NSDC-JnK 2013 District Wise Skill Gap Report.pdf

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District wise skill gap study for the
State of Jammu and Kashmir

District wise skill gap study for the State of Jammu and Kashmir
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Disclaimer:
National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) engaged ICRA Management Consulting Services Limited
(IMaCS) to prepare this report, which is based on independent research and analysis done by IMaCS.
This report is not based or derived from any other report or research paper. Any similarity with any
other paper may purely be a coincidence.
All rights reserved. All copyright in this report and related works is solely and exclusively owned by
NSDC. The same may not be reproduced, wholly or in part in any material form (including photocopying
or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some
other use of this report), modified or in any manner communicated to any third party except with the
written approval of NSDC.
This report is for information purposes only. While due care has been taken during the compilation of
this report to ensure that the information is accurate to the best of IMaCSs’ and NSDC’s knowledge and
belief, the content is not to be construed in any manner whatsoever as a substitute for professional
advice.
IMaCS and NSDC neither recommend nor endorse any specific products or services that may have been
mentioned in this report and nor do they assume any liability or responsibility for the outcome of
decisions taken as a result of any reliance placed in this report.
Neither IMaCS nor NSDC shall be liable for any direct or indirect damages that may arise due to any act
or omission on the part of the user due to any reliance placed or guidance taken from any portion of this
report.
Year of publishing: 2013

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Table of Contents
1. Jammu and Kashmir – Update Skill Gap Study ...................................................................................21
1.1. Background of the study.................................................................................................................21
1.1.1. Study objectives..........................................................................................................................21
1.1.2. Approach and Methodology .......................................................................................................22
1.1.3. Methodology used for forecasting demand and supply.............................................................24
1.1.4. Key definitions used in the report ..............................................................................................25
1.1.5. Study limitations .........................................................................................................................25
1.2. Socio-economic profile of Jammu and Kashmir..............................................................................26
1.3. Comparison of J&K – with special states and other states.............................................................40
1.4. Education and training profile ........................................................................................................44
1.5. Skill development initiatives...........................................................................................................49
1.6. Employment Exchange Performance..............................................................................................52
2. Employment Potential and qualitative skill gaps................................................................................58
2.1. Demand for human resources ........................................................................................................58
2.2. Supply of human resources.............................................................................................................62
2.3. Demand-supply gap ........................................................................................................................64
3. Mapping of high growth sectors.........................................................................................................65
4. Clusters in Jammu and Kashmir..........................................................................................................74
5. Qualitative skill gaps ...........................................................................................................................75
6. Youth aspirations ................................................................................................................................79
7. Recommendations..............................................................................................................................82
8. District Reports .................................................................................................................................109
8.1. Anantnag...................................................................................................................................110
8.2. Bandipora..................................................................................................................................136
8.3. Baramulla..................................................................................................................................156
8.4. Budgam .....................................................................................................................................175
8.5. Doda..........................................................................................................................................192
8.6. Ganderbal..................................................................................................................................211
8.7. Jammu.......................................................................................................................................229
8.8. Kargil .........................................................................................................................................259

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8.9. Kathua.......................................................................................................................................276
8.10. Kishtwar ................................................................................................................................296
8.11. Kulgam ..................................................................................................................................315
8.12. Kupwara ................................................................................................................................334
8.13. Leh.........................................................................................................................................356
8.14. Poonch ..................................................................................................................................377
8.15. Pulwama................................................................................................................................394
8.16. Rajouri...................................................................................................................................416
8.17. Ramban.................................................................................................................................435
8.18. Reasi......................................................................................................................................452
8.19. Samba....................................................................................................................................468
8.20. Shopian .................................................................................................................................483
8.21. Srinagar .................................................................................................................................502
8.22. Udhampur.............................................................................................................................527
List of Tables
Table 1: Key demographic indicators..........................................................................................................26
Table 2: Qualitative migration trends.........................................................................................................28
Table 3: Diversity in crops in Jammu and Kashmir .....................................................................................31
Table 4: Land holding pattern in Jammu and Kashmir ...............................................................................32
Table 5: Horticulture profile of Jammu and Kashmir..................................................................................33
Table 6: Manufacturing Snapshot in Jammu and Kashmir – 2010-11 ........................................................35
Table 7: Existing Industrial Estate – as of November 2012.........................................................................36
Table 8: achievements of J&K KVIB under PMEGP, from 2008-09 to 2012-13, as on 31.05.2013.............37
Table 9: KVIB performance – 2012-13........................................................................................................38
Table 10: Registered KVIB units under REGP - Rural Employment Generation Programme – 2010-11.....39
Table 11: Comparison of J&K with other states on education related parameters ...................................41
Table 12: Comparison of J&K with other states on select economic parameters......................................43
Table 13: Comparison of J&K with other states on select social parameters ............................................44
Table 14: Key Literacy indicators, Jammu and Kashmir..............................................................................44
Table 15: School education infrastructure in Jammu and Kashmir, 2010-11.............................................45
Table 16: Enrolments in Higher Education courses in Jammu and Kashmir...............................................45
Table 17: Social background of the students in J&K...................................................................................46
Table 18: Upcoming degree colleges in J&K ...............................................................................................47
Table 19: List of upcoming polytechnics in J&K..........................................................................................47
Table 20: ITI in Jammu and Kashmir – 2013 ...............................................................................................48

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Table 21: Himayat Scheme – Key indicators...............................................................................................52
Table 22: Registration at district employment centers ..............................................................................53
Table 23: Awareness creation initiatives performance – upto June 2013 .................................................57
Table 24: Incremental demand in Jammu and Kashmir, 2012 to 2022 ......................................................58
Table 25: Job role wise incremental demand in Jammu and Kashmir, 2012 to 2022 ................................60
Table 26: Incremental supply in Jammu and Kashmir, 2012 to 2022.........................................................62
Table 27: Incremental supply by skill level in Jammu and Kashmir, 2012 to 2022.....................................63
Table 28: Jammu and Kashmir number of Banks........................................................................................67
Table 29: Region-wise tourism category.....................................................................................................73
Table 30: Industrial cluster distribution in J&K...........................................................................................74
Table 31: Key skill gaps – by sector.............................................................................................................75
Table 32: Indicative list of opportunities for entrepreneurship .................................................................87
Table 33: High growth sectors where Government incentives are required for private training..............99
Table 34: Mapping of job roles outlined by select SSCs – comparison with courses existing in
Government ITIs in J&K.............................................................................................................................100
Table 35: Indicative list of training programs for private training providers............................................106
Table 36: Sectors where NSDC intervention is required in Jammu and Kashmir.....................................108
Table 37: Comparison of Anantnag district with Jammu & Kashmir – key indicators..............................110
Table 38: Key demographic indicators......................................................................................................111
Table 39: Crops grown in Anantnag district..............................................................................................112
Table 40: Number of small scale units and their employees in district Anantnag ...................................114
Table 41: School education infrastructure in Anantnag district...............................................................115
Table 42: Streams available with degree colleges in Anantnag district ...................................................115
Table 43: Key ITI indicators in the Anantnag district ................................................................................116
Table 44: Details of ITIs in Anantnag district ............................................................................................116
Table 45: Details of Polytechnics in Anantnag district..............................................................................117
Table 46: Incremental Demand in Anantnag district - 2012 to 2017 .......................................................122
Table 47: Incremental Demand in Anantnag district - 2017 to 2022 .......................................................123
Table 48: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Anantnag ..................................................................134
Table 49: Comparison of Bandipora district with Jammu & Kashmir – key indicators.............................136
Table 51: Crops grown in Bandipora district in 2012-13 ..........................................................................137
Table 52: Fruits grown in Bandipora district in 2012-13...........................................................................138
Table 53: Number of small scale units and their employees in district Bandipora ..................................139
Table 54: School education infrastructure in Bandipora district..............................................................140
Table 55: Streams available with degree colleges in Bandipora district ..................................................140
Table 56: Key ITI indicators in the Bandipora district ...............................................................................140
Table 57: Details of ITIs in Bandipora district, as of September 2013......................................................141
Table 58: Incremental Demand in Bandipora district - 2012 to 2017 ......................................................146
Table 59: Incremental Demand in Bandipora district - 2017 to 2022 ......................................................146
Table 60: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Bandipora.................................................................154

