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Outstanding Architect at Centenary Foundation of R.O.C.
Wen-Chieh Chiu and Ying-Chao Kuo Received R.O.C. Outstanding
Architect Award XII
Summary

R.O.C. Outstanding Architect Award, the highest honor of Association of Architects, R.O.C. Sixteen prestigious architects
national award for architects was received by Wen-Chieh Chiu were recommended by relevant authorities. On March 31st
and Ying-Chao Kuo. The twelfth of this event happened to be 2011, initial selection of the twelfth R.O.C. Outstanding
the 100th birthday of the Republic of China. The two architects Architect Award took place for voting and six architects entered

both felt the great honor of being the outstanding architects at the runoff election, including Wen-Chieh Chiu, Kwang-Yu

centenary foundation of R.O.C.. King, Hsu-Yuan Kuo, Ying-Chao Kuo, Ching-Yao Chang,
and Ming-Wei Huang. The second meeting was held on April
In order to commend outstanding architects for their
21st 2011, and final selection May 5th 2011. Visits of design
contribution to the country and to encourage sense of honor in
works were conducted on the same day of final selection.
architects, the first year of R.O.C. Outstanding Architect Award
The architects selected for the final stage guided the tour by
was held in 1995. Until 1999, the event had been held for 11
themselves. Voting was done after the visits. Finally, Wen-
times and awarded 55 architects. To ensure prudent process of
Chieh Chiu and Ying-Chao Kuo received the award.
selection, the juries were chosen from prestigious professionals
This year, Article 3 of Regulation of Selection and Award
in various fields. The fifteen jury members of this year were:
of R.O.C. Outstanding Architect Award was revised. R.O.C.
Tsi-Ling Lin, Director (Administrative Deputy Minister,
Outstanding Architect Award is to be held every two years.
Ministry of the Interior), Hsi-Wen Yeh, Deputy Director
Maximal three people can be awarded. Without winner is
(Director, Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the
acceptable. In addition, agreement of three quarter of the jury
Interior), Hsien-Ming Sue, (Deputy Director, Construction and
members is required for final selection of R.O.C. outstanding
Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior), Wei-Song Hsieh,
architects. The receipt of the twelfth R.O.C. Outstanding
(Leader, Management Division, Construction and Planning
Architect Award by Wen-Chieh Chiu and Ying-Chao Kuo
Agency, Ministry of the Interior), Mai Chen, (Fei & Chen
with the new standards of centenary foundation of R.O.C. is
Associates, the first R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Dze-
of extraordinary significance. It showed their dedication and
Huan Zhong, (leading architect Dze-Huan Zhong Architecture
achievement has been recognized by professionals from various
Firm, the fifth R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Chio-Hua
fields.
Wang, (leading architect, Chiu-Hwa Wang Architecture Firm,
The representative deeds of the two architects are as
the sixth R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Sheng-Yuan Huang,
follows:
(leading architect, Sheng-Yuan Huang Fieldoffice, the seventh
R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Chung-Wei Su , leading
architect, J.J. Pan and Partners, Architects, and Planners, Wen-Chieh Chiu
the ninth R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Le-Ching Jiang, Wen-Chieh Chiu received master degree in Architecture
(leading architect Le-Ching Jiang Architecture Firm, the ninth and Urban Design, Harvard University in 1990 and became a
R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Ricky Liu, (leading architect, registered architect in New York, USA in 1995. From 1990 to
Ricky Liu & Associates, Architects, Planners, the tenth 1992, he worked at Rafael Vinoly Architects in New York and
R.O.C. Outstanding Architect), Ching-Hua Chang, (leading participated in the project "Tokyo International Forum." After
architect, Bio-Architecture Formosana, the eleventh R.O.C. that, he worked at Stone, Marriccini and Patterson Architects
Outstanding Architect), Chung-Ying Kuo, (Director, College of in New York from 1992 to 1993, and came back to Taiwan
Environmental Design, Chinese Culture University), Sue-Hsing for architectural practice in 1994. Currently as owner of Wen-
Li, (Professor, Department of Geography, National R.O.C. Chieh Chiu Architecture Firm, he is also the Design Director of
Normal University), Chi-Yi Chang, (Deputy Mayor of Taitung A+B Design Group. In 2009, he also taught in departments of
County, former Director, Graduate School of Architecture, Architecture in National Chiao Tung University and Tamkang
National Chiao Tung University). University. During the 17 years in back in Taiwan, he received
The organization of this event was entrusted to National Taiwan Architecture Award, two Far Eastern Outstanding

