarser crushed slag.
Crushed slag the size of over 70–120 mm and over 40–70 mm is melted in cupolas; crushed slag
the size of over 20–40 mm is melted in electric (ore smelting) furnaces.
Crushability grade Acidity modulus, Ma Sulphur content, % Metal particle
content, %
Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
Bulk density, t/m³
1000 0.88 2.4 0.14 133.4 1.2
Crushed blast-furnace slag meets the requirements of GOST 18866-93 “Crushed blast-furnace
slag for mineral wool”.

66 67BULK PRODUCTS
DOLOMITE GRAVEL
from Dolomit, town of Dankov,
Lipetsk Oblast
Dolomite gravel is a naturally occurring material produced
by crushing dolomite rock. Mineral wool production involves
melting the dolomite and converting it into fibre, which will
later form mineral wool batting.
3–5 mm 3–15 mm 5–25 mm 20–40 mm 40–70 mm 70–120 mm
Crushability grade Metal particle content, % Radionuclide content, Bq/kg Bulk density, t/m3
400–600 2,4 9,3 1,3
Dolomite gravel is produced in accordance with STO 00186861-002-2017 “Dolomite gravel”.
Crushed slag is shipped by rail and by truck. Shipment from Dankov railway station.
Crushed steel slag
Sverdlovsk Oblast.
Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag is a byproduct of steelmaking that
forms when fluxing rock types (limestone or lime) melt in electric
arc furnaces. It results in a nonmetallic phase called ‘slag’. Ob-
serving the slag processing technology, the steel slag is poured
into slag troughs, where it is cooled, crushed into large lumps
and then heaved into slag dumps to mature. Thereafter the plant
workers use special-purpose equipment to extract steel scrap
from it, crush and screen it into various fractions.
Crushed steel slag of 70–120 mm fraction is used as a feedstock
for mineral slag wool.
Crushability grade Acidity modulus, Ma Sulphur
content, %
Metal particle content, % Radionuclide
content, Bq/kg
Bulk density, t/m³
800 0,74 0,12 1,2 8,187 1,2
mation purposes, the table contains the average actual values obtained in 2017–2019.
Shipment from Revda railway station.

68 69BULK PRODUCTS
BY-PRODUCTS
FOR CEMENT
MAKERS
Granulated
blast-furnace slag
from NLMK Lipetsk.
Granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) forms during the
smelting of iron when hot liquid blast-furnace slag is
rapidly cooled with water. It changes the slag structure
making it fine-grained. The resultant product boasts good
binding properties and is chiefly used as an active mineral
admixture to cement.
Chemical composition, %
SiO2
CaO Al2
O3
MnO MgO K2
O Na2
O S
38.7 40.2 7.71 0.28 11.2 0.80 0.51 0.86
Qualities
Moisture content, % Quantity of stonelike lumps, % Radionuclide content, Bq/kg Quality index Choice
7.2 0 36.5 1.45 2
Granulated slag meets the requirements of GOST 3476-74 “Granulated blast-furnace slag and
electrothermophosphoric slag for the manufacture of cement”.
It is shipped by rail and by truck.

70 71BULK PRODUCTS
Blast-furnace sludge
from NLMK Lipetsk.
Blast-furnace sludge is a dewatered sludge coming from water circulation systems of the blast
furnace shop’s gas cleaners.
Blast-furnace sludge has a lower iron content and higher nonferrous metal content, chiefly zinc.
Chemical parameters
Fetotal
, % SiO2
, % CaO, % Zn, % Moisture content,
%
LOI, mass % Extraneous
impurity content
37.1 6.5 9.0 1.1 13.2 26.3 -
Blast-furnace sludge is produced in accordance with TU 14-106-800-2013 “In-process sludge in
BF shop 2”.
Clay and loam
from Stoilensky Mining
and Beneficiation Plant, city of
Stary Oskol, Belgorod Oblast
Clay is a fine-particle sedimentary material composed of
various minerals. Loam is a clay that has a high silt and sand
particle content. Clay rock is used as an ingredient of the raw
mixture for cement. Moistened clay swells and becomes pliable,
which has a beneficial effect on the quality of cement.
Stoilensky's clay and loam are accompanying minerals from the
local iron ore deposit.
Qualities
Moisture content, %, max. SiO2 content, mass %, max.
25 70
The requirements for clay and loam are set out in the company standard STP 00186826-26/40.01-
50-2016 “Clay and loam for the manufacture of nonmetallic materials”.
Crushed slag
from NLMK Lipetsk.
Crushed BOF slag for cement manufacturing is produced by
processing the steel slag at a crushing and screening facility
into a fine fraction.
Fraction, mm Grains the size of over
10 mm, mass %
Iron oxide (Fe2
O3
+FeO)
content, mass %
Moisture content, % Extraneous impurity
content, %
0–10 Max. 8 Min. 23 Max. 10 0
Crushed slag for cement manufacturing is produced in accordance with STO 05757665-020-2014.
Converter slag
from NLMK Lipetsk.
Converter slag is a by-product of basic oxygen steelmaking. Slags
from BOF shops are rich in iron and are used as an iron-contain-
ing corrective additive in the cement industry.
Based on the iron oxide content, BOF slag produced by NLMK is
classified into A grade BOF slag and B grade BOF slag.
Slag grade Iron oxide (Fe2
O3
+FeO) content,
mass %
Moisture content, % Extraneous impurity content
Grade A Min. 70 6-10 —
Grade B Min. 50 8-12 —
Converter slag is produced in accordance with TU 14-106-593-99 “Converter slag for the manufac-
ture of building materials”.