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Table 61: Comparison of Baramulla district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators .........................156
Table 63: School education infrastructure in Baramulla district, as of 2010-11 ......................................158
Table 64: Streams available with degree colleges in Baramulla district...................................................159
Table 65: Key ITI Indicators in Baramulla District, as of 2011-12 .............................................................159
Table 66: Details of ITI in Baramulla District, as of 2011-12.....................................................................159
Table 67: Incremental Demand in Baramulla district - 2012 to 2017.......................................................166
Table 68: Incremental Demand in Baramulla district - 2017 to 2022.......................................................167
Table 69: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Baramulla .................................................................174
Table 70: Comparison of Budgam district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ............................175
Table 72: Area and production for different agriculture crops in the district of Budgam........................177
Table 73: Area and production for different horticulture crops in the district of Budgam during 2013-14
..................................................................................................................................................................177
Table 74: Statistics of Animal Husbandry in 2007.....................................................................................178
Table 75: Industrial area in the district of Budgam ..................................................................................178
Table 76: Craft wise total registered units up to June 2013.....................................................................179
Table 77: School education infrastructure in Budgam district, as of 2011-12 .........................................179
Table 78: Streams available with degree colleges in Budgam district......................................................180
Table 79: Key ITI Indicators in Budgam District, as of 2011-12.................................................................180
Table 80: Details of Govt. ITIs for Budgam district ...................................................................................180
Table 81: Incremental Demand in Budgam - 2012 to 2017......................................................................185
Table 82: Incremental Demand in Budgam - 2017 to 2022......................................................................186
Table 83: Skill gaps in Agriculture and allied sector..................................................................................189
Table 84: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom .....................................................................................190
Table 85: Comparison of Doda district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators.................................192
Table 87: School education infrastructure in Doda district, as of 2011-12 ..............................................195
Table 88: Streams available with degree colleges in Doda district...........................................................195
Table 89: Key ITI Indicators in Doda District, as of 2011-12 .....................................................................195
Table 90: Details of Govt. ITIs for Doda district ........................................................................................195
Table 91: Incremental Demand in Doda - 2012 to 2017...........................................................................201
Table 92: Incremental Demand in Doda - 2017 to 2022...........................................................................202
Table 93: Skill gaps in Agriculture and allied sector..................................................................................205
Table 94: Key Tourists spots in Doda........................................................................................................206
Table 95: Skill gaps in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality sector..................................................................207
Table 96: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Doda district............................................................207
Table 97: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Doda .........................................................................209
Table 98: Indicative Skilling required in Handicraft and Handloom sector in Doda.................................209
Table 99: Comparison of Ganderbal district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators.........................211
Table 100: Key demographic indicators....................................................................................................212

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Table 101: Area and production for different agriculture crops in the district of Ganderbal..................213
Table 102: Area and production for different horticulture crops in the district of Ganderbal ................213
Table 103: Statistics of Animal Husbandry ...............................................................................................214
Table 104 : Animal Husbandry Schemes..................................................................................................214
Table 105: Details of year wise distribution of employment generation in manufacturing sector .........214
Table 106: Industrial area in the district of Ganderbal.............................................................................215
Table 107: Craft wise total registered units between October 2007 and March 2013............................215
Table 108: School education infrastructure in Ganderbal district, as of 2010-11....................................216
Table 109: Streams available with degree colleges in Ganderbal district ................................................216
Table 110: Key ITI Indicators in Ganderbal District, as of 2011-12...........................................................217
Table 111: Details of Govt. ITIs for Ganderbal district..............................................................................217
Table 112: Incremental Demand in Ganderbal - 2012 to 2017 ................................................................221
Table 113: Incremental Demand in Ganderbal - 2017 to 2022 ................................................................222
Table 114: Skill gaps in Agriculture and allied sector................................................................................225
Table 115: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handlooms..................................................................................226
Table 116: Skill gaps in Tourism sector.....................................................................................................227
Table 117: Comparison of Jammu district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators............................229
Table 119: List of operational medium scale industrial units in Jammu district ......................................231
Table 120: School education infrastructure in Jammu district, as of 2011-12.........................................233
Table 121: Streams available with degree colleges in Jammu district .....................................................233
Table 122: Key ITI Indicators in Jammu District, as of 2011-12 ................................................................233
Table 123: Details of Govt. ITIs for Jammu district...................................................................................234
Table 124: Incremental Demand in Jammu - 2012 to 2017......................................................................240
Table 125: Incremental Demand in Jammu - 2017 to 2022......................................................................241
Table 126: Skill gaps in Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Sector...............................................................245
Table 127: Key Tourists spots in Jammu...................................................................................................246
Table 128: Skill gaps in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality sector................................................................247
Table 129: Skill gaps in Food processing Sector........................................................................................248
Table 130: Skill gaps in Retail Banking Sector in Jammu district ..............................................................249
Table 131: Skill gaps in Insurance Sector in Jammu district......................................................................249
Table 132: Skill gaps in Building, Construction industry and Real estate sector in Jammu district..........250
Table 133: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Jammu district.......................................................251
Table 134: Skill gaps in Other Manufacturing Sector................................................................................252
Table 135: Indicative courses for capacity building in Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Sector...............255
Table 136: Indicative courses for capacity building in Tourism, Travel, and Hospitality..........................256
Table 137: Indicative courses for capacity building in Food processing...................................................256
Table 138: Indicative courses for capacity building in BFSI ......................................................................256
Table 139: Indicative courses for capacity building in Building, Construction and Real Estate ...............257
Table 140: Indicative courses for capacity building in Unorganized Sector-Handicraft and Handloom ..257
Table 141: Indicative courses for capacity building in Other Manufacturing Sector................................257