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Architectural Design Award, WA Chinese Architecture Award , Design Concept:
and Global Chinese Young Architects Award 2007. In 2007 and Pavilion of Future of Taipei International Flora
2008, he attended Hong Kong & Shenzhen Bi-city Biennale Exposition
of Urbanism and Venice Biennale of Architecture on behalf of Xinsheng 3rd Hall of Taipei International Flora Exposition
Taiwan respectively. reveals Ying-Chao Kuo's long-term dedication in coordinating
Design Concept: Architecture and technology. This project turned the old trees
Heart of Hsin-Chu Beautification of Eastern in Xinsheng Park site into the magician that drives space and
Gate Square circulation. The buildings swirl, stretch, descend and ascend
Situated in the inner side of the roundabout, Eastern Gate among the trees, attracting the circulation and focus of visitors
introduces the crowd from Ying-Shi-Men new moon arch to and forming a rare spatial experience in Taiwan. In addition to
the excavated long square with staircase. The connection with its diamond standards, this building also stands out due to its
moat takes the advantage of the pedestrian system on the two wise technology that controls all windows, sunshine awning
sides and reaches streets in the city. Activities are held in the appliance, greenhouse temperature control equipment, air
square, with historical sites as background. Such arrangement conditioning system, maintaining the internal comfort and
reinforces the access and value of historical sites. A slope energy consumption at optimal level all the time.
pedestrian of 180 cm around the site is designed to connect the Second Liu-Jia Dormitory of Industrial Technology
long square and underground channel of moat strategically. The Research Institute
smooth overall circulation provides independent and secure use The North and South of Taiwan possess not only different
for visitors. appearance but also diverse climates. Following the undulation
Seed Park Plan II House of Energy of the site, this project adopted the most common steel roof
The project was aimed at transforming the seed image of construction in southern Taiwan as the main element of skyline,
the agricultural capital into a recreational heaven for families responding to the mountain behind and reducing the energy
through vivid organic design. It was hope that children, consumption of the building. For landscape, makino bamboo
growing up like seeds, are able to play on the sand, roll on of Chu-San, banana trees of Liu-Jia, longa trees of Dong-Shan,
the meadow freely, watch young people play basketball, and konishii of Chia-Yi (surrounding the lotus pond), and tiles
co-exist with ecological pond. Thus such a happy land was produced in Liu-Jia were adopted to express the sense of nature
created. and leisure of southern Taiwan.
New Hometown PAPER DOME Jien-Hsueh Park New Project of Tamshui Art Gallery
C PAVILION attempted to apply only one material to With the art gallery as a start, we hope to create an
respond to the paper tube architecture of Shigeru Ban. art village without boundary in the future. This project was
The concepts of contrast and insistence on one material taken as a statement. The project of a complete art village
evolution are important principles of this project. reinforces the cooperation among community, business,
Though light and soft, paper is able to support a house. and school internally and assists Tamshui to increase its
Though hard and heavy, steel can appear soft and light. international exposure externally. Tamshui and He-Ping Area
will be transformed into the center of creativity. The beauty of
Ying-Chao Kuo Tamshui, undoubtedly, will present more diversity and richer
After graduating from Department of Architecture, humanity heritage through the injection of artistic activities on
National Cheng Kung University in 1982, Ying-Chao Kuo the old historical streets.
obtained Master in Architecture, University of California, Los Since the last decade of the 20th century, more and
Angeles in 1989. In 1999, he established Bio-Architecture more scientific evidence found in global society and culture
Formosana with architect Ching-Hua Chang. For more than a has proved that development centering human thoughts has
decade, he has been dedicated himself in integrating traditional seriously threatened the environment we live in. Omnibearing
architectural sginificance into green architecture technology. movements and reflection for securing ecology have therefore
He aims at expanding the expression scope of architecture been raised. The energy and resource consumption of
and creating works that retain traditiaonal architectural architectural behavior takes almost half of the consumption of
aesthetics, craftsmanship, friendliness to ecology, and spirit of all human activities. Nature is one of the most important goals
global trend. Below are some of his representative works for of this global movement.
explanation:


Intentionality of Radical Tectonic
Ideas on Architectural Works of Wen-Chieh Chiu (A+B Design Group)
by Luo Shi-Wei / Translated by I-Ting Ku

Commentary

Foreword left. Entering from the Margin3 was required.
Being one of the most excellent architects since the 1990's The margin condition of the times turned out to be
in Taiwan, Wen-Chieh Chiu and his team A+B Design Group1 architects' opportunity for a breakthrough. The general public
have created various architectural works that become role nowadays has learned that the attempt to start from zero is not
models of Taiwanese contemporary Architecture. These works only wrong but also lack of cultural innovation. As indicated
are rich in exploring and experimenting energy. He is indeed in the "Logical Typing" of G. Bateson, integrating multiple
qualified for the award of R.O.C. Outstanding Architect. This information reaches more precision on a higher logic level. For
award not only recognized the long-term efforts of his team example, single eyes of animals cannot see as well as double
but also announced the arrival of a new era for Architecture. eyes. The binocular vision formed by two eye balls creates
This article attempts to interpret the influence and significance information in depth, which is of different level of logical
of their works on contemporary environment and architectural typing from that of single eyes. 4
culture at different stages, hoping to investigate the contour of Logical typing of higher level is brought by the
contemporary architectural development in Taiwan briefly and combination of vicissitudes and fashion, as well as historical
to reach further discussion in depth. 2 styles and constructional technology. Modernism presents
Start from the Existing single-sided perspective and thinking habit, but the condition
Wen-Chieh Chiu's team, A+B Design Group, has been of post-modern era did not allow architects to start from zero.
allowing him to finish various unconventional projects for a Design has become a sort of intervention, which intervened a
long time, making him the most experienced and powerful used environment and had to "dance together" with existing
architect in reconstruction in Taiwan. Many of his most reality. The depths of various timings were therefore presented,
representative works are not from a plain piece of land for and rich interaction of humanity was thus formed.
design. On the contrary, he likes (or is destined) to deal with The reconstruction of Heart of Hsin-Chu, Fu-Xing Barn,
the existing old buildings on the sites. He enjoys the design old station of Tai-Tung, Taomi Ecological Village Church,
condition with existing buildings. It seems that Wen-Chieh Hua-San Redbrick Zone, and Green House are all examples of
Chiu is a person who does not like to dance alone, but with a co-existence and recreation of existing and new buildings on
partner. the same site. A whole new integrity is created at a higher level.
Such special experiment of Wen-Chieh Chiu and his Even in the project of 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan, the
partners reflected the architectural environment in the 90's seemingly complete site for exhibition hall was chosen to be
in Taiwan. Buildings with valuable significance to culture of applied with fault line. An arrangement of earthquake debris is
specific communities tended to be preserved, instead of being even planned on the site in the second stage.
demolished. Modern Architecture advocates to detach from However, juxtaposing new and existing buildings does
history and to start from zero. Post-modernism, however, holds not promise more fascinating new quality. It relies on architects
the idea of starting from many. The rise of Wen-Chieh Chiu to create the genius loci. The key to success of Wen-Chieh
reflects the situation of late-modernism: architects have to Chiu's works can be concluded into his tactics in applying
design with existing buildings on the sites. Site is never zero. the principle complementation-unification (which appears to
It is full of all kinds of environmental traces. However, instead resemble "co-dancing principle"). Take Heart of Hsin-Chu as an
of complete sites, architects in late 20th Century had to face example: high tower vs. downward staircase, excavated gate vs.
"remaining" or "reused" land with old main volume on it. The steel light bridge commemoration vs. improvisation. Fu-Xing
design was no longer so self-centered. The "developed" status Barn possesses separate warehouse vs. integrated roof, an array
forced architects to develop their design on the margin that's of barn vs. penetrating corridor. In the old station of Tai-Tung,

