Potatoes Supply chain Management from Okara to Sunder state

u  The potato—already an integral part of the global food system, though not
a globally traded commodity.
u  Over the years, potato has become an important crop for both farmers
and consumers in Pakistan.
u  It is the fourth most important crop by volume of production.

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Suppliers Producers
ProcessorsEnd Consumers

u  Different suppliers contribute to make the supply chain management of
potatoes successful.
Contributors
seed
importers,
fertilizers,
plant
protection
chemicals,
farm
machinery,
irrigation
systems,
and fuel.

u  The main part of production is done in
central Punjab.
u  Landholders that approximately possess 25-250
acres of land constitute the major category of
the significant producers in potato’s supply
chain.
5

u  Significant processors in the country are Frito Lays (Pepsicola)
and Ismail Industry, producing brands of Lays and Kurlees with
a variation of seasoning and end product.

u  Due to the high trading
rate, the big trading
markets of potatoes
are in Okara, Depalpur
and Lahore.
u  Exports of table
potatoes their
quantities, values and
destinations are:

GLOBAL
SHARE OF
POTATO
EXPORTS
9
https://www.tdap.gov.pk/doc_reports/
TDAP_REPORT_ON_POTENTIAL_MARKETS_OF_POTATOES.pdf

THE USE OF LOW QUALITY
SEEDS
• Lack of availability of sufficient
quantities of good seeds and low
purchasing power of the farmers,
forcing them to rely on seed sources
of unreliable quality
FOLLOWING ARE THE ISSUES FACED BY THE POTATOES SUPPLY
CHAIN
10

• DDT or Thiabendazone
11

12

13

14

u  In Pakistan, Punjab alone contributes 95% of the entire potato production (3125.7
thousand tons in 2014).
u  Okara is the main area for potatoes production mainly in Punjab when compared
with other regions of Pakistan.
16
http://rizingnation.pk/detail/A-REVIEW-OF-FIFTY-YEARS-OF-POTATO-PORTFOLIO-RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT-IN-
PAKISTAN-1965-2015/-7XX7wx1EOnpFysGOTntj9FbhH8QlcAcafSdV0tenm8

LACK OF LOCAL QUALITY SEEDS
It lacks in the production of quality and certified seeds, which are usually being imported
mainly from Holland and sometimes from India as well. However, they have tissue culture
lab working for it.
ISSUE
Tissue Culture lab in Okara has a limited capacity and there is no/Little collaboration with
public seed production institutions.
Okara district is at an altitude of 180 m and seed production is favored at the higher
altitudes due to climatic condition. Hence, lowering the seed production rate.
17
http://agribusiness.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/
2015/04/5.Horticulture-Value-Chain-Assessment-
Jan-31-2013.pdf

SUGGESTIONS
u  Maximizing the capacity of tissue culture lab.
u  This would not only produce the Quality seed locally but causes the decrease in the number of seed
being imported, hence, increasing the gross profit.
u  There should be more tissue culture labs particularly in the NORTHERN AREAS as in Batakundi
( 2650m) and Skardu (2250m) for the production of seed as climatic conditions at these
areas favors the seed production.
u  The Public And Private Seed Production Institutions should work in collaboration to get a
better know how of the requirement in order to produce a best quality and certified local
seeds.
18
http://agribusiness.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/5.Horticulture-
Value-Chain-Assessment-Jan-31-2013.pdf

-INTERNATIONAL BREEDING PROGRAM
The tissue culture labs must have Links With The International Breeding Program in order to
improve the variety of seeds with the best growing capacities.
-LACK OF TECHNICAL EXTENSION:
When it comes to the farming practices in the Okara then the major drawback is the technical
extension.
ISSUES
u  The farmers do not have any proper idea how much and how often they have to irrigate
u  they do not have any idea that when they have to apply the preventive or curative spray
for potato blight disease
19
Jan-31-2013.pdf

SUGGESTIONS
u  They should given Proper Guidelines with an addition of the use of SOIL MOISTURE PROBES.
u  This will guide them the proper irrigation time.
u  For the blight disease control “Network for weather Station” must be developed.
u  This will measure the Humidity, Temperature, Precipitation, And Leaf Wetness of that particular
environment.
u  And will alarm the farmers when all of the factors are in the favor of potato blight outbreak
through SMS.
20
Jan-31-2013.pdf

-STORAGE CONDITIONS OF PRODUCE
The Warehouses near Okara for the storage of potatoes have a good labeling as they store the produce
of many growers but lack appropriate Storage conditions.
-ISSUE
u  Storage temperature for potatoes is 2 degree Celsius.
u  No system for the controlling and monitoring of humidity level.
u  No mechanical handling
21
Jan-31-2013.pdf

-
22
SUGGESTIONS
https://www.onions-potatoes.com/storage/potatoes.php

-SUGGESTIONS
u  Proper Humidity Controlling And Monitoring Systems Should Be Installed.
u  Forklift Should Be Used To Transport The Lot From One Place To Another .
-TRANSPORT FACILITY
u  The temperature is high in the central Punjab when crop is ready to transport to factory mainly in autumn
and summers.
-SUGGESTIONS
u  There should be WELL-REFRIGERATED TRANSPORT from the Okara to Sundar to prevent any damage to the
crop before reaching the processing unit of Sundar industrial estate
23
Jan-31-2013.pdf