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Table 142: Comparison of Kargil district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators...............................259
Table 144: School education infrastructure in Kargil district, as of 2010-11............................................261
Table 145: Streams available with degree colleges in Kargil district........................................................262
Table 146: Key ITI Indicators in Kargil District, as of 2011-12...................................................................262
Table 147: Details of Govt. ITIs for Kargil district......................................................................................262
Table 148: Incremental Demand in Kargil - 2012 to 2017 ........................................................................267
Table 149: Incremental Demand in Kargil - 2017 to 2022 ........................................................................268
Table 150: Key Tourist spots in Kargil.......................................................................................................271
Table 151: Skill gaps in Travel, tourism and hospitality sector.................................................................273
Table 152: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Kargil.......................................................................274
Table 153: Comparison of Kathua district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ............................276
Table 155: Area sown under different agriculture crops in the district of Kathua – 2011 -12.................278
Table 156: School education infrastructure in Kathua district, as of 2012-13 .........................................279
Table 157: Streams available with degree colleges in Kathua district......................................................279
Table 158: Key ITI Indicators in Kathua District ........................................................................................280
Table 159: Details of Govt. ITIs for Kathua district ...................................................................................280
Table 160: Incremental Demand in Kathua - 2012 to 2017......................................................................286
Table 161: Incremental Demand in Kathua - 2017 to 2022......................................................................287
Table 162: Skill gaps in agriculture and allied sector................................................................................290
Table 163: Skill gaps in textile sector........................................................................................................291
Table 164: Skill gaps in wood industry......................................................................................................292
Table 165: Skill gaps in handicraft and handloom sector .........................................................................293
Table 166: Recommendation for Private Training Providers....................................................................294
Table 167: Comparison of Kishtwar district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators..........................296
Table 169: School education infrastructure in Kishtwar district, as of 2011-12.......................................298
Table 170: Streams available with degree colleges in Kishtwar district...................................................298
Table 171: Key ITI Indicators in Kishtwar District, as of 2011-12..............................................................299
Table 172: Details of Govt. ITIs for Kishtwar district.................................................................................299
Table 173: Incremental Demand in Kishtwar - 2012 to 2017...................................................................304
Table 174: Incremental Demand in Kishtwar - 2017 to 2022...................................................................305
Table 175: Skill Requirements in Saffron cultivation in Kishtwar District.................................................308
Table 176: Skill Gaps in Agriculture and Allied Sector in Kishtwar District...............................................309
Table 177: Key Tourists spots in Kishtwar.................................................................................................309
Table 178: Skill Gaps in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Sector in Kishtwar District................................311
Table 179: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Kishtwar district ....................................................311
Table 180: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Kishtwar..................................................................313
Table 181: Comparison of Kulgam district with Jammu & Kashmir – key indicators ...............................315

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Table 183: Crops grown in Kulgam district, ..............................................................................................316
Table 184: Number of small scale units and their employees in district Kulgam.....................................318
Table 185: School education infrastructure in Kulgam district.................................................................319
Table 186: Streams available with degree colleges in Kulgam district.....................................................319
Table 187: Key ITI indicators in the Kulgam district..................................................................................319
Table 188: Details of ITIs in Kulgam district..............................................................................................320
Table 189: Details of Polytechnics in Kulgam district ...............................................................................320
Table 190: Incremental Demand in Kulgam district - 2012 to 2017.........................................................325
Table 191: Incremental Demand in Kulgam district - 2017 to 2022.........................................................326
Table 192: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Kulgam....................................................................332
Table 193: Comparison of Kupwara district with Jammu & Kashmir – key indicators.............................334
Table 195: Crops grown in Kupwara district in 2011-12...........................................................................336
Table 196: Fruits grown in Kupwara district in 2012-13...........................................................................336
Table 197: Government school education infrastructure in Kupwara district .........................................338
Table 198: Streams available with degree colleges in Kupwara district...................................................338
Table 199: Key ITI indicators in the Kupwara district ...............................................................................339
Table 200: Details of ITIs in Kupwara district............................................................................................339
Table 201: Incremental Demand in Kupwara district - 2012 to 2017.......................................................345
Table 202: Incremental Demand in Kupwara district - 2017 to 2022.......................................................346
Table 203: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Kupwara .................................................................354
Table 204: Comparison of Leh district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators..................................357
Table 206: School education infrastructure in Leh district, as of 2011-12...............................................359
Table 207: Streams available with degree colleges in Leh district ...........................................................359
Table 208: Key ITI Indicators in Leh District, as of 2011-12......................................................................360
Table 209: Details of Govt. ITIs for Leh district.........................................................................................360
Table 210: Incremental Demand in Leh - 2012 to 2017 ...........................................................................365
Table 211: Incremental Demand in Leh - 2017 to 2022 ...........................................................................366
Table 212: Key Tourist spots in Leh ..........................................................................................................371
Table 213: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Leh..........................................................................375
Table 214: Comparison of Poonch district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ...........................377
Table 216: School education infrastructure in Poonch district, as of 2010-11.........................................379
Table 217: Streams available with degree colleges in Poonch district.....................................................380
Table 218: Key ITI Indicators in Poonch District, as of 2011-12................................................................380
Table 219: Details of Govt. ITIs for Poonch district...................................................................................380
Table 220: Incremental Demand in Poonch - 2012 to 2017.....................................................................385
Table 221: Incremental Demand in Poonch - 2017 to 2022.....................................................................386
Table 223: Key Tourist spots in Poonch....................................................................................................390