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the existing spatial relationship between the building and the Private Wego Elementary School of Ren-Xi Yao built in the
square was altered. The "contrasted tectonic" was presented 1980s, or even the Dong-Shan River Water Park, Yi-Lan in
by coexistence of original load bearing, RC building, and late 1980's fulfill the romantic spirits of self-sufficient resorts
new steel construction. In 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan in Nature, i.e. beside the ocean, along the river, and under the
project, the contrasts lie in relationships between false vs. trees. It can be classified into the times before the emerging of
substantive space, cracks vs. patches, mooring vs. stretching. local subjectivity. There seemed to be only imagination of the
These tactics of contrast and complementation, after all, architects on the site, without any other thoughts. Architects
require unification in order to explode with new energy at the played the role of the creator.
border of imagination. The definition of new border indeed With the arrival of the 1990's, the new imagination of
examines the imagination and guts of architects. From the the local was not as optimistic as that of pastoral expression.
representative works of Wen-Chieh Chiu, we can see that guts The ideology of local subjectivity has risen and it is no longer
are the last things that he lacks. The new border of Heart of considered as the background of the city center. Instead, it
Hsin-Chu was simulated with excavation on 3D coordinate became the pursuit of all local communities (farmer, landlords,
- The new border of Fu-Xing Barn was set on the big roof B&B owners, tourists, etc.). The local turned into a body in
that covers three separate barns. The old station of Tai-Tung possession of feelings and ideology, transforming the main
replaced the square with its new border. In 921 Earthquake economic model from agriculture to (recreational) service.
Museum of Taiwan, the new border was set on the landscape It was no more just the production spot for food, but also a
dimension that follows fault line closely. While imagining the vacation spot for green experiences. The young general from
new borders, Wen-Chieh Chiu does not limit himself. To him, it these places moved back to the hometown from the city. Some
has to be done with violent force. of them brought back new technology to develop friendlier way
Sometimes, nevertheless, he maintains gesture of in agricultural production. These factors all changed the passive
invitation on his designed site and wait for the participation and disadvantaged situation of small towns.
of next architect, such as the undone status of project The The new imagination of these small towns was often
Taipei Street, the amoeba in front of the public toilet of Do-Liu source of confrontation due to direct intervention. The
Seed Park, the sense of opening to Nature in the moving and incoming idea bumped into the existing main system face
reconstruction of Taomi Ecological Village Church . From this to face. After the project "Heart of Hsin-Chu," Wen-Chieh
point of view, Heart of Hsin-Chu possesses the highest level of Chiu's team developed a series of works based on the "big
completion. It invites the citizen sincerely, instead of the other canopy," such as old station of Tai-Tung, Fu-Xing Barn, Taomi
architects. It can never recover the flat roundabout form of Ecological Village Church, the pavilion of public toilet of
previous time. Do-Liu Seed Park, etc. Even the design of 921 Earthquake
Building the Local Museum of Taiwan was close to a series of canopies. The
To the architectural elites in Taiwan in the 1990's, the prototype of the big canopy was based on the commonly-
site is the frontline-where the new border is. In Taiwan, seen shading element in Taiwan. The semi-open construction
"Proceeding to the Local" seems to become the vanguard resembles the construction both before and after the century
m o v e m e n t i n A r c h i t e c t u r e (o r a t l e a s t e x p e r i m e n t a l change, bridging Taiwan's city and country public space
movement). This phenomenon appears to be the contrary of constructions of the two periods. It also showed that the
the rising cities around Chinese coast at the same time. Due transformation of a society requires not only observation but
to the vague cultural recognition, Taiwanese Architecture also participation.
has not yet developed into "field Architecture" but "local The experiment of "scaffold" emerged during the past few
Architecture," which is especially obvious after 1990. Such years. Projects such as Au-Di Living Project, The Taipei Street,
local characteristics don't guarantee the start of a specific Hua-San Green House, and Liu-Guei Protectory announced
style, but purely states where the architects are based on. They design movement of another stage. This is a generally used
choose to base on the "local" position, some even set the firm temporary construction with simplest assembly units in current
in countryside5 outside of urban area. But the chosen location Taiwanese construction sites. In comparison with the "big
stands neither for nostalgia nor for recognition of local customs. canopy," "scaffold" has an extra element of railing, which
Kenting Youth Activity Center of Yu-Che Su and Taipei bring the prototype closer to "fixed" lifestyle. Or we can say