FARMER FIELDS
Okara
EQUIPMENT'S
Farm Tools
Imported Seeds Local Seeds
Good Quality & Certified Seeds
Tissue Culture LabScientific panel
Fertilizers
International Breeders
Holland India Local Growers
Pesticides
Sunder food
processing Unit
Cold storage
House I
Whole Salers
Local Mandi
Cold storage
House II
Cold storage
House III

http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/agriculture_statistics/publications/Agricultural_Statistics_of_Pakistan_201011/tables/Table41.pdf
Question No# 1
Increase potato cultivation and production in recent years?
2011-12 173.7 0.4 8.6 2.2 184.9

http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/agriculture_statistics/publications/Agricultural_Statistics_of_Pakistan_201011/tables/Table41.pdf
2011-12 3235.3 3.9 120.6 32.7 3392.5

Question no 2:
How’s Swabi for the production of potato and its seed ?
Swabi land could serve for potato production but in winters as it is very hot region. However, according
to the studies (reference is given in the text section) altitude effects the sprouting capacity. Some says that
the seed with best quality could grow above 2300m however some says that seed would be having better
sprouting per tuber if altitude would be in between 700 m.a.s.l – 1500 m.a.s.l but would reduce above
1600 m.a.s.l. As for okara 180m seed are also being produced but not of good quality so if we consider
seed growth only with reference to altitude then there is a possibility that it could grow in sawabi
provided other climatic condition meets the requirement

Question no. 3
Why is okara the largest producer of potato crop in Pakistan, Punjab?
Okara is the main district as there are many opportunities and facilities for farmer in this district. ( Iqbal et al., 2015.) Farmers are
mostly aware of the different varieties of potatoes like desiri, Diamint & Santey, however, adaption level is focused on Santey (Butt
et al., 2008). The soils characteristics ( sandy and loamy fertile) further enhances the level of potato production and mostly farmers
are aware of recommended production technology but extension is still needed for more produce per acre ( Shakeel et al., 2017).
When it comes to the temperature mostly the crop in sown in autumn as temperature of that season favors the growth(75% of
production). Hence, all these things makes okara district the main producer of potatoes over other.
1.  http://seea.org.in/vol8-1-2008/5.pdf
2.  h t t p : / / w e b . b . e b s c o h o s t . c o m / a b s t r a c t ?
direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=10198180&AN=126651536&h=cTYfGg4GI62Info98NTZfMpoV0t1mF3FlympouDkw5rvpZNQGiUdaRjDYqUS
%2fvFzYJ2%2f6hqOAnVtZonpcSggeg%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite
%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d10198180%26AN%3d126651536
3.  http://ijecm.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/3616.pdf

https://owlcation.com/agriculture/Biological-vs-Chemical-Pest-Control
https://chem.uiowa.edu/sites/chem.uiowa.edu/files/people/shaw/150928%20-%20JE%20-%20Bad%20Science%20Pesticides.pdf
Question no. 4
Which Organic spray can be used for potatoes rather than the chemical
pesticides?
Use of Organic spray to control the pest won’t harm the environment and it would also not harm the non-
targeted organisms in contrast to chemical. However, it requires the good plant health management
strategy rather than the traditional IPM system. This would diagnose problem first through lab diagnostic
then identify the best possible organic spray to be used. There are many reasons to prefer organic sprays
over chemical as later one can cause a lot of human health risks as their remains would enter our body,
further it would damage the environment and can disturb ecological stability as well. Most importantly, it
makes many pest, resistant of it which is not the case with organic one.

https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/
1813/42897.1/organic-potatoes-NYSIPM.pdf?
sequence=1&isAllowed=y
u  Following are the list of organic sprays that can be used for organic potato disease management, it can be
used against bacterial soft rot, fusarium dry rot, early blight late blight, whit mold etc.

https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/
1813/42897.1/organic-potatoes-NYSIPM.pdf?
sequence=1&isAllowed=y

http://www.fao.org/potato-2008/en/potato/cultivation.html
Growing potatoes involves extensive ground preparation. Certain practices need to be followed once the potato
has been harvested. The soil needs to be harrowed until completely free of weed roots. In most cases, three
ploughings, along with frequent harrowing and rolling, are needed before the soil reaches a suitable condition:
soft, well-drained and well-aerated.
Moreover, the process of crop rotation—Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of dissimilar or different
types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons. It is done so that the soil of farms is not used for only one
set of nutrients—is highly recommended in order to maintain the quality of potato yield.
Question no. 5
. What practices should be followed to ensure good land quality after the potato has been harvested?

Although there are three routes from Okara to Sunder, however, taking the GT Road ( Blue Colour) for
transportation is preferred as it is the fastest and easiest one.
Question 6. Suitable route from Okara to Sunder.

35
•  http://agribusiness.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/5.Horticulture-Value-Chain-Assessment-
Jan-31-2013.pdf
•  http://rizingnation.pk/detail/A-REVIEW-OF-FIFTY-YEARS-OF-POTATO-PORTFOLIO-RESEARCH-AND-
DEVELOPMENT-IN-PAKISTAN-1965-2015/-7XX7wx1EOnpFysGOTntj9FbhH8QlcAcafSdV0tenm8
•  https://www.onions-potatoes.com/storage/potatoes.php
•  http://www.sbp.org.pk/publications/ChainReport/2015/Report%20on%20Potato%20Value%20Chain%20in
%20Pakistan.pdf
•  http://agribusiness.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/8.-Seed-Potato-Assessment-May-282013.pdf
•  http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Potato-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf

Potatoes Supply chain Management from Okara to Sunder state

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Potatoes Supply chain Management from Okara to Sunder state