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Table 224: Skill gaps in Travel, tourism and hospitality sector.................................................................391
Table 225: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Poonch....................................................................393
Table 226: Comparison of Pulwama district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators.........................394
Table 228: School education infrastructure in Pulwama district, as of 2010-11......................................397
Table 229: Streams available with degree colleges in Pulwama district ..................................................397
Table 230: Key ITI Indicators in Pulwama District, as of 2011-12.............................................................397
Table 231: Trades available in Pulwama ITI..............................................................................................398
Table 232: Incremental Demand in Pulwama district - 2012 to 2017 ......................................................403
Table 233: Incremental Demand in Pulwama district - 2017 to 2022 ......................................................404
Table 234: Comparison of Rajouri district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators............................416
Table 236: School education infrastructure in Rajouri district, as of 2011-12 .........................................419
Table 237: Streams available with degree colleges in Rajouri district......................................................419
Table 238: Key ITI Indicators in Rajouri District, as of 2011-12 ................................................................419
Table 239: Details of Govt. ITIs for Rajouri district ...................................................................................420
Table 240: Incremental Demand in Rajouri - 2012 to 2017......................................................................425
Table 241: Incremental Demand in Rajouri - 2017 to 2022......................................................................426
Table 243: Key Tourists spots in Rajouri...................................................................................................430
Table 244: Travel, tourism and hospitality sector ....................................................................................431
Table 245: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Rajouri ....................................................................433
Table 246: Comparison of Ramban district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ..........................435
Table 248: School education infrastructure in Ramban district, as of 2011-12 .......................................437
Table 249: Streams available with degree colleges in Ramban district....................................................437
Table 250: Key ITI Indicators in Ramban District, as of 2011-12 ..............................................................438
Table 251: Details of Govt. ITIs for Reasi district ......................................................................................438
Table 252: Incremental Demand in Ramban - 2012 to 2017....................................................................443
Table 253: Incremental Demand in Ramban - 2017 to 2022....................................................................444
Table 254: Skill Requirements in Bee keeping, honey extraction and Processing in Ramban District.....447
Table 255: Skill Gaps in Agriculture and Allied Sector ..............................................................................448
Table 256: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Ramban district.....................................................449
Table 257: Indicative courses for capacity building in Bee keeping, Honey Extraction and processing ..450
Table 258: Indicative Skilling required in unorganized sector in Ramban................................................451
Table 259: Comparison of Reasi district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ...............................452
Table 261: School education infrastructure in Reasi district, as of 2011-12 ............................................454
Table 262: Streams available with degree colleges in Reasi district.........................................................454
Table 263: Key ITI Indicators in Reasi District, as of 2011-12 ...................................................................454
Table 264: Details of Govt. ITIs for Reasi district ......................................................................................454

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Table 265: Incremental Demand in Reasi - 2012 to 2017.........................................................................460
Table 266: Incremental Demand in Reasi - 2017 to 2022.........................................................................461
Table 268: Key Tourist spots in Reasi........................................................................................................465
Table 269: Travel, tourism and hospitality sector ....................................................................................465
Table 270: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Reasi .......................................................................467
Table 271: Comparison of Samba district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators.............................468
Table 273: List of operational Large and Medium scale industrial units in Samba district ......................470
Table 274: School education infrastructure in Samba district, as of 2011-12..........................................471
Table 275: Streams available with degree colleges in Samba district ......................................................471
Table 276: Key ITI Indicators in Samba District, as of 2011-12.................................................................471
Table 277: Details of Govt. ITIs for Samba district....................................................................................471
Table 278: Incremental Demand in Samba - 2012 to 2017 ......................................................................476
Table 279: Incremental Demand in Samba - 2017 to 2022 ......................................................................477
Table 280: Skill gaps in Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Sector...............................................................480
Table 282: Recommendation for Private Training Providers in the form of courses in which training can
be imparted...............................................................................................................................................482
Table 283: Comparison of Shopian district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators...........................483
Table 285: Crops grown in Shopian district in 2011-12............................................................................484
Table 286: School education infrastructure in Shopian district, as of 2012-13........................................486
Table 287: Streams available with degree colleges in Shopian district....................................................486
Table 288: Key ITI Indicators in Shopian District, as of 2011-12...............................................................486
Table 289: Details of ITIs in Shopian district.............................................................................................487
Table 290: Incremental Demand in Shopian district - 2012 to 2017........................................................492
Table 291: Incremental Demand in Shopian district - 2017 to 2022........................................................493
Table 292: Key Tourist spots in Shopian ...................................................................................................498
Table 293: Indicative Skilling required in tourism in Shopian...................................................................500
Table 294: Comparison of Srinagar district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ..........................502
Table 296: School education infrastructure in Srinagar district, as of 2010-11 .......................................505
Table 297: Streams available with degree colleges in Srinagar district....................................................505
Table 298: Key ITI Indicators in Srinagar District, as of 2011-12...............................................................506
Table 299: Details of Govt. ITIs for Srinagar district .................................................................................506
Table 300: Key Tourists spots in Srinagar .................................................................................................516
Table 301: Skill gaps in Trade, Hotel and restaurant sector .....................................................................517
Table 302: Skill gaps in Food processing Sector........................................................................................517
Table 303: Skill gaps in Retail Banking Sector in Srinagar district.............................................................518
Table 304: Skill gaps in Insurance Sector in Srinagar district....................................................................519

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Table 305: Skill gaps in Building, Construction industry and Real estate sector in Srinagar district........519
Table 306: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Srinagar district.....................................................520
Table 307: Skill gaps in Other Manufacturing Sector in Srinagar district .................................................521
Table 308: Comparison of Udhampur district with Jammu and Kashmir – Key Indicators ......................527
Table 310: School education infrastructure in Udhampur district, as of 2011-12 ...................................530
Table 311: Streams available with degree colleges in Udhampur district................................................530
Table 312: Key ITI Indicators in Udhampur District, as of 2011-12 ..........................................................531
Table 313: Details of Govt. ITIs for Udhampur district .............................................................................531
Table 314: Incremental Demand in Udhampur - 2012 to 2017................................................................536
Table 315: Incremental Demand in Udhampur - 2017 to 2022................................................................537
Table 316: Skill Requirements in Mushroom cultivation in Udhampur District.......................................540
Table 317: Skill Requirements in Sericulture cultivation in Udhampur District .......................................541
Table 318: Skill gaps in Agriculture and allied sector in Udhampur District.............................................541
Table 319: Key Tourists spots in Udhampur .............................................................................................542
Table 320: Skill gaps in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality sector in Udhampur District .............................544
Table 321: Skill gaps in Handicraft and Handloom in Udhampur district.................................................544
Table 323: Indicative courses for capacity building in Agriculture and allied...........................................547
Table 324: Indicative Skilling required in unorganized sector in Udhampur............................................547
Table 325: Indicative Skilling required in unorganized sector in Udhampur............................................547
List of Figures
Figure 1: Approach and methodology used for assessment of skill gap ....................................................25
Figure 2: Demographic and worker profile of Jammu and Kashmir...........................................................27
Figure 3: Distribution of usually working persons in the principal status and subsidiary status by broad
industry division, 100% = 4.3 million ..........................................................................................................28
Figure 4: Distribution of out-migrants, 100% = 1 mn .................................................................................29
Figure 5: Reasons of out-migration, 100% = 1 mn......................................................................................29
Figure 6: GSDP of Jammu and Kashmir, in Rs. Crore ..................................................................................30
Figure 7: Sub sectoral contribution to GSDP - % comparison.....................................................................31
Figure 8: Land Utilization pattern in Jammu and Kashmir – 2010-11.........................................................32
Figure 9: SSI growth in Jammu and Kashmir...............................................................................................36
Figure 10: Registered SSI profile – Jammu and Kashmir regions................................................................36
Figure 11: Percentage share of services in service sector GSDP – 2012-13 ...............................................40
Figure 12: Literacy rate, % , as of 2011 – comparison with similar states..................................................41
Figure 13: Literacy rate, % , as of 2011 – comparison with other states....................................................41
Figure 14: No. of colleges per lakh of population (age group of 18-23 years) – comparison with similar
states, as of 2010-11...................................................................................................................................42
Figure 15: No. of colleges per lakh of population (age group of 18-23 years) – comparison with other
states, as of 2010-11...................................................................................................................................42