that scaffold is Wen-Chieh Chiu's transition from "canopy" to materials in addition to the mains (RC, structural steel,
"house." glulam, etc). They are chosen for self-construction by the
Altering experiment orientation from "big canopy" to general public because of the inexpensive price and common
"scaffold," Wen-Chieh Chiu considering "building the local" a availability, which complies with the requirement of additional
strategic action. In addition to creating "local characteristics" construction.
for the place, his ultimate goal is actually challenging I n t h e 1980's, R. K o o l h a a s f r e q u e n t l y u s e d l i g h t
"tectonic,"-the fundamental proficiency of architectural construction materials such as galvanizing or plastic wave
profession, which is more like the taking local culture to rewrite panel, attempting to subvert the heavy way of construction
the game rules back in the discipline of Architecture. in traditional Architecture and respond to the coming unsure
Tectonics of "the Developing" Phenomena era. Architects in Taiwan also used similar techniques and
Wen-Chieh Chiu was very interested in some frequent materials. Although the impact of Deconstruction was
environmental phenomena in Taiwanese urban and rural areas. undeniable, it can also be seen as a phenomenon during
He observed and collected information of them. Although not "developing" stage of Taiwan.
yet figured out the logic, he felt that some environmental traces Such social economic and environmental phenomena
must be hidden inside the evidence. Some of the might be initiated by unofficial sectors are exactly important features of
social issues and were not related to Architecture directly, he developing country, or the so-called the third world. Mr. Pao-
still contemplated on them6: Teh Han indicated the architectural chaos of Taiwan regrettably
1. Black Net-The black fiber net used in farms to isolate bugs thirty years ago, "Before we finish the transition of forms, we
and sunshine, also commonly used in places where shading face the crisis of vulgarization!... The rapid growth and pressure
is needed. from the Western world in the past few years do not allow us
2. Pigeon cage-Pigeon cages are usually built on top of the roof to born the local form, neither digest the western traditional
with light steel, like mini-houses in pigeon dimension. Architecture7." Nevertheless, this is Taiwan's process. This
3. Signboard-Various signboards made of simple steel material "developing" experience can never be removed from Taiwan's
are used on streets in Taiwan and Ethnic Chinese Area. next environmental stage. Instead, it turned Taiwan into the
4. Betel nut Beauty Stand-On highways around cities, glass desired European, American, and Japanese countries directly.
boxes with neon light can be seen frequently, with female Therefore, "transplantation" is both impossible and
vendors selling betel nuts in sexy clothing. infeasible. On the contrary, the transition from "developing"
5. Illegal Construction on Roof-Due to the humid and warm to "developed" stage can be considered as a special property
weather of Taiwan, illegal construction made of steel of Taiwan. The modernization of Taiwan did not happen
material on top of the roof to isolate sunshine and rain can be overnight. Instead, a long time of trial and exploration was
often seen. undergone. The expectation from the government and the elite
6. Scaffold-During the construction process, this structure level were to reach the standards of advanced countries and
assembled with light steel pipes around the building provides create aesthetic "visual" experiences; the expectation from
space for workers to move around and work. the general public were to increase level of "comfort" on the
7. Night market-Markets that open in the evening around cities practical level. Common citizens and middle class tend to
and towns in Taiwan. The aggregations of mobile stands improve the situation from convenient points of view. For
appear on certain street corners or fixed area. them, "convenience" and "comfort" are important indexes, but
These items are actually external elements in addition the fact also reveals their selfishness and carelessness to the
to the main construction and have their own logics, can be environment.
named as Additive/generative elements. It seems that they are Before the trend of "Taiwanese Fashion," many people
additional margin elements (or skin elements) outside of the had tried to advocate "Taiwanese culture." The more vulgar,
main body. They can actually be generally concluded into the the more sensational. The urban event of Kuen-Yen Deng a few
so-called derived unofficial sector. years ago was an example. Large pieces of red flowery cloth
On the other hand, light steel pipe, C-steel, wood, steel were hanged on bamboo sticks as canopy, manipulating the
net, signboard, neon light, wave panel, and scaffold pipes are gaudery of tradition and bringing it to the modernized public
materials which he wants to try. These are also sub tectonic occasion. The Taiwanese Aesthetics was presented publicly

