Law Essay Uk

Poor Law Act 1601 Essay
The Poor Law act 1601 was introduced and classified the poor into three groups, setting policies for
each, the impotent poor, able bodied poor and persistent idler. It viewed poverty as the fault of the
person, not their situation. Following industrialisation and a decrease in agricultural jobs, workers
moved to factories working for low pay and in appalling conditions, but those needing employment
outweighed the availability of such.
In 1834 the Poor Law act amendment was made whereby the poor were to follow the new order
discipline. Workhouse conditions were reduced to be worse than the lowest paid jobs to discourage
requests for help. Regardless of these conditions numbers within workhouses more than doubled by
1843 (Kirby et al., 2000)....show more content...
It saw high wages fought for by unions as being a factor in unemployment. They replaced grants with
loans from the social fund, benefit eligibility was reduced and payments cut.Pensions decreased,
council houses were sold and companies were privatised. Care in the community was introduced
encouraging more care by family members (free). They pushed for the nuclear family, outcasting
women and ostrecising single mothers.
Social Exclusion–
New right ended in 1997 replaced by New Labour.– fight against marginalized groups through
rejecting inequality, emphasising obligations and responsibilities. Its welfare to work policy
supported subsidized training and work experience.
New right approach : Based on free market is better than government at giving economic growth and
improved living standards. Believe in individualism, self reliance and privatisation.Government
spending has negative consequences.
Marxism – welfare state is a mechanism to reproduce capitalism.
The Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research conducted a study using data gathered
from 46 developing countries to examine child poverty. The results found over a third of children
lived in absolute poverty or in homes of more than five people.134 million 7–18 year olds lack basic
education and over 375 million drink unsafe water. Civil war added to all of this makes for a hard
existence (Newbold et al.,
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The United Kingdom Public Law Essay
The United Kingdom Public Law United Kingdom Public Law Public law is the section of law
that governs the relationship between individuals and the government and other relationships
between individuals, which directly concern the society. It comprises of constitutional law, tax
law, criminal law and administrative law. In public law, compulsory rules prevail. Freedom of
speech is the notion of publicly voicing one's view without the fear of being punished or censored.
In the UK, the freedom of speech is a philosophy of great importance. This is either because
freedom of speech is one of the basic human rights or because in Europe it is the social consensus. In
Europe, the expression of opinion, including expression through...show more content...
Whether peaceful or not, demonstrations and the use of lethal force should be prevented (Muller,
2004). In An Introduction to the Study of the Law, Dicey (2008) stated that the constitution
hardly recognized any specific right of public meetings. In Duncan v. Jones (1936), Lord Hewart
ruled that the law did not recognize any special right of public meetings either for political or
other purposes. Ezelin v France is a relevant law case from the ECHR, which requires a balance
between positive protection and the need to keep peace. It was noted that the freedom to participate
in approved peaceful assemblies, was important and could not be restricted as long as the person
concerned did not commit any reprehensible acts in such occasions. The duty to ensure that
demonstrations proceed peacefully lies squarely on member states to take reasonable and appropriate
measures (Hayek, 1978). The duty of the states requires the police protect one group to another but
the protection may be unauthorized if the demonstration is unlawful and unothorised as in
Ziliberberg, or if the conduct is such that it disturbs public peace. The HRA gives domestic effects to
the European convention. It does not prevent the passing of a statute that restricts street
demonstrations by the parliament, and it does not provide for the courts to do more than make a

Law School Essay
Law School Perhaps one of the most difficult aspects of the practice of law is learning to be a
lawyer. Virtually every new lawyer today is a graduate of law school, a much dreaded, but
fulfilling journey to practicing law. Modern law schools differ greatly from their earlier counterpart,
in that many more requirements and responsibilities exist. In colonial times, students pursuing a
career in law would enter institutions for instruction of the law, and would automatically become
qualified to practice law in the courts after a few years of study. Today, however, becoming a
lawyer takes much more training, rigorous work and effort, and many years of studying in order to
take a bar exam of which passage represents qualification....show more content...
These sections include logical reasoning, analytical reasoning, reading comprehension, a writing
sample, and an experimental section, which does not count toward the final score of the law
school applicant. The writing sample is not scored either, but it is sent to every law school to
which an aspiring law student applies. Law schools usually do not use it as a significant part of
the admissions process. Admission requirements of prestigious schools in the United States differ
greatly with those of the less prominent. As written by the Dean of Admissions at Stanford Law
School: "Admission to Stanford Law School is based primarily upon superior academic
achievement and potential to contribute to the development and practice of the law. Competition
is severe: the 178 members of the Class of 2002 were selected from among 4,000 applicants, and
most were drawn from the upper 5 percent of their undergraduate class and the upper 5 percent of
the LSAT pool. The class that entered in 1999 numbered 93 women and 85 men, over half of whom
had been out of college for two or more years." In contrast, other less–prominent law schools around
the nation do not present nearly as strict requirements for applicants. In evaluating individual files,
the faculty of any law school considers the record of both undergraduate and graduate education, and
the applicant's talents, nonacademic experience, and