73BULK PRODUCTS72
Limestone beneficiation
screenings
from Stagdok, Lipetsk.
The screenings are a product of fluxing limestone ben-
eficiation during the manufacture of finished products –
technical limestone and crushed stone for construction.
The screenings are a feedstock for binders in the cement
industry and may also be used as an additive and filler in
concrete, grouts, dry mortars, for manufacturing roofing
and ceramic materials, and preparing mixtures for road-
beds and motor road surfaces.
Качественные характеристики
Name of indicator М1 grade
(fraction of 0–15 mm)
М2 grade
(fraction of 0–10 mm)
Calcium oxide (CaO) content, mass %, minimum 50.0 50.0
Silicon dioxide (SiO2
) content, mass %, maximum 4.0 6.0
Magnesium oxide (MgO) content, mass % 0.5 – 1.0 0.5 – 1.5
Moisture content, %, maximum 12.0 12.0
Radioactivity: aggregate radium, thorium and potassium
content, Bq/kg, maximum
370 370
Lumps the size of “above an upper limit”, %, maximum content 10.0 15.0
Dustlike and clay particle content, mass %, maximum 6.5 10.0
The quality of screenings meets the quality requirements of STO 00186855–044–2017 “Fluxing
limestone beneficiation screenings”.
Natural lumpy chalk
from Stoilensky Mining and Beneficiation Plant,
city of Stary Oskol, Belgorod Oblast
Natural chalk is a soft, pulverulent sedimentary rock that is basically a facies of loose daub
limestone; it is mainly composed of finest calcium carbonate particles. Chalk easily disintegrates in
contact with water and is a good feedstock for portland cement. Chalk is also used for constructing
and repairing buildings and structures, making lime, and in the glass and ceramics industry.
Qualities
CaCO3
+ MgCO2
expressed as CaCO3
, %
Pe (III) oxide, % Hydrochloric acid-
insoluble substance
content, %
Moisture content, % Loam, clay and marl
impurities, %
Min. 90 Max. 0.5 Max. 5.0 Max. 16 Max. 10
The quality of natural lumpy chalk meets the quality requirements of STO 00186826-2019 “Natural
lumpy chalk from special-purpose open pits”.
Stoilensky’s natural chalk is shipped by truck in accordance with the haulage rules applicable to
truck shipments.

75BULK PRODUCTS74
BY-PRODUCTS
FOR THE METALS INDUSTRY
Fluxing limestone
Fluxing limestone is a natural limestone that crushing
and beneficiation plants process into various fractions
and mixes of fractions. Crushed limestone is used in the
manufacture of sinter, lime, ferruginated lime, and also
for smelting iron. Limestone is used as an additive to
blast-furnace charge, in pellets and sinter, and is also
used in the ferroalloys and steelmaking operations. End
users determine a practical purpose of limestone and its
application technology according to their internal rules
and regulations.
8–25 mm 20–60 mm 50–100 mm
At the request of end users, Stagdok may produce limestone of another size.
CaO + MgO, %, min SiO2
, %, max MgO, %, max Insoluble residue,
mass %, max
S, %, max P, %, max
51.5 1.5; 2.0 5.0 2.0; 4.0 0.06 0.06
The moisture content of limestone is agreed by end users based on its natural moisture content in
spring-summer and autumn-winter periods.
Crushed limestone is produced in accordance with STO 00186855-043-2017.
It is shipped out to end users by rail and by truck.