72

as a method to create scenario in the space with intention of to exploring new tectonic energy seems to be a way to healthy
integrating fashion. Architecture.
However, Wen-Chieh Chiu chooses to practice "Zero Internalization of Externality
Architecture."8 Facing non-zero site, he tries to pursue the Strangely, Wen-Chieh Chiu hates interiority. There is
possibility of zero architectural creation going back to almost no interiority in most of his works, or he tries to dilute
"Tectonics," white, or even colorless Architecture. He doesn't the sense of interiority to zero. Low level of interiority is one of
mind the vertical development of his design's characteristics the features in his works, especially sentimental interiority. Or
and tries to deal with the additional elements chosen by in other words, he tries to internalize a great amount of external
the public by transforming the tectonic system of marginal elements and types in his space.
elements horizontally. This, however, throws himself into The first stage of 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan
a totally unpredictable adventure. Before conducting the project seemed to have clearer interiority (the main exhibition
"zero action," he has to digest the environmental "culture" hall), but this is a long rectangle along fault zone and the
accumulated during the formal developing stage in Taiwan, i.e. interiority has been extended into a big circulation line.
making do with existing elements and various illegal special Furthermore, on the one side, the covering arch unit is main
phenomena in construction. construction, meaning same material for interior and exterior
Old station of Tai-Tung was constructed with light steel space. On the other side is a big glass surface. Interior space
frame, black net, etc. The neon light of betel nut beauty stand is pulled outward to the remaining runway of the fault zone.
was adopted for decoration, defining the activity height in Therefore, the exhibition hall itself appears to be an interior
the evening. Taomi Ecological Village Church was a project space without interiority.
when Wen-Chieh Chiu really attempted to change track. He In Fu-Xing Barn project, Wen-Chieh Chiu opened the old
let the paper church of Shigeru Ban moving from afar take the roof that constituted for existing interiority, leaving only thin
main role in site arrangement, and applied C steel light steel wooden plate on the broken pasted wall and an interior space
construction in the rest pavilions on the sides. In contrast to without skin. In Au-Di Living project, (name d as "Genie on
Shigeru Ban's round and original khaki yellow thin paper, he's the Hill" by Wen-Chieh Chiu), two 6 m x 6 m transparent boxes
pavilions were presented with soft and square green steel. The constituted the building. A series of wooden fan-shaped doors
two works were equally marvelous and created widely inviting formed another layer of skin inside. When the wooden fan-
integrity and layers that would not have been achieved by a shaped doors are opened, the interiority disappears.
single paper church. In The Taipei Street, the exterior space phenomena of
"The Taipei Street" (the scaffold presented a touch of back Taipei streets (a zone with high interiority) were attempted to
alley, iron windows frames and containers were added), Hua- be transferred into the interior space of "the street." In other
San Green House (an additional volume based on the concept words, he wanted to put the exterior phenomena into the
of pigeon cage was arranged on top of the existing red brick interior space of his work, trying to internalize unofficial space
warehouse, allowing "green" to be attached on the red brick as a recreational element of urban open space system-like a
volume and float in the air). Design Competition of National piece of public installation.
Pingbei Senior High School (the public platform was arranged Even in Liu-Guei Protectory, the accommodation was
in the middle of the campus, partially excavated in order to actually an extremely exterior collective living house. Each
retain the existing big trees surrounded by big trees). These two households on a story shared the same corridor; every
works transformed the typology of tectonic system of urban four households shared a skylight. But the four skylights of the
and rural element (convenience) and spatial experience (self- whole area were mutually connected with alleys. On the second
initiation) indistinctly, allowing old spirit to be integrated into floor, the units were open. The staircase to the third floor had to
new social force with new program. be shared with neighbors. On the third floor, a central corridor
This is also like a vaccine that prevents Taiwan to be was arranged on each of the two long buildings, with each unit
too proud of the contemporary architectural development penetrated. Wen-Chieh Chiu explained the design with "visiting
status. It stops us from being vain because we have stepped neighbor" concept, but in fact he hated interior space with high
into developed stage, neither ashamed because of the chaotic interiority. His first work of collective living was more like a
environment. The process from our own environmental culture small city.


The section of Liu-Guei Protectory especially showed the enables them to operate and survive. Such project complies
"scaffold module" concept of Wen-Chieh Chiu. By reinforcing with the concept of Bateson's "pattern which connects."
the arched corners, he tried to transform this informal element The environmental significance is expanded to city, history,
for construction process into a part of a social welfare industry, geology, and even future, in order to enable the
institution. The attempt to apply "low-end" material (scaffold re-structuring function of environmental field, or even region.
plus C steel) in the sacred interiority of a church reveals the Bateson indicated that "the pattern which connects" is
architect's guts, which we longed to see. We all wondered how meta-pattern. The correct way for meta-pattern is to consider
architect used external materials for the demanding interior the target(s) as the dance among various individual firstly, and
space of a church. then define it (them) with the restrictions of various physical
Not only the skin became the bones, but the exterior shapes and organic features10. Therefore, external shape is not
logic was internalized. Is this the major strategic of Wen-Chieh the primary factor. The key lies in weather the "interaction"
Chiu? Did he want to invade the core of architectural culture among the individuals reaches "rhythm." Only in the co-dance
with a whole set of exterior logic? (Are border, informal, and can the spark of souls occur. Similarly, only when all key roles
developing phenomena were synonyms of "exteriority" to and powers within the city or environment enter the symphony
him?) Did he want to replace the interiority with pre-mature status can the new energy be developed.
confidence in developed status and pre-mature vulgarization F o r e x a m p l e, i n H e a r t o f H s i n-C h u, t h e c o n t r a s t
with transformed "exteriority" of the environmental culture? complementary combinations (glass optical fiber bridge vs.
What kind of "interiority" with penetrated skin would it be? excavated oval space, stairs vs. slope, connection to moat,
Can Architecture endure such extremely turnover of ex- and eroded ancient bridge pier vs. charming city gate tower) were
interiority exchange? Is Taiwan's exterior energy the most able to create powerful connection due to their integration
reliable source for its own makeover? based on gathering. Since gather was the idea, all traces that
Programmatic Re-connecting might reinforce intensity of gathering were developed. Such
Do-Liu Functional Mobiles Project was Wen-Chieh Chiu's downward excavation gathering fits the open urban program
proposal for Brains Trust Project, Yunlin County Government, and rising young and wandering communities.
based on the concept of functional mobiles in fashion such as The visiting route of 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan
pizza vans in front of university campus (breakfast van), mobile follows fault lines and debris. The line mode of the main hall
caf, and electric flower car, etc. He suggested the government and surrounding mode of the second-stage classroom were
to assign "mobile city mission centers" as "seeds" that "planted" so shockingly impressive because of the imitated "disaster
in four open spaces (in front of campus age, in parking lot scene." With the transfer and reconstruction of Taomi
of shopping malls, under big trees, and temple squares). (He Ecological Village Church, the contrast complementary
really investigated the suitable spots and provided the list to combination transformed the character of the paper church
the government.) These centers/vans were to serve as platforms from "commemorative" to "touristic." The Energy Building
interacting with the citizens at certain spots regularly, types of Do-Liu Seed Park is a light construction interwoven with
including market van, cultural promotion van, performance horizontal "pipe" and vertical "arch." Several individual small"
van, medical van, caf van, library van, etc. Circulated relevant rooms" and big "canopies" perform a multi-track choir, serving
services would be provided to the citizens9. Instead of hardware as the start of reuse of the deserted space and revealing the
project of a "house," it was an idea of "mobile service," which spirit of outward waves.
was connected to the software project on public points of the The connections of above three examples are gathering,
whole county. This project might spare numerous governmental on-site, tourism, and wave. They state that the logic of
houses for the service on town level, being generous to the construction relation is outside of formation and attempt to
citizen but unprofitable to the architect himself. control the logic among users and environmental conditions. It
This showed that Wen-Chieh Chiu is an architect who is is the logic of formation logic, or the relation of the relation. It
able to think out of architectural perspective and intervene in is the potential energy extracted from the relationship between
the real world. He can come up with projects that really possess human beings and the environmental context. Meanwhile,
re-construction energy and deal with keys of the construction. they are the constructions of spatial organization and activity
Meanwhile, he connects the projects with local context and relation. The stages faced by architectural professionals, urban