13
Figure 16: Per capita income, in Rs., as of 2012-13 : comparison with similar states................................42
Figure 17: Per capita income, in Rs. As of 2012-13 :comparison with other states ...................................42
Figure 18: SC and ST as a % of population, as of 2011 : comparison with similar states ...........................43
Figure 19: SC and ST as a % of population, as of 2011 : comparison with other states .............................43
Figure 20: Employment exchange organization structure..........................................................................52
Figure 21: Employment exchange registrations – 2009 to 2012................................................................55
Figure 22: Education wise composition of unemployed youth registered with the employment exchanges
in J&K, as of December 2012, 100% = 4.8 lakh...........................................................................................56
Figure 23: Skill wise incremental demand in Jammu and Kashmir – 2012 to 2022....................................60
Figure 24: Projected workforce of Jammu and Kashmir – 2022.................................................................63
Figure 25: Business in Banks (In Rs. crore)..................................................................................................67
Figure 26: District-wise production in 1000 MT – 2010-11 ........................................................................69
Figure 27: Handicrafts exports....................................................................................................................71
Figure 28: Craft wise direct export of handicraft items, as of 2010-11, 100% = Rs.1,000 crore................71
Figure 29: Tourist arrival in Jammu and Kashmir........................................................................................72
Figure 30: Skill development attractiveness – Jammu Region ...................................................................79
Figure 31: Skill development attractiveness – Kashmir Region..................................................................80
Figure 32: Skill development attractiveness – Ladakh Region....................................................................80
Figure 33: Youth aspirations – common themes across regions................................................................81
Figure 34: Recommendations framework – Jammu and Kashmir..............................................................82
Figure 35: J&K Recommendation for Government – Themes....................................................................83
Figure 36: Popular handloom and handicrafts of J&K ................................................................................92
Figure 37: Construction industry career path.............................................................................................99
Figure 38: Estimated GDDP of Anantnag district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore.....................................112
Figure 39: Total number of unemployed youth registered with the District Employment & Counselling
Centres......................................................................................................................................................119
Figure 40: Percentage of unemployed youth registered with the District Employment & Counselling
Centres, by level of education, as of December 2012..............................................................................120
Figure 41: SWOT Analysis of Anantnag district.........................................................................................121
Figure 42: Human resource pipeline in Anantnag district as of 2011-12 .................................................124
Figure 43: Human resource pipeline in Anantnag district as of 2022 (projected)....................................125
Figure 44: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Anantnag district – 2012 to 2017....................125
Figure 45: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Anantnag district – 2017 to 2022....................126
Centres......................................................................................................................................................143
Figure 48: SWOT Analysis of Bandipora district........................................................................................145
Figure 49: Human resource pipeline in Bandipora district as of 2011-12 ................................................148
Figure 50: Human resource pipeline in Bandipora district as of 2022 (projected)...................................148
Figure 51: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Bandipora district – 2012 to 2017...................149

14
Figure 52: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Bandipora district – 2017 to 2022...................150
Figure 53: Estimated GDDP of Baramulla district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore ....................................158
Centres......................................................................................................................................................162
Figure 56: SWOT Analysis of Baramulla district........................................................................................165
Figure 57: Human resource pipeline in Baramulla district as of 2011-12 ................................................168
Figure 58: Human resource pipeline in Baramulla district as of 2022 (projected)...................................168
Figure 59: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Baramulla district – 2012 to 2017 ...................169
Figure 60: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Baramulla district – 2017 to 2022 ...................169
Figure 61: Estimated GDDP of Budgam district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore .......................................177
Figure 62: Total number of unemployed youth registered with the District Employment & Counseling
Centre........................................................................................................................................................182
Figure 64: SWOT Analysis of Budgam district...........................................................................................184
Figure 65: Human resource pipeline in Budgam district as of 2011-12....................................................187
Figure 66: Human resource pipeline in Budgam district as of 2022 (projected)......................................187
Figure 67: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Budgam district – 2012 to 2017 ......................188
Figure 68: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Budgam district – 2017 to 2022 ......................188
Figure 69: Estimated GDDP of Doda district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore............................................194
Centre........................................................................................................................................................197
Figure 72: SWOT Analysis of Doda district................................................................................................200
Figure 73: Human resource pipeline in Doda district as of 2011-12 ........................................................203
Figure 74: Human resource pipeline in Doda district as of 2022 (projected)...........................................203
Figure 75: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Doda district – 2012 to 2017...........................204
Figure 76: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Doda district – 2017 to 2022...........................204
Centre........................................................................................................................................................219
Figure 79: SWOT Analysis of Ganderbal district .......................................................................................220
Figure 80: Human resource pipeline in Ganderbal district as of 2011-12................................................223
Figure 81: Human resource pipeline in Ganderbal district as of 2022 (projected) ..................................223
Figure 82: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Ganderbal district – 2012 to 2017...................224
Figure 83: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Ganderbal district – 2017 to 2022...................224
Figure 84: Estimated GDDP of Jammu district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore.........................................230

15
Centre........................................................................................................................................................236
Figure 87: SWOT Analysis of Jammu district.............................................................................................239
Figure 88: Human resource pipeline in Jammu district as of 2011-12 .....................................................242
Figure 89: Human resource pipeline in Jammu district as of 2022 (projected)........................................243
Figure 90: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Jammu district – 2012 to 2017........................244
Figure 91: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Jammu district – 2017 to 2022........................244
Figure 92: Estimated GDDP of Kargil district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore ...........................................261
Centre........................................................................................................................................................263
Figure 95: SWOT Analysis of Kargil district ...............................................................................................266
Figure 96: Human resource pipeline in Kargil district as of 2011-12........................................................269
Figure 97: Human resource pipeline in Kargil district as of 2022 (projected) ..........................................269
Figure 98: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kargil district – 2012 to 2017...........................270
Figure 99: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kargil district – 2017 to 2022...........................270
Figure 100: Estimated GDDP of Kathua district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore .......................................278
Centre........................................................................................................................................................282
Figure 103: SWOT Analysis of Kathua district...........................................................................................285
Figure 104: Human resource pipeline in Kathua district as of 2011-12....................................................288
Figure 105: Human resource pipeline in Kathua district as of 2022 (projected)......................................288
Figure 106: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kathua district – 2012 to 2017 ......................289
Figure 107: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kathua district – 2017 to 2022 ......................289
Centre........................................................................................................................................................300
Figure 110: SWOT Analysis of Kishtwar district ........................................................................................303
Figure 111: Human resource pipeline in Kishtwar district as of 2011-12.................................................306
Figure 112: Human resource pipeline in Kishtwar district as of 2022 (projected) ...................................306
Figure 113: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kishtwar district – 2012 to 2017 ...................307
Figure 114: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kishtwar district – 2017 to 2022 ...................307
Centres......................................................................................................................................................322

