2. THE GOVERNMENTTHE GOVERNMENT
A state exercises its powers and performsA state exercises its powers and performs
its functions through the organism called theits functions through the organism called the
government. The powers of the government cangovernment. The powers of the government can
be divided in to three.be divided in to three.
1. Legislative powers1. Legislative powers
2. Executive powers2. Executive powers
3. Judicial powers3. Judicial powers
3. In a democratic system, theseIn a democratic system, these
powers are excercised through differentpowers are excercised through different
organs of the government. They are;organs of the government. They are;
1. Legislature1. Legislature
2. Executive2. Executive
3. Judiciary3. Judiciary
The legislative of India is calledThe legislative of India is called
parliament. The president is the Head ofparliament. The president is the Head of
the Executive. The government exercisesthe Executive. The government exercises
its powers through different agencies.its powers through different agencies.
Centralisation and misuse of powers areCentralisation and misuse of powers are
avoided.avoided.
4. THELEGISLATURETHELEGISLATURE
The primary function of a legislature is:The primary function of a legislature is:
1.1. To make lawsTo make laws
2.2. Controlling the activities of the executive.Controlling the activities of the executive.
3.3. Controlling the financial affairs of the executive .Controlling the financial affairs of the executive .
4.4. Electing the head of the state (in some countries)Electing the head of the state (in some countries)
5.5. Amending the constitutionAmending the constitution
6.6. Bringing the interests and demands of the publicBringing the interests and demands of the public
to the notice of theto the notice of the
executive.executive.
5. EXECUTIVEEXECUTIVE
Executive is the organ that carries out theExecutive is the organ that carries out the
polities and resolutions of the government.polities and resolutions of the government.
Its chief function are;Its chief function are;
(a)Administrative functions(a)Administrative functions
(b)Military functions(b)Military functions
(c)Diplomatic functions(c)Diplomatic functions
(d)Legal functions(d)Legal functions
6. JUDICIARYJUDICIARY
Judicial functioning is related to the courts ofJudicial functioning is related to the courts of
law. The responsibilities of the Judiciary are thelaw. The responsibilities of the Judiciary are the
following;following;
(a)(a) Providing Justice to the individuals and theProviding Justice to the individuals and the
society.society.
(b)(b) Protecting the fundamental rights of citizens.Protecting the fundamental rights of citizens.
(c)(c) Protecting the Federal constitution.Protecting the Federal constitution.
(d)(d) Declaring the unconstitutional laws as hullDeclaring the unconstitutional laws as hull
and void.and void.
7. JUDICIARYJUDICIARY
Judicial functioning is related to the courts ofJudicial functioning is related to the courts of
law. The responsibilities of the Judiciary are thelaw. The responsibilities of the Judiciary are the
following;following;
(a)(a) Providing Justice to the individuals and theProviding Justice to the individuals and the
society.society.
(b)(b) Protecting the fundamental rights of citizens.Protecting the fundamental rights of citizens.
(c)(c) Protecting the Federal constitution.Protecting the Federal constitution.
(d)(d) Declaring the unconstitutional laws as hullDeclaring the unconstitutional laws as hull
and void.and void.