74

teams, museums, and NPO all challenge the architect's planning coldly without sensationalism and concentrate on subverting
proficiency and users'participation. existing rules in order to reach constructional makeover.
Such connection mode derived from architectural
design is an invisible frame contributed by the architects to
the environment or city after the completion of the hardware. Note
However, it also requires innovative urban planning curator 1.Wen-Chieh Chiu and Ray-Han Jin established Da-Han
to introduce energy and resource into the frame. Fu-Xing Architecture Firm in 1996. Hsueh-Neng Chuang participated
Barn and old station of Tai-Tung are two pitiful projects of in 2005 later on and A+B Design Group was founded.
Wen-Chieh Chiu that failed to obtain sufficient curation and 2.Some projects mentioned in this article were collaborated
innovation due to exchange of local mayors. with the other architects as follows: Heart of Hsin-

Discussion: Intentionality of Tectonic Chu-cooperated with Ray-han Jin Architecture Firm
Wen-Chieh Chiu (A+B Design Group) does not insist on Fu-Xing Barn - cooperated with Chao-Yung Shih Architectue
any certain brand style. Every piece of work is a new trial with Firm and Hsueh-Neng Chuang Architectue Firm
constant spatial experiment. They emphasize on "tectonics"- 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan, Do-Liu Seed Park, old
building as it is, pursuing pure tectonic orders. But is tectonic station of Tai-Tung, Au-Di Living Project all cooperated
merely the sensible result of construction? with Hsueh-Neng Chuang Architectue Firm
Can Architecture be zero, like the Writing Degree Zero 3.Shi-Wei Luo, Entering from the Margin: On the reverting
of Roland Barthes? If Tectonics is the horizontal structure of Procedure of Subjectivity of Additional Construction Project
architectural language, can the vertical style of the author be of Institute of Information Science, Academia Scinica,
deleted? Is tectonics is the so-called "smooth space" proposed Architect, 1996/3:116-119.
by Gilles Deleuze? Is it possible that the "striated space" caused 4.Bateson, Gregory. Mind and Nature. London: Bantam,
by architect's characteristics does not exist? 1979 21, 46, 77-79
The works of Wen-Chieh Chiu's team, A+B Design 5.For instance, Sheng-Yuan Huang's Fieldoffice was based in
Group, conveys a message: tectonics is not the result of Yi-Lan. "The Third Studio" of Ying-Chun Hsieh was situated
neutral materialistic. The tectonic process radically showed in Chu-Tung. After 921 Earthquake, he moved the firm to
their engagement in the overall environment. Architecture is nearby Sun Moon Lake in Nantou.
thus considered as action of environmental transformation 6.According to the interview with Wen-Chieh Chiu on 3rd July
with commitment, passion, social-cultural significance, and 2011.
care about the own context of the architects. The more radical 7.The Transformation and Vulgarization of Architectural
the tectonics, the stronger the presentation. Sensational From, Illusion of City, Pao-Teh Han. Economics & Living
intentionality is therefore fully raised. Publisher Co. Ltd, Taipei, 1983:7-14.
Rollo May defines intentionality as "the structure that 8.Roland Barthes considered individual style in writing is a
gives meaning to experience." He indicated that intend follows vertical pursuit. The language itself, however, has horizontal
intentionality, and that intentionality is a kind of attention that structure. The language people actually use contains all
11
states active self-recognition of "I-can. " This is similar to the content of the society and hides the property that runs in
intend of Min-Yi Hao, who said "Intend is cubic, alive, and the language itself. Barthes, Roland. Le Degr de I'E'criture
12
adjustable. It doesn't have to be big, but clear." Elements de Sémiologie.(Writing Degree Zero:Elements of
Intentionality, intend, or even "mind" proposed by Semiology) Laureate Publish Co. Ltd, Taipei, 1991: 81-84;
Confucianism all indicate the proficiency of receiving alert 120-124.
in selection - the selection of tectonic and project direction- 9.According to the interview with Wen-Chieh Chiu on 3rd July
and the possibility of active acting. Their antonyms are 2011.
"indifference" and "carelessness." The Architecture of today 10.Bateson, G. 1979: 12-14.
has clearer intentionality than any of that in the other times. 11.May, Rollo. Love and Will. Translated by Ren-Yu Peng,
It explores the connection with the world independently and Taipei, Li-Xu, 2001: 328-340.
courageously, builds up significance, and takes the initiative to 12.Ming-Yu Hao, China Times, 10th June 1998.
change the rules of the game. Strong Architecture can intervene


Sustainability: Returning to the Origin of Architecture
by Han-Yin Huang / Translated by I-Ting Ku