16
Figure 117: SWOT Analysis of Kulgam district ..........................................................................................324
Figure 118: Human resource pipeline in Kulgam district as of 2011-12...................................................327
Figure 119: Human resource pipeline in Kulgam district as of 2022 (projected) .....................................327
Figure 120: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kulgam district – 2012 to 2017......................328
Figure 121: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kulgam district – 2017 to 2022......................328
Centres......................................................................................................................................................342
Figure 124: SWOT Analysis of Kupwara district........................................................................................344
Figure 125: Human resource pipeline in Kupwara district as of 2011-12.................................................347
Figure 126: Human resource pipeline in Kupwara district as of 2022 (projected)...................................347
Figure 127: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kupwara district – 2012 to 2017 ...................348
Figure 128: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Kupwara district – 2017 to 2022 ...................348
Figure 129: Estimated GDDP of Leh district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore.............................................358
Centre........................................................................................................................................................361
Figure 132: SWOT Analysis of Leh district.................................................................................................364
Figure 133: Human resource pipeline in Leh district as of 2011-12 .........................................................367
Figure 134: Human resource pipeline in Leh district as of 2022 (projected)............................................367
Figure 135: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Leh district – 2012 to 2017............................368
Figure 136: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Leh district – 2017 to 2022............................368
Figure 137: Estimated GDDP of Poonch district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore ......................................378
Centre........................................................................................................................................................382
Figure 140: SWOT Analysis of Poonch district..........................................................................................384
Figure 141: Human resource pipeline in Poonch district as of 2011-12...................................................387
Figure 142: Human resource pipeline in Poonch district as of 2022 (projected) .....................................387
Figure 143: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Poonch district – 2012 to 2017 .....................388
Figure 144: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Poonch district – 2017 to 2022 .....................388
Centers......................................................................................................................................................399
Figure 146: Percentage of unemployed youth registered with the District Employment & Counseling
Centers, by level of education, as of December 2012..............................................................................399
Figure 147: SWOT Analysis of Pulwama district .......................................................................................402

17
Figure 148: Human resource pipeline in Pulwama district as of 2011-12................................................404
Figure 149: Human resource pipeline in Pulwama district as of 2022 (projected) ..................................405
Figure 150: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Pulwama district – 2012 to 2017...................405
Figure 151: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Pulwama district – 2017 to 2022...................406
Figure 152: Estimated GDDP of Rajouri district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore.......................................418
Centre........................................................................................................................................................422
Figure 155: SWOT Analysis of Rajouri district...........................................................................................424
Figure 156: Human resource pipeline in Rajouri district as of 2011-12 ...................................................427
Figure 157: Human resource pipeline in Rajouri district as of 2022 (projected)......................................427
Figure 158: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Rajouri district – 2012 to 2017......................428
Figure 159: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Rajouri district – 2017 to 2022......................428
Centre........................................................................................................................................................439
Figure 162: SWOT Analysis of Ramban district.........................................................................................442
Figure 163: Human resource pipeline in Ramban district as of 2011-12..................................................445
Figure 164: Human resource pipeline in Ramban district as of 2022 (projected)....................................445
Figure 165: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Ramban district – 2012 to 2017 ....................446
Figure 166: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Ramban district – 2017 to 2022 ....................446
Centre........................................................................................................................................................456
Figure 169: SWOT Analysis of Reasi district..............................................................................................459
Figure 170: Human resource pipeline in Reasi district as of 2011-12 ......................................................462
Figure 171: Human resource pipeline in Reasi district as of 2022 (projected).........................................462
Figure 172: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Reasi district – 2012 to 2017.........................463
Figure 173: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Reasi district – 2017 to 2022.........................463
Centre........................................................................................................................................................472
Figure 176: SWOT Analysis of Samba district ...........................................................................................475
Figure 177: Human resource pipeline in Samba district as of 2011-12....................................................478
Figure 178: Human resource pipeline in Samba district as of 2022 (projected) ......................................478
Figure 179: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Samba district – 2012 to 2017.......................479
Figure 180: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Samba district – 2017 to 2022.......................480

18
Centers......................................................................................................................................................488
Centers, by level of education, as of December 2012..............................................................................489
Figure 183: SWOT Analysis of Shopian district .........................................................................................491
Figure 184: Human resource pipeline in Shopian district as of 2011-12..................................................493
Figure 185: Human resource pipeline in Shopian district as of 2022 (projected) ....................................494
Figure 186: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Shopian district – 2012 to 2017.....................494
Figure 187: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Shopian district – 2017 to 2022.....................495
Figure 188: Estimated GDDP of Srinagar district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore .....................................504
Centre........................................................................................................................................................508
Figure 191: SWOT Analysis of Srinagar district.........................................................................................511
Figure 192: Estimated GDDP of Udhampur district, at current prices, in Rs. Crore .................................529
Centre........................................................................................................................................................532
Figure 195: SWOT Analysis of Udhampur district.....................................................................................535
Figure 196: Human resource pipeline in Udhampur district as of 2011-12..............................................538
Figure 197: Human resource pipeline in Udhampur district as of 2022 (projected)................................538
Figure 198: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Udhampur district – 2012 to 2017 ................539
Figure 199: Skill wise incremental demand and supply in Udhampur district – 2017 to 2022 ................539

19
List of Abbreviations and acronyms
Abbreviation/ acronym Full form
ASI Annual Survey of Industries
BFSI Banking, Financial Services and Insurance
Cr. Crore
Deptt. Department
DIC District Industries Centre
DRDA District Rural Development Agency
e.g. Example
EDP Entrepreneurship Development Programmes
EoI Expression of Interest
FDI Foreign Direct Investment
GDDP Gross District Domestic Product
GDI Gender Development Index
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GSDP Gross State Domestic Product
ha Hectares
HDI Human Development Index
HHI Household Industry
HR Human Resources
HRD Human Resource Development
IT Information Technology
ITES IT Enabled Services
ITI Industrial Training Institute
J&K Jammu and Kashmir
LMIS Labour Market Information System
MES Modular Employment Scheme
MHRD Ministry of Human Resource Development
MMTPA Million Metric Tonne Per Annum
MMV Mechanic Motor Vehicle
MNCs Multi-national companies
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
MSME Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises
MT Metric Tonnes
MW Megawatt
n/a Not applicable
NGO Non-Governmental Organisations
NH National Highway
NIFT National Institute of Fashion Technology

