Annotated Bibliography of Your Research The Assignment In this assignment, you are asked to research an issue in order to: · discover how that issue is depicted by people interested in it, and · answer your research question. To do this, you will write an annotated bibliography of at least eight sources on your issue. The purpose of this assignment is to discover how your issue is depicted by different people who hold different positions on your issue and different conjectures about the cause of the problem. A depiction of a state of affairs is called a "conjecture" in rhetoric. If parties to an argument hold different conjectures about the way the world works, this difference may contribute to their inability to agree on a particular issue. For example, a conservative politician might conjecture that people are poor because they are too lazy to work, while a liberal politician might conjecture that people are poor because for some reason beyond their control they have been unable to find or get work. A socialist, on the other hand, might conjecture that people are poor under capitalism because capitalism mandates that wealth be unequally distributed. As you can see from this example, conjectures do not establish the truth or fact of the issue under discussion; rather, they represent an educated guess about what might be, or what might have occurred. And since people who occupy different social and political positions may perceive reality very differently, people may paint very different pictures of that reality. While researching for different perspectives on your issue, you will also start finding the sources that will help answer the research question you developed in your Research Proposal Essay. By focusing on the need to find different perspectives on the issue, be sure to not only find the sources/evidence that support your answer to the question, but also sources/evidence that are different from your own opinion and that even disagree. Goal The point of this assignment is to use reading and writing to help you understand that it is possible for events and objects in the world to be depicted differently by people who are advancing their own interests and see the issue from different perspectives. These differing positions that people take on issues arise from their different positions in culture, from their individual histories, and from the history of the culture they inhabit. You are required to use at least eight (8) different sources for this assignment, and the entire annotated bibliography should be between 4-7 pages long. You will need to use credible sources. Composition An annotated bibliography is basically a list of sources with a paragraph of description and explanation about each one. Your paragraphs of description for each source should enlarge our understanding of how the issue is perceived by the author(s) of the source, and it should also help us to evaluate the various positions taken by persons who are concerned.

1. Annotated Bibliography of Your Research
The Assignment
In this assignment, you are asked to research an issue in order
to:
· discover how that issue is depicted by people interested in it,
and
· answer your research question.
To do this, you will write an annotated bibliography of at least
eight sources on your issue.
The purpose of this assignment is to discover how your issue is
depicted by different people who hold different positions on
your issue and different conjectures about the cause of the
problem. A depiction of a state of affairs is called a
"conjecture" in rhetoric. If parties to an argument hold different
conjectures about the way the world works, this difference may
contribute to their inability to agree on a particular issue. For
example, a conservative politician might conjecture that people
are poor because they are too lazy to work, while a liberal
politician might conjecture that people are poor because for
some reason beyond their control they have been unable to find
or get work. A socialist, on the other hand, might conjecture
that people are poor under capitalism because capitalism
mandates that wealth be unequally distributed. As you can see
from this example, conjectures do not establish the truth or fact
of the issue under discussion; rather, they represent an educated
guess about what might be, or what might have occurred. And
since people who occupy different social and political positions
may perceive reality very differently, people may paint very
different pictures of that reality.
While researching for different perspectives on your issue, you
will also start finding the sources that will help answer the
research question you developed in your Research Proposal
Essay. By focusing on the need to find different perspectives on
the issue, be sure to not only find the sources/evidence that

2. support your answer to the question, but also sources/evidence
that are different from your own opinion and that even disagree.
Goal
The point of this assignment is to use reading and writing to
help you understand that it is possible for events and objects in
the world to be depicted differently by people who are
advancing their own interests and see the issue from different
perspectives. These differing positions that people take on
issues arise from their different positions in culture, from their
individual histories, and from the history of the culture they
inhabit. You are required to use at least eight (8) different
sources for this assignment, and the entire annotated
bibliography should be between 4-7 pages long. You will need
to use credible sources.
Composition
An annotated bibliography is basically a list of sources with a
paragraph of description and explanation about each one. Your
paragraphs of description for each source should enlarge our
understanding of how the issue is perceived by the author(s) of
the source, and it should also help us to evaluate the various
positions taken by persons who are concerned with the issue.
You may wish to list key themes that appear in the source, and
you might want to speculate as to why the author(s) holds the
position he or she does. A successful paper will illustrate the
complexity of the issue you are studying by using the
annotations to map out the available positions and reflect on the
parties' investment in those positions. In addition, your
annotated bibliography should include an introductory
paragraph that identifies the issue you are researching and some
of the controversy surrounding it and a concluding paragraph
that describes what you have learned by looking at different
perspectives on the issue you are researching.
At minimum, each of the annotations should include the
following:

3. · A summary of the source;
· A description of the perspective being conveyed and a brief
analysis of how and why this group holds their beliefs;
· An evaluation of the relevance and value (authority) of the
source; and
· A reflection of how and why this source fits into your
research.
The annotations might also include the following:
· A comparison of the source to other sources in the
bibliography;
· A description of how you foresee yourself using the source in
your Researched Persuasive Essay; and
· An analysis of how and why this source allows you to better
understand your purpose and audience for your Researched
Persuasive Essay.
You will be required to follow the MLA citation style
guidelines for this paper. It is very important that you leave
yourself enough time to carefully examine all of your in-text
and bibliographic citations. Your grade will suffer if you do not
properly follow MLA citation guidelines for both direct quoting
and paraphrasing. Your bibliographic citations must also be
correct. If you have any difficulties trying to determine what the
proper bibliographic citation set-up is, check in your Grammar
Rules! Book or Purdue Owl online writing lab. The Write Place
may be another source for additional support and guidance.
And, feel free to schedule to meet with me during office hours
or during workshop in class.
Getting Started with Your Research
· Go to ECC’s homepage.
· Click on “Library” under the heading “Resources.”
· Click on “Search Library Resources Now.”
· Click on “Article Databases.”
· Type in search terms and be sure to limit your search “full
text.” This assures that you only retrieve articles to which have
full access. Note: “Peer reviewed journals” limits you to

4. scholarly journals. Scholarly journals are usually considered
more authoritative and reliable.
· Continue trying different, yet related, search terms to find
more sources.
Last Name 2
Student Name
Ginger Alms
English 101-115
26 March 2016
The Rise of Obesity
The rates of obesity have risen dramatically in the past 20
years. The kinds of food and ingredients that are put in our body
are causing this epidemic to grow at a steady pace. Furthermore,
this issue tends to be more prevalent in lower income
households. The junk food that is made available for the poor
are cheap, quick, and contain very unhealthy ingredients. The
foods that are of high quality, however, are limited to those in
the lower class. Those in the lower class are subjected to a
higher risk of obesity. In this annotated bibliography, I will be
exploring facts from all points of view and using these sources
to answer the question: Why are there higher rates of obesity in
the lower class?
Ambinder, Marc. "Beating Obesity." The Atlantic, 13 Apr.
2010. Expanded Academic ASAP,
go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&sw=w&u=ecc_main&v=2.1&
it=r&id=GALE%7CA223768667&asid=51bee16643d6912dbd74
7851b98db263. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017.
Marc is writer who had this journal published on the Atlantic, a
popular magazine. It is credible because Atlantic has a
reputation of analyzing strong issues from a worldwide view.
This article refers to the obesity epidemic in America. He writes
specifically on the many factors causing obesity and then relates
to his own story of beating obesity. His perspective is to fight

5. obesity at the source, which is the food-industrial complex. I
think this article is important because it explains the factors that
are outside of one’s willpower. This definitely relates to those
in the lower class because most of their factors are outside of
their control. I can use this article to explain the factors that the
poor cannot control.
Caprio, Sonia, et al. "Influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on
childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment: a
consensus statement of Shaping America's Health and the
Obesity Society." Diabetes Care, Nov. 2008, p.
2211+. Expanded Academic ASAP,
go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=EAIM&sw=w&u=ecc_main&v=2.1
&it=r&id=GALE%7CA188967067&asid=f40bdf921e2474d7326
92136e700c6da. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017.
This article takes in consideration the many variables that result
in childhood obesity including SES, race, and ethnicity. She
perceives obesity as a widespread epidemic in all three of these
categories. She looks at these different factors in childhood to
understand the risk factors that lead into adulthood. I am going
to look at a singular category, the socioeconomic status. I
believe I can take quotes from this specific research. This is a
credible source because it is on Gale and has many doctors
contributing to the article.
First, Food. "Hunger Is a Serious Problem for America's
Poor." Poverty, edited by Karen Balkin, Greenhaven Press,
2004. Opposing Viewpoints. Opposing Viewpoints in Context,
link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010159235/OVIC?u=ecc_main
&xid=51b0663Accessed 26 Mar. 2017. Originally published as
"The Rich Get Richer, the Poor Go Hungry," www.foodfirst.org,
6 Aug. 2002.
This article counters my idea of the growing epidemic of
obesity in low income families. This article explains how
poverty areas have higher rates of hunger. The author’s
perspective is that the poor cannot afford the simple necessities
like food. Many of the poor individuals have to decide if they
want to eat or pay the bills. I think this would make a valid