Commentary

Trees nourish water source and the earth, contribute free and economics advance, people can never live on the world
oxygen, and provide shading and recreation. They are the alone. We still need clean air and fresh water, which requires
homes of animals, playgrounds of children, tranquilizing piece the provision of the whole ecological system. Furthermore,
of green in people's eyes. How long haven't you really looked at scientific evidence has shown that human beings and all the
a tree? other animals, including flies and cockroaches, are constituted
The architectural career of Yin-Chao Kuo of Bio- of the same "assembly" (meaning same DNA with slightly
Architecture can be traced back to an old tree. Grown up in different permutation), whether we like it or not, accept it or
Tainan, the image of the whole row of flame trees in front of not. Like children's beloved toys are made of the same sets
the un-expanded train station in the lowly developed stage of of parts, being Lego blocks, princess' carriage, or spaceships.
the city was planted in his memory, so were that of the old trees "From this perspective, 'all in one' is not only a question of
in Chung-San Park, National Tainan First Senior High School, theology, but also of philosophy and science. People have no
National Cheng Kung University, and in Confucius Temple. reason to be arrogant." said Yin-Chao Kuo.
"The biggest old banyan tree in Confucius Temple died, and the In 1997, Yin-Chao Kuo and Ching-Hua Chang established
atmosphere of the temple was also changed." Said Yin-Chao the Architecture Firm together and renamed the company as
Kuo. "Old trees have spirit. They stand on a spot for decades, Bio-Architecture. Fashionable terms like "Global Warming"
or even centuries. The roots grow downwards, branches and "Greenhouse Effect" did not exist at that time, yet both
upwards. They build up their own posture, like every human Architects love to arrange greenable terrace and balconies in
being develop their own personalities, which also influences the buildings to introduce natural light and wind come inward.
environment deeply." Gradually, they started to learn how to recycle rainwater, use
When asked what the most important concept in water-saving appliance, install solar energy devices, let water
Architecture is, Architect Yin-Chao Kuo said, "How do animals penetrate the ground. Their interest grew with the learning,
in Nature build their nests?" "They choose materials in the and the concept of "greening" evolved into "sustainability."
surrounding and build simple yet the most efficient nests under The next year after Beitou Library was completed, the film of
existing conditions." "Human beings used to build their habitats ex-American Vice President Al Gore, "An Inconvenient Truth"
in the same way. However, the rapid industrial development was on in Taiwan and opened a new era of Taiwan's Disaster
in the past two centuries has made people superstitious about and Environmental Protection Ideology formally. "Ching-
technology and think that technology is omnipotent. The most Hua Chang and I still prefer happy Environmental Protection
basic principles of Architecture has been gradually forgotten." Ideology." Said Yin-Chao Kuo.
"I think sustainability is no more than returning to the origin Q: W h a t h a s B i o-A r c h i t e c t u r e b e e n f o c u s i n g o n
of architecture. Therefore, a common drive of all our works "sustainability" during the past decade?
is to build up the ideal interaction between artificial and A: Many people said Bio-Architecture does "Green
natural environment. In addition, we aim at reducing energy Architecture." Some students even asked what else we can do
and resource consumed during construction and occupancy." other than "Green Architecture." What else can we design? The
Since the age of farming, human beings almost got rid of truth is, we are not doing anything different, we were interested
the restriction of food chain, and the community started to in how human-beings built before electricity was available,
expand unlimitedly. However, no matter how technology and ask ourselves "what can we learn from that". I think most

76

architects are doing the same thing more or less. We also try A: If the site conditions allow, courtyard is the most
to learn from the most basic principles animals building nests, effective way of adjusting micro-climate. It is like a womb
where were also the principles of ancient people's housing. that provides nourishing and mild environment for plants
Modern people easily get lost and forgot these principles due to and insects. It is like a totem of Yin and Yang, with one side
rapid development of urbanization, technology, and economics. facing the sun, the other shadow. The exchange of Yin and
Architectural design should go back to these principles and Yang occurs once in the morning and in the afternoon and
pursue the unlimited possibilities with these simple principles. varies to the seasons. A pond in the courtyard can also reduce
From all the works of Bio-Architecture in the past decade, the temperature with water evapotranspiration. It also enriches
two clear axes can be seen, the horizontal being development of the biological diversity of the micro-environment through
site arrangement and spatial layout strategy; vertical structure, the reproduction of fish, amphibious, and birds. The main
building envelope, and "MEP, HVAC system". The main space of the building surrounds the courtyard and receives
volume of Architecture resembles that of human body: skeleton its nourishment. Such effects can be seen in the courtyards of
(similar to structural system), skin, muscle, hair (envelope the 3 Pavilions in Xinsheng park ,ITRI Dormitory and Chiayi
system), and endocrine and nervous system (MEP, HVAC Industry Innovation Center, MOEA.
system). The common drive of these two axes is to build the Q: Differed from traditional cubit buildings, Beitou
ideal interaction between artificial and natural environment Library and the 3 Pavilions in Xinsheng park appear unique and
and to reduce the energy and resource consumed during irregular. Is there any reason for such design?
construction and Occupancy. A: Taiwan has very high population density. The shape
Q: In Taiwan, Many people think energy saving mainly of the site and objects on the ground are usually the most
relies on natural ventilation , Is it true? important trace. The site of Beitou Library is a right triangle,
A: It is true in terms of site arrangement and spatial therefore the building also has to be triangle. The three sides of
layout strategy. The humid and warm subtropical climate of the this irregular triangle are the Beitou River in the Northwest, old
summer is definitely the most important factor of our energy trees in the East, and fountain historical site in the South, which
consumption. Generally speaking, buildings in humid climate form the main drive of design of interior spatial arrangement
should emphasize natural ventilation to reach proper degree of and shell design. Although the design of Beitou Library can
comfort. In fact, the city temperature and humidity in summer be read according to nine principles of EEWH clearly, it has
are usually far beyond the comfort zone, possible reason being only one core of design: Integrating energy from external
urban heat island effect. Introducing such external air indoors environment into internal space.
will receive undesired result. On the contrary, city temperature Despite of the broader site than Beitou Library, the 3
and humidity are within comfort zone during spring and Pavilions in Xinsheng park have a more complicated plantation
autumn. In this case, natural ventilation brings the maximal and higher spatial demand. In order to reinforce the overall
benefit. The convection routes in Beitou Library, 3 Pavilions in theme of the exhibition, we decided a more active role for trees
Xinsheng park of Taipei International Flora Expo, Dormitory in the overall arrangement. Although we had been dodging trees
of ITRI Tainan campus, and Tamhui Arts workshop and Chiayi during designing, the result looked like the building grew out
Industry Innovation Center, MOEA prove this concept. In of the ground with the trees together. To preserve the whole
recent projects of Namashia Campus Reconstruction after patch of Indian dillenia wood in the south, Pavilion of Future
Typhoon 88 and Center of Innovative Incubator, National and angel live indented its belly and form the entrance at that
Tsing Hua University, CFD simulation was even adopted spot. The Indian dillenia wood became a large sunshine awning
to investigate the wind field in different seasons in order to at the entrance which allows visitors to appreciate light and
provide precise reference for design. shadow of the woods when queuing up for tickets.
Q: Courtyards are arranged in your works, including Q: You mentioned structural system is like the skeleton
the 3 Pavilions in Xinsheng park. Is there reason other than of buildings. Hybrid structural systems are often seen in Bio-
landscape? Architecture's projects, such as combination of wood, steel, and


