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Oracle cloud storage and file system
- 2. © 2012 Tieto Corporation
Few notes about me
•I
• Am a Oracle Apps DBA
• Have 4 years exprerience working with Oracle products
• Am 10g/11g OCP certified
• Sometimes blog at: adbaday.wordpress.com
• More often tweet as @akarpov_
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Agenda
• Cloud Storage
• Cloud file system (focus)
o Background
o Features
o Use cases
o Demos
o Tips
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Some Questions
• Who has heard of Oracle Cloud Storage?
• Who has heard of ACFS?
• Who uses ACFS?
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ACFS
• = ASM Cluster file system or Automatic Storage
Management Cluster file system
• ASM appeared with 10g
• ACFS extension introduced in 11gR2
• In January 2011 ACFS has been rebranded to Oracle Cloud
file system
• Oracle Cloud Storage = ASM + ADVM + ACFS
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Cloud Storage - architecture
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ASM Cluster File System (AFCS)
• Introduced in Grid Infrastructure 11gR2
• Built from the traditional ASM disk groups
• General purpose file system
• Uses standard file related system calls like others file
systems in the market
• Disk creation for ACFS is performed with a typical workflow
process
• Requires ASM Dynamic volume
• Supported on RH/EL 5.x ACFS Supported On OS Platforms.
[ID 1369107.1]
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ASM Dynamic Volumes and ADVM
• Used for creating dynamic volumes
• Similar as other logical volumes
• Designed for cluster and single host volumes
• Loadable kernel driver
• ASM features
• Dynamic storage provisioning
• Cross platform (Windows, Unix)
• Easy to manage using asmcmd, asmca, EM and SQL
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ACFS deployment
• Two types of ACFS file systems:
• CRS Managed ACFS (for example, ORACLE_HOME)
• Clusterwide by default
• Automatically creates a dependency with placed resource (DB)
• General Purpose ACFS
• No structural differences
• Does not support Oracle Database files (controlfiles,
datafiles, online redo logs, etc.)
• Does not support grid home installation
• From 11.2.0.3 supports RMAN backups (backupsets),
archivelogs and Data Pump dumpsets
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ACFS Mount registry
• Persistent entry for each GP ACFS file system after reboot
• Similar to /etc/fstab on Linux
• Not needed for CRS Managed ACFS file systems
• Need for mounting GP FS during node startup
• /sbin/acfsutil registry -a -f -n ol58-1123-rac1 /dev/asm/u02-361 /u02
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Manage ACFS
• Online resize - be careful!
• There is a limit of 5 extents for the file system's internal storage
bitmap. This causes any attempts to increase the file system to fail
after it has been increased four or more times.
• Solution - /sbin/fsck -a -v -y -t acfs /dev/asm/acfs-368
• Decrease FS and increase again with increase size > decrease size
• Mount / umount (also via NFS protocol)
• Register
• Delete
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ACFS Disk Space Usage
• Preallocates large user files to improve performance when
writing data
• Keeps local bitmaps available to reduce contention on the
global storage bitmap when searching for free space
• This disk space is reported as in use by tools such as the
UNIX df command even though some of it may not actually be
allocated as of yet
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ACFS Snapshots
• Read / write snapshots from 11.2.0.3
• First Copy-on-Write (FCOW) methodology
• Available under .ACFS
• Point-in-time view of a file
• ACFS snapshots can be very useful for file-based recovery or for file
system backups
• Dynamic and space efficient
• Recovery using copy and replace
• Use case – ORACLE_HOME patching
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ACFS Replication
• 11.2.0.3 feature
• Enabled replication of ACFS file systems across the network
to a remote site
• Replication logs are used to replicate from primary to
standby asynchronously
• Supports ACFS Tagging, needs specific configuration
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ACFS Tagging
• Assigns a common naming attribute to a group of files
• Selects files with tag for replication
• /sbin/acfsutil tag set logfiles -r /u02/logfiles/*.log
• /sbin/acfsutil repl init primary -s standby/standby@standby_site
tagname logfiles ...
• Avoids entire file system replication
• Requires some additional rpms and configuration
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ACFS Security
• Uses Realms, Rules, RuleSets, and Command Rules to
enforce security
• Modeled after Data Vault
• Realm is a virtual container for
• Users
• Files and dirs, access defined by security filters
• Rules and rule sets defining access
• Command rules to allow/disallow operations
• Fine grained access control
• Example: Grant functional consultant John read only access to
logfiles or outfiles between 9-11 pm for reporting purposes
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ACFS Encryption
• Enable users to encrypt data stored on disk
• Prevents unauthorized use of data in case of data loss or
theft
• Secure encryption keys to decode data
• File encryption key (FEK) – to encrypt file data
• Volume Encryption key (VEK) – to encrypt FEK
• As of now, security cannot be used with replication
• COMPATIBLE.ASM and COMPATIBLE.ADVM should be
set to 11.2.0.3
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Limits
• 63 snapshots
• Up to 64 mounts on 32 bit systems, and 256 mounts on 64
bit systems
• Do not use ACFS to store database files
• Do not use ADVM volume devices for bootstrap or root file
system
• Do not partition (fdisk) ADVM volume devices
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Benefits
• A better (faster and more reliable) alternative to traditional
NFS
• Dynamic management
• No need to separate storage administrators and ASM
administrators
• Mount it anywhere with NFS
• Features
• Performance
• Do not use ACFS on 32 bits!
• http://adbaday.wordpress.com/2011/11/11/grid-infrastructure-on-
rhel5-x86-story-oom-explained/
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Oracle Apps considerations
• Middleware
• eBusiness Suite application stack on ACFS
• Not specially certified
• Not Unsupported
• Ideal for placing shared log files, output files, etc
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Licencing
• Comes free out-of-the box with Grid Infrastructure
installation
• Free to use for Oracle DB, middleware, applications...
• Unless you want to store your personal files on ACFS
• No limitations in feature usage
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Documentation
• http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/cloud-
storage/index.html Oracle Cloud File System overview
• http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/cloud-
storage/acfs-technical-overview-514457.pdf ACFS technical
overview
• http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e18951/as
mfilesystem.htm#CBBFJCED Introduction to Oracle ACFS
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