COPD is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation caused by long-term exposure to noxious particles or gases. The two most common types are chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough, and emphysema, which involves destruction of the lungs over time. Risk factors include genes, tobacco smoke, air pollution and infections. Signs and symptoms include excessive cough, shortness of breath, wheezing and fatigue. Treatment objectives are to relieve symptoms, improve exercise tolerance and prevent exacerbations. Management includes bronchodilators, steroids, smoking cessation, oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation.

2. Definition
Types
Sign &
Symptom
Risk factors
Complication
Management

3. What is COPD ?
COPD is a lung disease
characterized by
persistent airflow
limitation that is
usually progressive &
associated with an
enhanced chronic
inflammatory response
in the airways & the
lung to noxious
particles or gases.

4. TYPES OF COPD
There are two most common conditions that contribute to COPD:
• Involves a
long–term
cough with
mucus.
CHRONIC
BRONCHI
TIS
• Involves
destruction of
the lungs over
time.
EMPHYSE
MA

5. Pathogenesis

7. Risk factors
 Genes.
 Exposure to particles.
 Tobacco smoke.
 Occupational dust , organic &
inorganic.
 Indoor & outdoor air pollution.
 Oxidative stress.
 Gender.
 Age.
 Socioeconomic status.
 Respiratory infections.
 Nutrition.

8. Sign & Symptoms
Excessive cough with sputum.
Shortness of breath.
RTI.
Chest tightness.
Wheezing.
Fatigue.
Anemia.
Anxiety.
Tachypnea.
Cyanosis.

9. Complications

10. Diagnosis

11. Treatment Objectives
 Relieve symptoms.
 Improve exercise tolerance.
 Improve health status.
 Prevent & treat exacerbations.
 Prevent disease progression.
 Reduce mortality.
 Slow accelerated decline in lung function.

12. Management of COPD
MANAGEMENT
PHARMACOLOGIC
NON-
PHARMACOLOGIC
1.Bronchodialator
2.Anti-Cholenergic
3.Corticosteroids
4.Inhaled combination
1.Smoking Cessation
2.Immunization
3.Long Term Oxygen Therapy
4.Pulmonary Rehabilitation