reinforced concrete. Please tell us why were they adopted? The idea of systematic building envelope probably started
A: More than half of the carbon emission of a reinforced from the project of Beitou Library. Due to client's request
concrete building comes from concrete. Therefore, a wise of wooden building, we studied the characteristics, prices,
choice of wood, steel, or hybrid- structure under suitable of varies species of wood and details of wooden doors and
situation can reduce the most carbon emission. windows. I hadn't had Prebyopia at that time and took great
As mentioned, a building can be separated into three pleasure in drawing the details with pencils. The wooden
elements: structure system, building envelope, and MEP, curtain-wall system and was developed after these details.
HVAC system. The development of Bio-Architecture's works After that, the details of wall-roof joints, eave, and interior
in the past decade is actually the individual and interactive design were developed. The whole design development and
relationships of these three elements. Although Architecture construction documents of this 650 pin library took us almost
appears as a whole to the clients and the general public, one year to complete.
collaboration and research with professionals from various Q: Is such systematic envelope design a general rule?
fields are necessary during the design process for further What difference can occur in different project?
exploration of each element. A: There are general rules, as well as varieties. The great
For examp le, we are used to taking beam-column façade curtainwall of Tamhui Art Gallery later on was an
structure as the structure system of all buildings, only some variation of the wooden curtain wall system of Beitou Library.
are RC, some are steel, and some are hybrid beam-column automatic canvas that blocked western sunshine, BIPV, and
structure. During the competition of Taroko Station of Taiwan wooden louvre door were integrated as part of the system.
Railway, we realized that the shell structure of roof can meet In an afternoon with sufficient sunshine, BIPV and yellow
the demands of style, space, and structure altogether during the canvas awning form brilliant light and shadow. The wooden
discussion with structure engineer. More than that, the weight door-window system of the 3 pavilions of Xinsheng park is
of structural material might be reduced by a great amount. an upgraded version of that in Beitou Library. The greater
Despite of the failure in that competition, I was very excited to dimension here requires extra steel back-up and intelligent
wake up from the myth of beam-column structure after so many building system. We also developed the folding door detail in
years, although I had learned the fact in university 30 years ago. order to increase natural ventilation in the large space.
Q: What do you think is the most important concept of With the issues of west exposure to sun and beautiful
the building envelope design? Which project was the most landscape of Chianan Plain, the tasks of Second Liu-Jia
impressive to you? Dormitory of Industrial Technology Research Institute is
A: The main parts of the building envelope are the roof similar to Tamhui Art Gallery. However, the solutions differed
and external walls, which are probably also the most important from publicity. Contrary to the visual transparency required in
parts in terms of Aesthetics and energy saving. Traditional Tamhui Art Gallery, Second Liu-Jia Dormitory of Industrial
architectural design emphasized façade of the external walls, Technology Research Institute needs solid walls. Each room
so design was basically a picturesque visual design. The style, has a 1.5m*2.1m French window inside the balcony and a great
construction method, material, and opening were subject to "shield" to block sunshine outside of the balcony. The steel roof
preference. The external walls of a building, including roof, are added on top of the roof is like big parasol, insulating the heat
the main interface between internal and external environments. on top floor and increasing space for activities. Heat insulation
The purpose of integrating external walls and roof with the paint was applied on the wall, reason being the high reflection
concept of building envelope came from the consideration on of sun radiation reducing the heat penetrating the surface and
comfort and energy performance. Aesthetically, the decisive kept on RC wall to minimum. Facing solar radiant, even the
elements are advanced functionality and simplicity. Therefore, most vulnerable glass French window has the assistance of
building envelope design itself is a process to develop beauty aluminum louvre folding door. These elements constituted
and high efficiency. the simple and efficient shell of Second Liu-Jia Dormitory of
Industrial Technology Research Institute.

78

第12屆中華民國傑出建築師獎專輯

第12屆中華民國傑出建築師獎專輯

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