76 77BULK PRODUCTS
Fluxing dolomite
Fluxing dolomite is a crushed raw dolomite from the Europe's biggest dolomite deposit — the
Dankovskoye deposit. Dolomite is the cheapest source of magnesium oxide that is used as flux in
the iron and steel industry. Fluxing dolomite is used in the sintering and basic oxygen steelmaking
operations as a raw material additive to molten metal.
Based on the silicon dioxide (SiO2
), magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO) and sesquioxide
(R2
O3
) content and grain distribution, raw dolomite is classified into various grades.
The numbers indicate the low of the rated raw dolomite grain size in mm.
Grades and fractional composition of raw dolomite
Grade DK-3 DO-20 DO-50 DM-0 DF-10 DF-20
Fraction 3–15 mm 20–50 m 50–90 mm 0–5 mm 10–40 mm 20–90 mm
Range of
application
For the
manufacture
of limestone-
periclase brick
For basic oxygen steelmaking For sintering operations
Grade DK-3 DO-20 DO-50
MgO content, mass %, minimum 18.5 17.0 17.0
CaO content, mass %, maximum 33.0 — —
SiO2
content, mass %, maximum 1.6 4.0 4.0
R2
O3
content, mass %, maximum 1.0 2.0 2.0
Grade DM-0 DF-10 DF-20
Average monthly MgO content, mass %, minimum 15 17 17
Rejection limit on the MgO content of some batches, %,
maximum
14 16 16
Average monthly insoluble precipitate content, mass %,
maximum
6 5 5
Rejection limit on the insoluble precipitate content of some
batches, %, minimum
7 6 6
It is heaped into trucks or gondola cars and shipped out by truck and by rail respectively.
Fused flux
from NLMK Lipetsk
Fused flux is an alloy of metal salts and oxides that is produced by the fusing-together of charge
ingredients in an electric arc furnace followed by the granulation of melt. Fused flux is used in
automatic and semiautomatic arc welding and weld overlays, electroslag remelting of steel and
alloys.
Flux grade SiO2
,% MnO, % CaO, % MgO, % Al2
O3
, % K2
O
Na2
O, %
CaF2
, % Fe2
O3
, %,
max
S, %,
max
P, %,
max
An-348f 36–44 26–38 <6.5 5–10 <6 — 4–8 2 0.15 0.12
An-348fm 36–44 26–38 <6.5 5–7.5 <5 — 3.5–6 2 0.15 0.12
An-60f 36–46.5 26–41 3–11 0.5–3 <5 — 5–8 1.5 0.15 0.15
An-20cf 19–24 <0.5 3–9 9–13 27–32 1-3 25–33 1.6 0.08 0.15
Anf-29f 11–19 — 24–30 2–9 13–19 — 27–45 0.5 — —
Anf-28f 20–25 — 24–32 <9 <5 — 28–49 1.5 — —
An-295f <6 — 26–31 <6 49–56 — 11–20 — — —
The moisture content of flux must not exceed 0.1%.
Flux is packed into paper bags as per GOST 2226-75, metal drums as per GOST 4761-91 or other
containers that preserve it while it is in transit. With the end user’s consent, flux may be shipped in
open containers or heaped into railcars.
Limestone for fluxing
Sverdlovsk Oblast
Fluxing limestone is used as flux at steelworks and lime-making plants. Limestone is used as an
additive to blast-furnace charge, in pellets and sinter, and is also used in the ferroalloys and steel-
making operations.
Qualities
Fraction CaO+MgO, %, minimum Lumps the size of “above an
upper limit”, %, maximum
content
Sand, clay and other impurities
content
0–40 mm 50 10 —
The limestone's qualities meet the quality requirements of STO 55791017-011-2017 “Limestone for
fluxing”.
Limestone is transported in railcars or trucks. Shipment from Revda railway station.

78 79BULK PRODUCTS
Limestone dust
from NLMK Lipetsk
Limestone dust forms when fluxing limestone and lime rock are calcined in rotary and shaft kilns.
Limestone dust is designed for use as an ingredient of the charge for furnaces sintering concen-
trates and iron ores.
Qualities
Fraction CaO+MgO, %, minimum CaO, %, minimum Fraction the size of over
15 mm, mass content,
maximum
0–15 mm 65 50 10
Limestone dust is stored in closed bins that are kept in dedicated rooms. Limestone dust is heaped
into the end user’s containers and hauled off by all means of roofed transport. While in storage and
in transit, limestone dust must be protected against ingress of moisture and contamination with
extraneous impurities.
BY-PRODUCTS
FOR THE SUGAR INDUSTRY