The Sources of English Law Essay example
The Sources of English Law In UK there are three main sources of English law, Legislation (Statue
Law), Common Law (Judge–made Law) and the European Communities law. English Law was
historically based on customs and social traditions. Today Custom Law is a part of Common Law,
notably being in cases where there was no judicial precedent but which were known to exist since
time memorial (i.e. since 1189). Many of these laws such as the Fisherman's Case (1894) 2 East PC
661( http://wilmington.butterworths.co.uk/citator–0
/Citator.ASP?WCI=tmpSearch&WCE=Form&WCU=) in criminal law and Beckett Ltd v. Lyons
[1967] 1 All ER 833 the law of user in Land Law are still good law. Custom law can still be used
...show more content...
Parliament can delegate the power to legislate to various bodies such as local authorities, the
Crown and ministers. Delegated legislation has same legal force and effect as the Act of
Parliament. The advantages of delegated legislation are: time saving, access to particular
expertise and, flexibility. On the other hand it can be a disadvantage due to lack of accountability
and effective scrutiny as it can erode the constitutional powers of the Parliament. Another major
source of law comes from judges deciding cases before them, also referred to as Case Law.
Judges use various rules to interpret legislation and the intention of the Parliament. For example,
in the case of Royal College of Nursing v. DHSS [1981] 1 All ER 545, three judges gave their
judgment using the mischief rule and two judges used the literal rule to interpret the Abortion Act
1967, and the intention of the Parliament (173 and 174 Slapper G. and Kelly D. The English
Legal System (5th Edition), (2001) Cavendish Publishing Ltd, London, Sydney). One example of
when judges have actually made new law is the case of R v. R [1994] 4 All ER 48 decided in the
House of Lords. The court re–interpreted the legislation so that a husband could be found guilty of
raping his wife. 'Stare decisis' or binding precedent is at the heart of the English legal system and
case law is particularly dependent on it. It refers to

Why Study Law Essay
Why study law? I think law is a course where you can practice practical skills and gain other skills
too. Law is human rights; it is solving people's problems and getting to know what people go
through. Firstly I want to study law because of the injustices that still exist in the world we are in
and it bothers me a lot. I want to be the one that can change it. I want to be the one that will help
people and get them justice. I want to the society to be equal and I want to fight for some human
rights. I want to be a lawyer or an investigator in crime scenes because I love solving problems which
are between two people and think about which option is the best to set and go for. I am a good
listener and I like taking risks. I want to be...show more content...
I think studying abroad makes you gain some self confidence and know how to handle
responsibilities by yourself. I will be able to rebuild my life from scratch. I will get to meet
different people who lead to different cultures and I will meet an entirely new culture. I will get to
ask the friends I will make about how is law back in their countries. How does their law differ
from ours? I will be able to explore the world, the world that I yet didn't see. I will get to see how
education is in different countries and get to experience it. Being an international student will
help meet other international students and I will get to ask and see how cultures differ and what
are their traditions are like. The steps I take are my future; I am the one who move my feet towards
the goal I want. It is what I want to be and what I will hopefully be. There isn't anyone who could
stop me from being what or who I want to become. Yes I will be alone and I will get lost a lot of
times but that is part of rebuilding who I am. That'll teach me loads of things I never knew and I
will learn more about

