era 1 management thought

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SCIENCE
SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT
Based on true chapter in Daniel A. Wren book:
The History of Management Thought,
5th edition, 2005.

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PRESENTER:
Lidia Mayangsari
29013008 – MSM 2013
Scientific, Systemic, Managerial skills:
Inexplicably Green with Golden Passion

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3
Science and System in Management
(Presentation Material Format)
The Quest For Science In Management
as the introduction. It contains:
Old
Lessons
Relearned
Operation
Research
Production
Management
In Transition
that will also serve the background, result, and overall
impression of this chapter.

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Science and System in Management
(Presentation Material Format)
System and Information
as the body of this presentation. It contains:
General System
Theory
From the Computer Age
to Information Age
that will briefly describe the methods, variables, findings or results,
argument and conslusions, critics, examples, and what presenter
learned from the chapter.

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Science and System in Management
(Presentation Material Format)
Summary
as the conclusion of this presentation. It contains:
Discussion
Final Statements
Values

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READY...?
LET’S BEGIN...!

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Science and System in Management
(Introduction)
Numbers are the incredibles :
mathematics and statistics
are born with them.

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Science and System in Management
(Introduction)
Nature (inc. Human nature) has its
complicated rhythm to understand.

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Science and System in Management
(Introduction)
Humans are basically orderly, rational beings
who desire to control their environment.
Attemp to rationalize and systemize the workplace.
To measure and control organizational operations.

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Science and System in Management
(Introduction)
This chapter will show us:
•The journey to scientific management
•The need of systemic management
•The trace of modern management

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Science and System in Management
(Introduction)
Presenter’s Impression:
This chapter (hopefully) answers my
question in the very first session of the
class,”Is management a science?”.

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Science and System in Management
(The Quest for Science in Management)
Scientific
Management
Bayes:
numbers
and
statistics
Aristotle:
scientific
methods
Descartes:
mechanical
nature

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Operation
Research
Op. Res.
Societies
• Society
• Journals
Methods
• Quantitative
• Qualitative
Science and System in Management
(Operation Research)
Industriali-
zation
World War
I – II
Complex
problems
to solve

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Science and System in Management
(Production Management in Transition)
Production management courses are often the
repository for some of the most inappropriate
and intellectually stulfying materials to be
found in the business curriculum...
Many faculty members have little respect for
such courses...
And students complained more about the
pointlessness of this courses...
Gordon and Howell (1959)

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Science and System in Management
(Production Management in Transition)
New language of production/operations
management emerged.
– More mathematics and statistics.
– Strongly based on scientific method of
problem solving.
– Implementation of : linear programming,
game theory, decision tree, Monte Carlo
methods, simulations.
– Graphical tools : Gantt chart, CPM, PERT

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Science and System in Management
(Old Lessons Relearned)
Product
Quality
Product
Quantity

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Science and System in Management
(Old Lessons Relearned)
Deming identified seven deadly diseases that
caused US industry to go into decline:
• Lack of constancy of purpose toward improvement of products and
services
• An emphasis on short-term profits
• Merit rating or other evaluation of individual performance
• Job hopping by managers
• Managing by the numbers without considering figures that are
unknown or unknowable
• Excessive medical costs (peculiar to the United Stated)
• The litigious nature of the US citizens, causing excessive costs of
liability that increased as lawyers worked on contingency fee

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Science and System in Management
(System and Information)
• Orderliness in nature
• Social interactions
• Systematic management:
– Goals or purposes of the organization
– Some presumed inflow or input of materials
– Processes and transformations of materials
to products or services
– Performance measures

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Science and System in Management
(General System Theory)
• There are deep roots in prior thought
• General system theory: parallelisms in
diciplines that would give rise to a
general framework:
– Study of a whole
– Strive for a survival (steady state equilibrium)
– Organism – environment interdependance
• Birth of cybernetics

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Science and System in Management
(Computer Age to Information Age)
• 1600s – 1800s: dream of calculating
device (Pascal, Babbage,
Taylor)
• 1930s: secret messages thorugh
cryptology
• 1940s: computer monster
• 1970s: semiconductors, microchips, and
modern computers

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Science and System in Management
(Computer Age to Information Age)
More efficent
management
systems
Internet
Informa
tion
Computer
Data inventory
Interactive
communications
Computing
device
Modeling,
simulation

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Science and System in Management
(Computer Age to Information Age)
Support
Decision
Making
Process

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Science and System in Management
(Strength of The Chapter)
Awe-inspiring delivery of the modern
management era.
Brief but understandable way of
writing.

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Science and System in Management
(Weakness of The Chapter)
The history is more explorable that what
the chapter served.
There are still many gaps of information
in this chapter. However, some of them
can be found on the previous or next
chapters.

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Science and System in Management
(What I Learned from The Chapter)
Life is a never ending process of learning.
Perfection is nothing except you give up on what
exist, and it is not wise to do so.
Presenter, 2013

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Science and System in Management
(What I Learned from The Chapter)
No pain, no gain. The harder and smarter we
work, the better and more convenient the result
we can have.
Presenter, 2013

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Science and System in Management
(Argument)
Management is both art and
science based on its four primary
functions: planning, organizing,
leading, and controlling.

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Science and System in Management
(Conclusion)
Science
Mana-
gement
Systems

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THANK YOU