In twentieth century explanations for racial difference based on measurable and observable physical traits such as skin color, face shape gave way to a whole new way of thinking about the subject. There came much debate on race. The discussion of human variation , people have traditionally combined various characteristics such as skin color, face shape, nose shape, hair form whether curly or straight and the eye color. People who have particular combinations of these and physical traits have been place together in categories associated with specific geographical localities. Such categories are called races. Race was predominantly an emotionally sensitve issue considering the ideological overtones of the concept. Race instead came to be understood as a reflection of unseen differences that the scientists of the time discovered factors of heredity. As ideas about racial differences became rooted in biology, genetics came to provide the formative language of modern racism. Race according to DNA had also replaced the skin parameter. The genetic emphasis dispelled previously held misconceptions that races are fixed biological entities that don’t change over time and that are composed of individuals who all conform to a particular type. The idea that racial differences in appearance and complex social behaviors can be understood as genetic distinctions between so-called racial groups - was shaped, in large part, by the eugenics movement. Then according to Francis Galton, the founder of the movement, eugenics promised to give \"the more suitable races or strains of blood a better chance of prevailing over the less suitable.\" This could be done either through positive eugenics in which certain groups were encouraged to breed with one another; or through negative eugenics in which certain groups or individuals would be denied the right to reproduce either through sterilization, as was the case in the United States, or through genocide, as was the case in Nazi Germany. Under the guise of this biological banner, eugenic racial science exerted a diverse and far-reaching influence. It became a powerful ideological force in Nazi Germany, influenced the creation of eugenic sterilization laws in the United States that resulted in at least 30,000 sterilizations, stoked racial hatred in early 20th century America, and became a scientific buttress of 20th century American racial ideology. For the first three decades of the 20th century, many geneticists advocated eugenic ideas and helped to shape the movement. Solution In twentieth century explanations for racial difference based on measurable and observable physical traits such as skin color, face shape gave way to a whole new way of thinking about the subject. There came much debate on race. The discussion of human variation , people have traditionally combined various characteristics such as skin color, face shape, nose shape, hair form whether curly or straight and the eye color. People who have particular.

1. In twentieth century explanations for racial difference based on measurable and observable
physical traits such as skin color, face shape gave way to a whole new way of thinking about the
subject. There came much debate on race.
The discussion of human variation , people have traditionally combined various characteristics
such as skin color, face shape, nose shape, hair form whether curly or straight and the eye color.
People who have particular combinations of these and physical traits have been place together in
categories associated with specific geographical localities. Such categories are called races. Race
was predominantly an emotionally sensitve issue considering the ideological overtones of the
concept.
Race instead came to be understood as a reflection of unseen differences that the scientists of the
time discovered factors of heredity. As ideas about racial differences became rooted in biology,
genetics came to provide the formative language of modern racism. Race according to DNA had
also replaced the skin parameter. The genetic emphasis dispelled previously held misconceptions
that races are fixed biological entities that don’t change over time and that are composed of
individuals who all conform to a particular type.
The idea that racial differences in appearance and complex social behaviors can be understood
as genetic distinctions between so-called racial groups - was shaped, in large part, by the
eugenics movement. Then according to Francis Galton, the founder of the movement, eugenics
promised to give "the more suitable races or strains of blood a better chance of prevailing over
the less suitable." This could be done either through positive eugenics in which certain groups
were encouraged to breed with one another; or through negative eugenics in which certain
groups or individuals would be denied the right to reproduce either through sterilization, as was
the case in the United States, or through genocide, as was the case in Nazi Germany. Under the
guise of this biological banner, eugenic racial science exerted a diverse and far-reaching
influence. It became a powerful ideological force in Nazi Germany, influenced the creation of
eugenic sterilization laws in the United States that resulted in at least 30,000 sterilizations, stoked
racial hatred in early 20th century America, and became a scientific buttress of 20th century
American racial ideology. For the first three decades of the 20th century, many geneticists
advocated eugenic ideas and helped to shape the movement.
Solution
In twentieth century explanations for racial difference based on measurable and observable
physical traits such as skin color, face shape gave way to a whole new way of thinking about the
subject. There came much debate on race.

2. The discussion of human variation , people have traditionally combined various characteristics
such as skin color, face shape, nose shape, hair form whether curly or straight and the eye color.
People who have particular combinations of these and physical traits have been place together in
categories associated with specific geographical localities. Such categories are called races. Race
was predominantly an emotionally sensitve issue considering the ideological overtones of the
concept.
Race instead came to be understood as a reflection of unseen differences that the scientists of the
time discovered factors of heredity. As ideas about racial differences became rooted in biology,
genetics came to provide the formative language of modern racism. Race according to DNA had
also replaced the skin parameter. The genetic emphasis dispelled previously held misconceptions
that races are fixed biological entities that don’t change over time and that are composed of
individuals who all conform to a particular type.
The idea that racial differences in appearance and complex social behaviors can be understood
as genetic distinctions between so-called racial groups - was shaped, in large part, by the
eugenics movement. Then according to Francis Galton, the founder of the movement, eugenics
promised to give "the more suitable races or strains of blood a better chance of prevailing over
the less suitable." This could be done either through positive eugenics in which certain groups
were encouraged to breed with one another; or through negative eugenics in which certain
groups or individuals would be denied the right to reproduce either through sterilization, as was
the case in the United States, or through genocide, as was the case in Nazi Germany. Under the
guise of this biological banner, eugenic racial science exerted a diverse and far-reaching
influence. It became a powerful ideological force in Nazi Germany, influenced the creation of
eugenic sterilization laws in the United States that resulted in at least 30,000 sterilizations, stoked
racial hatred in early 20th century America, and became a scientific buttress of 20th century
American racial ideology. For the first three decades of the 20th century, many geneticists
advocated eugenic ideas and helped to shape the movement.