20
Abbreviation/ acronym Full form
No. Number
NSR National Skills Registry
PPP Public-Private Partnership
R&D Research and Development
RBI Reserve Bank of India
SC Scheduled Caste
SEZ Special Economic Zone
SHGs Self-Help Groups
sq.ft. Square Feet
sq.km. Square kilometre
SSC Sector Skill Council
SSI Small Scale Industry
ST Scheduled Tribe
SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

21
1. Jammu and Kashmir – Update Skill Gap Study
1.1. Background of the study
The state of Jammu and Kashmir lies in the northern-most part of India. The state shares its borders with
Punjab and Himachal Pradesh internally and shares international borders with China and Pakistan. Jammu
and Kashmir by itself internally has three regions – the Kashmir region, the Jammu region and the Ladakh
region. The state also has two capitals – the winter capital is Jammu and the summer capital is Srinagar. The
state is home to several scenic locations as well as locations of religious importance. Due to its unparalleled
beauty the state enjoys the sobriquet – “Paradise on Earth”.
Today the state is at a cusp – with economic development on the anvil along with equitable social
development. The transition of the state from being an economy solely dependent on the primary sector to
an economy that is exploring other sectors is under process.
Jammu and Kashmir has a GSDP (at constant prices) of Rs.43,627 crore in 2012-13 as against Rs.40,770 crore
in the year 2011-12 with growth of 7 per cent. This contributes to about 0.8 per cent of the nation’s GDP.
The state today is looking to boost the secondary and tertiary components of the economy and in the
process reduce the dependence on the primary sector.
It is at this cusp the human resource development assumes tantamount importance. For any economy
to transcend and grow, an adequate support from the human resource is a must. The HR which is
adequately equipped with the right skills and vision ensures that the economy and development move
in the right direction.
To support this growth human resources, the state has 59 technical/Industrial/Art and Craft schools with
an intake capacity of about 15,763 students; 32 polytechnics with intake capacity of about 7,0001
. There
are 72 colleges, 5 engineering colleges, 6 medical colleges, and 8 universities in the State. In addition,
the state government has come out with skill development policy for 12 five year plan with sector wise
targets focusing on vocational and technical education (target:277,915), micro and small scale industry
(target:134,000), horticulture (target:150,000), Tourism (target:14667), IT(target:98,000), health
(target:75,000), A&SH (target:30,000), Udaan (target:37,000), Himayat (target:95,000); total of 911,582.
Given this background, IMaCS has been appointed by the NSDC to assist in preparing district wise skill
gap study report of Jammu & Kashmir (update study).
1.1.1. Study objectives
The terms of reference for the study are as follows:
 Update the socio-economic profile – demography, economic profile of district by industry,
education and employment trends.
1
Source: J&K Economic Survey 2012-13

22
 Update the developmental opportunities keeping in mind factor endowments, stakeholder
perspectives and migration trends.
 Update and review implementation of specific developmental initiatives/ projects /government
schemes which have an impact on employment generation with details of how did they go
about on ground implementation and how many youth did they cover.
 Articulate the aspirations of the youth –for example, sectors and geographical areas they want a
job in, what kind of jobs and the reason for those jobs, does the education match with the
aspirations, etc.
 Update the current and future (2011-12 to 2017 and 2022) skills and manpower requirements
by industry and estimate the gap that exists
 Update the VT infrastructure both in the private sector and the government domain and study
the employment exchange performance in the following manner –
 Number of employment exchanges.
 Number of placements they do
 The placement process of the exchange
 Suggest suitable interventions/recommendations to address the skills gap
 Recommendations have to be specific and actionable
 Recommendations should also include specific initiatives that NSDC can take based on the
mandate of the organisation
 Create an action plan with indicative timelines
1.1.2. Approach and Methodology
The study has been conducted in three phases: (1) Diagnostics; (2) Synthesis; and (3) Recommendations.
The same has been achieved through a combination of primary and secondary survey.
Phase – 1: Diagnostic Phase
The objective of this phase was to review the socio-economic profile of the state and all the districts of
J&K. We have focused on analyzing the economic and social position of the district based on evolution
of the district and type of economic activity and status of education. The factor advantages, constraints
facing the district either due to intrinsic factors or common among the states, and the challenges going
forward have been analysed. We have thus understood the factor endowments of the district and the
potential it holds. At the end of this stage we have presented a snapshot of the district on economic and
social aspects and a SWOT of the district.
Phase – 2: Synthesis Phase
The objective of this phase was to map the development and employment opportunities in the district,
and assess the sectoral skill requirement. This was carried-out in three modules:
Module 1-Assessment of Development Potential: The objective of this phase was to identify
development opportunities across formal and informal sectors which provide livelihood
opportunities for employment.

23
Module 2 - Assessment of Employment Potential: For the developmental opportunities
identified, we forecasted district level employment potential for 2012 to 2022
Module 3 -Assessment of sectoral skill requirement and gap analysis: As a part of this, we
assessed the current and future skills required among the district level workforce and identified
the skill gaps which currently exist.
Phase – 3: Recommendations
Based on the results from Phase 1 and Phase 2, we framed our recommendations. Our
recommendations focus on various measures targeted at all ‘levels’ of the skill pyramid towards skill
building at a ‘district and state level’. Recommendations have interventions for the Government, Private
Players, Industry and NSDC. Our interventions focus on various measures/potential ideas/projects
required to be pursued for development and employment generation.
Primary Research
Given the nature of assignment, IMaCS met key Government officials to review the policy direction. We
also interacted with industry representatives in the formal and informal sector to understand human
resource and skill requirements from a district and regional as well as State level. In addition, we
administered a structured questionnaire to select companies and educational institutions to map the
current and future skill requirement.
As part of the field survey, some of the key stakeholders we interacted with at the district level were:
 District Collectors / Additional District Collectors
 General Manager – District Industries Centre
 Counsellor – District Employment and Counselling Centre (DECC)
 District nodal officer – JKEDI
 Planning officer
 Statistical officer
 Technical officer, Agriculture
 Field officer – Khadi and Village Industries Board (KVIB)
 Departments of handloom, handicraft, horticulture, tourism, animal husbandry, fisheries,
floriculture, goat and sheep husbandry etc.
 RSETI
 Lead banks
 Select industrial associations
 Select industries – both large and MSME
 NGOs and SHGs
 Select educational institutions such as universities, colleges, ITI, polytechnics, private training
institutes etc.
 Youth groups, etc.