6. counter argument because they are essentially opposite views of
the socioeconomic status related to food. It also gives
information about people struggling on food stamps. I will take
information about the percentage of those struggling to eat and
those on food stamps. This source is credible because it is from
the Gale Database, which holds a lot of research articles.
Haushofer, Johannes and Ernst Fehr. "On the Psychology of
Poverty." Science, vol. 344, no. 6186, 23 May 2014, pp. 862-
867. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1126/science.1232491.
This academic journal thoroughly explains about the one of the
most pressing issues in our time, poverty. It reveals the
consequences of poverty and its inescapable reality. The authors
look into the perspective of a person who lives in poverty. This
journal was written by psychology experts, thus making it
credible. I want to take a quote from this journal because it
emphasizes the issues of how people deal with poverty.
Lecos, Chris. "Our insatiable sweet tooth." FDA Consumer, Oct.
1985, p. 25. Expanded Academic ASAP,
go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&sw=w&u=ecc_main&v=2.1&
it=r&id=GALE%7CA3960614&asid=cbe6fccb4e8c1d7544ecf21f
97b1b3a6. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017.
This article focuses on American’s sweet tooth for refined
sugars. He indulges into the industries powerful sugar
substances that are cheap, and the sugar in foods. These sugars
are addictive, and it increases our consumption of these
products. His perspective focuses on the industry and
Americans food consumption of sugar. Americans have
experienced a direct increase of health problems like obesity
because of the sugar intake. I can use this article to look at
foods that are more affordable for the poor and relate it back to
obesity. The author is a part of the FDA, which regulates our
food. I think this is very credible because the FDA has a huge
part of regulating American’s food.
"Obesity." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences,
edited by David L. Sills, vol. 11, Macmillan, 1968, pp. 227-
232. Gale Virtual Reference Library,

7. go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=ecc_main&v=2.1
&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3045000880&asid=4c9c2a17abf1e5a75
fc26ba3a5a0ef3b. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017.
This is a book with all the information about obesity. This will
definitely be helpful with background information and
understanding obesity. This book is based on an encyclopedia
excerpt that explains everything on obesity such as economic
physiological and socioeconomic factors. This book doesn’t
have a biased perspective, but looks at obesity globally. It fits
this paper because it offers lots of information about obesity. I
can take this information to inform the audience of obesity. This
book was edited and takes information from numerous other
sources, which I believe makes it credible.
O'Donnell, Claudia D. "Obesity: politics to products." Prepared
Foods, Dec. 2009, p. 15+. Expanded Academic ASAP,
go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&sw=w&u=ecc_main&v=2.1&
it=r&id=GALE%7CA219376354&asid=e5e25c560497b2c4dfcd8
c4cc84ced1a. Accessed 26 Mar. 2017.
In this journal, she elaborates more of the content of food,
which directly impact obesity. She takes into account the
illusion of new weight management foods such as reduced-fat
products. She also addresses how socioeconomic status and
obesity are powerful inverses of each other. I think her
perspective is focusing on the ingredients that these companies
put into food, which results in a more obese society. I think this
will fit in nicely into my paper because cheap corn and high
fructose corn syrup is added to cheap foods that lower income
individuals purchase. Claudia is a regular writer on Gale;
therefore gives her the credibility because Gale is a research
database.
Talvi, Silja J.A. "Obesity Is a Serious Problem in Poor and
Minority Communities." Obesity, edited by Andrea C. Nakaya,
Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints. Opposing
Viewpoints in Context,
link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010380211/OVIC?u=ecc_main
&xid=80bfe6b3. Accessed 22 Mar. 2017. Originally published

8. as "Bearing the Burden," ColorLines, vol. 5, Fall 2002, pp. 10-
12.
In this article, the author talks about the growing obesity rates
in poor communities, as well as minority communities. Her
perspective is looking at homes with a lower socioeconomic
status, which is primarily minorities. There is at least a 19
percent increase of those in low status to be obese. Since
minorities have low status, it ultimately affects minority
individuals more. Talvi is a freelance journalist who has
written for In These Times and the Christian Science Monitor.
She has written articles in well know magazines, therefore
increases her ethos.I am going to use her statistics to reveal the
correlation between poverty and obesity. Although, it leans
towards more of minority groups, she still writes the about the
poor as a whole that is affected by obesity.
I believe that these sources are all credible and will help me
make a clear view of obesity in the lower class. Many of these
sources are based on factual evidence from studies because they
are from EBSCO, and Gale. The authors of these articles are
doctors or have personal experiences, which makes the writing
more credible. I plan to use all of these sources in order to
support my argument that those in poverty are becoming obese.