80
TECHNICAL LIMESTONE
Technical limestone is designed for use in sugar making. Using this material, sugar makers purify
the beet juice. They use limestone to clarify the derived product and clear the sugar of diffusion
juice impurities. To do a series of those operations, they need a high-quality technical limestone,
out of which a superior lime is made in compliance with all applicable norms and rules. The
saccharine liquid is passed through carbon dioxide that is formed in the process of burning. This
way they obtain a pure saccharine liquid in the end, which constitutes the basis of premium sugar.
Stagdok produces the technical limestone of 50–100 mm fraction.
Name of indicator Indicator
Calcium carbonate content, %, minimum 93.0
Hydrochloric acid-insoluble substance content, mass %, maximum 3.0
Total aluminium and iron sesquioxide content, %, maximum 1.5
Magnesium carbonate content, %, maximum 3.0
Calcium sulfate content, %, maximum 0.15
The moisture content of technical limestone and the frequency with which it is measured are
agreed by and between the manufacturer and end user based on its natural moisture content.
The extracted limestone is radiation-free and, based on the massic activity of natural radionuclides,
belongs to the first class (a maximum of 370 Bq/kg) according to para. 12, section 11, chapter II of
“The Uniform Sanitary, Epidemiological and Hygienic Requirements for Goods that are Subject to
Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision”.
Technical limestone is produced according to STO 00186855–041–2017 “Technical limestone for the
sugar industry”.
It is shipped out to end users by rail and by truck.
SCRAP,
BY-PRODUCTS

82 83SCRAP, BY-PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIAL WASTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Pellets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
EAF Dust pellets from NLMK Ural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
EAF Dust pellets from NLMK Kaluga. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Calcium chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Salt solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Wood chips NLMK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Oil product waste and spent oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Waste oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Oil mix from NLMK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Steelmaking and blast furnace waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Graphitized electrode and electrode assemblies scrap . . . . . . . . . 101
Refractory scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Refractory scrap from NLMK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Refractory scrap from NLMK Ural. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Polymer material waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Waste paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Wood waste. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Waste piece goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
CONTENTS
MILL SCALE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Mill scale from NLMK Kaluga. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Mill scale from NLMK Ural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Mill scale from NLMK Metiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
STEEL AND CAST-IRON
SCRAP ROLLING MILL ROLLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Scrap rolling mill rolls from NLMK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Scrap rolling mill rolls from NLMK Ural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Scrap rolling mill rolls from VIZ-Steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
FERROUS SCRAP (CHAMFER). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
NONFERROUS AND ALLOYED METAL SCRAP . . . . . . 91
Hard zinc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Zinc ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Non-ferrous scrap NLMK Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Battery scrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

MILL SCALE
Scale is steelmaking waste that forms when the metal surface oxidises.
Mill scale
from NLMK Kaluga
Chemical and fractional composition, and
greasiness of scale
Name Total Fe %,
minimum,
SiO2
, %,
maximum,
Moisture content,
%, maximum
Greasiness
of scale, %,
maximum
5 mm sieve
residue, %,
maximum
Content 70 1 4 2 5
The quality of scale is governed by GOST 2787-75
The scale is heaped into trucks or railcars and shipped out.

STEEL AND CAST-IRON
SCRAP ROLLING MILL ROLLS
Cast and steel roll scrap is outworn rolls from rolling operations that cannot serve their intended
purpose any longer.
Scrap rolling mill rolls from NLMK
Dimensions and weight of steel rolls
Typical size, mm
260
×
1400
290
×
1600
440
×
1400
615
×
2030
850
×
1400
940
×
2100
1000
×
1630
1210
×
2000
1400
×
2000
1400
×
1400
1600
×
2000
1600
×
2030
Weight, t 0,8 1,1 2,6 6 8,7 9 14 19 33 23,5 42,5 40
Dimensions and weight of cast-iron rolls
Typical size, mm 790×2000 820×2300 900×2000 910×2300 1210×2000
Weight, t 10,7 11,5 14,5 15 19
Mill scale from NLMK Ural
Chemical and fractional composition, and greasiness of scale
Name Total Fe, %,
minimum
SiO2
, %, maximum Moisture content,
%, maximum
Greasiness
of scale, %,
maximum
5 mm sieve
residue, %,
maximum
Content 70 1 4 2 5
The quality of scale is governed by STO 55791017-003-2014 (industry standard).
The scale is heaped into trucks or railcars and shipped out. Requirements for trucks and railcars.
Mill scale from NLMK Metiz
Chemical and fractional composition, and greasiness of scale
Name Total Fe, %,
minimum
SiO2
, %, maximum Moisture content,
%, maximum
Greasiness
of scale, %,
maximum
5 mm sieve
residue, %,
maximum
Content 70 1 4 2 5
The quality of scale is governed by GOST 2787-75.
The scale to be shipped is packed into big bags and loaded into trucks or railcars. Requirements for
trucks and railcars.
Range of applications: scale is used as feedstock for steelmaking operations and as weighting
agent in heavyweight concrete.

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