24
The list is not exhaustive and varies from district to district depending upon the availability of the
personnel.
Secondary Research
We also relied on information available in the public domain that we considered reliable to validate the
findings of our primary survey. Some of the sources we have used are:
 Jammu and Kashmir Economic Survey 2012-13
 Digest of Statistics 2010-11
 J&K in Indian Economy March 2013
 Census 2001 and Census 2011
 Annual Survey of Industries
 Planning Commission
 Central Statistics Organization
 National Sample Survey Organization
1.1.3. Methodology used for forecasting demand and supply
As a part of the study, we have forecasted the demand and supply of human resources from 2012 to
2022. The demand and supply forecasts help determine the potential skill gaps (quantitative) in the
State as well as its different districts.
Demand side estimation
Different methodologies have been used for different sectors – based on difference in sector dynamics
as well as data availability.
Supply side estimation
The current stock of labour force is estimated by applying labour force participation rate (LFPR) to the
population. The stock of labour force is divided into different skill levels based on the level of
educational attainment.
The addition to the labour force (incremental supply to labour) is estimated based on the following:
 Gross out-turn: Out-turn of students at different levels of educational attainment. Out-turn is
based on student enrolment, adjusted for drop-out rates and pass rates.
 Net out-turn: Adjust the out turn for voluntary unemployment (i.e. students who are not
interested in joining the job market).

25
Figure 1: Approach and methodology used for assessment of skill gap
1.1.4. Key definitions used in the report
 Skill in formal sectors: Skill levels for formal sectors have been assessed based on the level
of education attainment in combination with experience, as outlined below. However, these
classifications are based on the standard definitions and an individual can possess skills
based on his/her experience and on-the-job learnings.
o Minimally-skilled workforce: Literate but below Xth
standard
o Semi-skilled workforce: Xth
+ 2/3 years of education
o Skilled workforce: Xth
+ 5 years of education
 Skill in informal sectors: Skill levels for informal sectors have been assed mainly based on
the experience and number of years spent in a particular trade. Number of years for which
experience is counted varies from sector to sector.
1.1.5. Study limitations
 Data availability: In some of the cases, it was a challenge conducting analysis based on
secondary data, as some of the data (especially at the district level) was unavailable –
especially on the time series basis. In some cases, there was also discrepancy in the data
obtained from the district level vis-à-vis the State level. Therefore, we used data sources
which we deemed reliable. Data for some indicators was even out-dated (e.g. Census 2001),
as latest data is still not available / published. Wherever, data availability was an issue, we
have used proxy indicators along with our own estimations. Also, in the case of the eight
new districts created (namely Bandipora, Reasi, Ramban, Ganderbal, Shopian, Samba,
Kulgam and Kishtwar) data on historical trend was not available. Hence, proxies and
discussion with stakeholders have been used to estimate the required data for these
districts

26
 Unavailability of key personnel: In some of the districts, some key stakeholders were
unavailable for meetings. However, we tried to establish contacts with next in-line referred
by stakeholders.
 Employment numbers: For certain sectors, number of people currently employed is not
available in public domain. Thus, we have relied on industry interactions and our
approximations in those cases. This is especially true for unorganised sectors.
1.2. Socio-economic profile of Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir is located in the northern most part of India. The State is divided into 22 districts.
New districts, namely Bandipora, Reasi, Ramban, Ganderbal, Shopian, Samba, Kulgam and Kishtwar have
been created in the State across the Jammu and Kashmir regions.
1.2.1. Demography
Jammu and Kashmir has a population of about 1.2 crore and it contributes to about one per cent to
India’s population. The state is divided into 22 districts across three regions – Kashmir, Jammu and
Ladakh.
Table 1: Key demographic indicators
Indicator Jammu and
Kashmir
India
Administrative Units (Census 2011) 2011 2011
No. of districts 22 640
No. of sub-districts/Tehsils 82 5,924
No. of Towns (Statutory and Census) 86 7,935
No. of Villages 6,551 640,867
Population 2011 2011
Total population (Crore) 1.25 121
Percentage of India’s population ~1% 100.0%
Population growth (Decadal) 23.64% 17.6%
Urban population 21.6% 31.1%
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) 883 940
Human Development Indicators
Human Development Index (HDI:2007-08) 0.38 0.47
HDI rank among 23 states 18 -
Gender Development Index (GDI: 2005-06) 0.51 0.59
GDI rank among 35 states/UTs 34 -
Vital Statistics 2011 2011
Literacy rate (Census 2011) 68.74% 74.0%
Birth rate (per 1,000 population) 17.8 22.1
Death rate (per 1,000 population) 5.5 7.2
Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 population) 41.0% 47.0%
Poverty 2011 2011
Below poverty line population 21.63% 29.8%
Source: UNDP; Census 2011, CMIE; Government of India Press Note, J&K in Indian Economy March 2013; IMaCS Analysis

27
Of the total population of Jammu and Kashmir State, about 78.4 percent live in the villages of rural areas
and the rest in urban areas. In actual numbers about 34.14 lakh live in urban areas and about 91.35 lakh
live in rural areas.
As of Census 2011, literacy rate in Jammu and Kashmir has seen upward trend and is 68.74 percent as
per 2011 population census. The gender gap in literacy for the state is about 20.25 per cent, with the
male literacy at 78.26 per cent.
As of 2001, the State’s workforce is estimated at about 37.5 lakh persons. About 49 per cent of them are
employed in agriculture and allied activities. The remaining 51 per cent are employed in non-agricultural
activities.
In 2011, the demographics of the workforce in J&K have shown a shift towards more workers being
employed in the non-agricultural sphere – 73 per cent. The agriculture and allied activities constitute to
about 27 per cent.
Figure 2: Demographic and worker profile of Jammu and Kashmir
Source: Census 2001, Census 2011, NSSO 66
th
Round
According to NSSO 66th round conducted in 2009-10, majority of the workers in J&K in rural areas at 60
per cent are in agriculture and allied activities. While in urban areas, majority of the workers are in
public administration (24%), trade, hotels and restaurants (22%), manufacturing (20%) and construction
(11%).
Population:
12.5 mn
Working age
population:
7.1 mn
Labour
Force: 5.14
mn
Work Force:
5.01 mn

28
Figure 3: Distribution of usually working persons in the principal status and subsidiary status by broad industry division,
100% = 4.3 million
Source: NSSO 66
th
Round
1.2.2. Migration
Migration is a phenomenon that is observed in the state. There is both in-migration and out-migration
from Jammu and Kashmir that happens. The following are the reasons quoted for migration:
Table 2: Qualitative migration trends
Migration type Reasons
Out-migration  For pursuing education – especially higher education.
This is predominantly observed in the youth who want
to pursue higher education
 Business opportunities – aspiring entrepreneurs moving
out to set-up their ventures
 Job aspirations – skilled and educated personnel
moving out of the state to explore various career
options. This is especially true in the case of youth who
aspire to find a place in sectors like IT
 Lifestyle – people not content with the way of like in
0%
1%
1%
3%
8%
8%
10%
10%
60%
0%
2%
4%
5%
20%
22%
24%
11%
11%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Mining
Electricity, water, gas
Financial intermediation
Transport etc.
Manufacturing
Trade, hotels & restaurants
Public adm
Construction
Agriculture
Urban
Rural

NSDC-JnK 2013 District Wise Skill Gap Report.pdf

NSDC-JnK 2013 District Wise Skill Gap Report.pdf

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NSDC-JnK 2013 District Wise Skill Gap Report.pdf