drug-drug interaction

1. Drug-drug Interaction
Presented by:
Md Ashraful Haque
Group: VI
ID: 11615039
Session: 2015-16

2. Types of Drug Interaction
 Drug-drug interaction
 Drug-food interaction
 Chemical-drug interaction
 Drug-laboratory test interaction
 Drug-disease interaction

3. Factors Affecting Drug Interaction
1.Drugs which exhibit saturable kinetics 11.In severally ill patients
2.Multiple drug therapy 12.Multiple prescribers
3.In elderly patients 13.Predisposing illness
4.Poor patient compliance 14.Drug-related factors
5.Advancing age of patient
6 For enzyme inducers or inhibitors
7.Drugs with low therapeutic index such as, Digoxin
8.Drugs for prolonged use such as, oral contraceptives
9.In patient with renal and hepatic insufficiency
10.Multiple pharmacological effects of drug
.

4. Top Common Drugs Interactions
 Warfarin- NSAIDs
 Sulfa Drugs-Warfarin
 Warfarin- Quinolones
 ACE inhibitors- Potassium supplements
 Probability of drug interaction
 ACE inhibitors- Spironolactone
 Digoxin- Amiodarone
 Warfarin- Phenytoin
 Digoxin- Verapamil
 Theophylline- Quinolones
 Warfarin- Macrolides

5. Influence of Smoking in Drug Interactions
Many interactions between tobacco smoke and medications have been
identified. Tobacco smoke interacts with medications, increase or decrease
metabolizing enzyme, by influencing the absorption, distribution,
metabolism or elimination of other drugs, potentially causing an altered
pharmacologic response.
Ex. Diazepam, Theophylline, Olanzapine, Propoxyphene etc are rapidly
metabolized and theirs activity is reduced.

6. Influence of Food in Drug Interaction
Food affects medications in the body, this is called food-drug interaction. It
prevents medicine from working the way it should, cause medicinal side
effects become better or worse to cause new side effects, drugs change the
way the body uses food.
 Green, leafy vegetables, which are high in vitamin K, can decrease how
well aspirin thins the blood
 Grapefruit juice alters the way the body absorbs statins (cholesterol-
lowering drugs) like Lipitor in the blood
 Dairy products such as milk, yogurt and cheese decrease the absorption
of antibiotics

7. Influence of Alcohol in Drug Interaction
Harmful interactions with prescription medications, over-the-counter drugs, and even some
herbal remedies and may cause problems such as:
 Nausea and vomiting
 Headaches & Drowsiness
 Dizziness & Fainting
 Changes in blood pressure
 Abnormal behavior
Mixing alcohol and medications also may increase the risk of complications such as:
 Liver damage
 Heart problems
 Internal bleeding
 Impaired breathing
 Depression

8. Influence of Alcohol in Drug Interaction
Most common medications that interact with alcohol involve these drug classes:
 High blood pressure medication
 sedatives and hypnotics
 Pain medications
 Skeletal muscle relaxants
 Diabetes medicine
 Antidepressants
Drinking while taking steroids (corticosteroids, or anti-inflammatory medications
like prednisone) often used for pain can lead to stomach bleeding and ulcers.
NSAIDs like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or naproxen (Aleve) and alcohol use can also
cause stomach problems like ulcers.
The use of alcohol and pain medications like narcotics together can slow breathing
and may be fatal.

9. Healthcare professional
Means any member of the medical, pharmacy or nursing professions or any
other person who in the course of his or her professional activities may
prescribe, administer or dispense to an end-user a medicinal product.
They are responsible for
 most responsible body to identify potential interaction
 improve patient medication safety
 assess knowledge pertaining to drug-drug interactions
 common drug-drug interactions information sources
 improving population health outcomes

10. Avoidance of Drug Interaction by
A Pharmacist

11. How to Avoid Drug Interaction
Monitoring of therapy Literature evaluation.
Individual therapy Identify the patient risk factor.
Enthusiasm and guidance Consideration of therapeutic
alternatives.
Awareness in society Avoid complex therapeutic regime
wherever possible.
Patient record and data storage Patient education

12. Thank You