Law & Morality Essay
Consider the view that there is a close relationship between law and morality. Examine the debate
as to whether the law should reflect moral values, and discuss issues, which show the continuing
importance of that debate. (30marks + 5 for AO3) A definition of law adapted from LB Curzon,
Dictionary of Law states " the law is a set of rules which are binding among the people of a
community or a state, so that they will be imposed upon and enforced among those persons by
appropriate sanctions". The definition of morals given by Elliott and Quinn, Law for AQA state
that "morals are beliefs and values which are shared by society, or a section of society; they tell
those who share them what is right or wrong". There are many similarities...show more content...
Prostitution is the act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for
payment. In the United Kingdom, prostitution itself is not a crime, but soliciting in a public
place, kerb crawling, owning or managing a brothel, pimping and pandering, are crimes. In
England and Wales and in Northern Ireland it is an offence to pay for sex with a prostitute who
has been "subjected to force" and this is a strict liability offence and clients can be prosecuted even
if they didn't know the prostitute was forced. It is illegal to buy sex from a person younger than 18,
although the age of consent for non–commercial sex is 16. Section 53A of the Sexual Offences Act
2003 creates the offence of "paying for sexual services of a prostitute subjected to force etc.",
which is a strict liability offence. This section was inserted on 1 April 2010 by section 14 of the
Policing and Crime Act 2009. It is an offence for a person persistently to loiter or solicit in a street
or public place for the purpose of prostitution. This offence is created by section 1(1) of the Street
Offences Act 1959 as amended by section 16 of the Policing and Crime Act 2009. It prohibits
street prostitution. The term "prostitute" is defined for the purposes of sections 48 to 50 and 52 and
53 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003, and for the purposes of section

Reflective Essay On Law
Upon entering this class, I had a skeptical mind on what law was. We believed law as a superior,
overpowering, and controlling way of life. We had negative thoughts towards the law, and only
expected negative results because of it. While being in this class this semester, my mind was
opened and because of it I allowed a better understanding of law into my lifestyle. I realized that
what I say may have repercussions as well as negatively damage my business. Some of the
BLAW subjects that will help me to grow in my career as well as an everyday consumer I will
discuss throughout this assignment. As a Sophomore in college, we are still considered the
"newbies" of the University. Some of us are still trying to find our groove, while others are
excelling at it. So being a Sophomore in this BLAW class, helped me realize that every course
that I am taking is to better me for my career. I believe that BLAW is highly important when
majoring in a business degree, simply because in our line of work it's common for us to be
consumed by greed or make minor judgment mistakes to better the company that we're working
for. BLAW creates this building block for you and how you must go about your work life to fully
succeed. My future career includes hopefully becoming an officer in the United States Air Force,
with my background as Business Major I hope to either become a Logistics Readiness Officer or a
Contracting Officer. Both Air Force careers deal with the business franchise of the United

Essay on Legislation
Critically discuss the beliefs and social and political influences that have shaped contemporary
service provision for children and young people
This essay will give information about different pieces of legislation including Education Act
(1944), The Mary Warnock Report (1978), and 'Every Child Matters' (2003). The essay is also going
to discuss The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) 2007.
In May 1940 Britain had been at war and shortly after Neville Chamberlain who was conservative
Prime Minister was forced to resign due to the lack of confidence in his party. He was later replaced
by Winston Churchill. In October 1940 Herwald Ramsbotham who was president of the Board of
Education, met with senior officers to discuss the Prime...show more content...
If the child had behavioural difficulties then there is a longer time for the statement process.
However when the report was renewed in 2005, Baroness Warnock stated that statements aren't a
good idea and should only be retained as a safety net (Douglas Silas Solicitors, 2012). From
discussing the Mary Warnock Report this essay is now going to talk about the Green Paper Act
which is also known as 'Every Child Matters'.
Every Child Matters Green paper (2003) was published shortly after the death of Victoria
ClimbiГ© and was put in place to change children's services. This legislation has five key outcomes
that will help children in child hood through to later life. The five key outcomes are making sure
children: stay safe, enjoy and achieve, be healthy, achieve economic well–being and making a
positive contribution. The framework made sure that the multi–agency partnerships such as health
visitors and social services were put into place so that it gave children the best opportunity to
succeed to their full potential and bring out the best in children. From the Every Child Matters
Green Paper legislation this then led to the creation of Common Assessment Framework which is
also known as (CAF). By bringing this in it made sure that all of the agencies working with children
understand the individual needs for the children. CAF forms led to meetings which brought together
the agencies which made sure the Ever Child Matters plan is met and followed (Department for

The Rule of Law Essay
The rule of law is a difficult concept to grasp and proves elusive to substantive definition. However,
the following work considers the attempts of various social and legal theorists to define the concept
and pertinent authorities are considered. Attitudes and emphasis as to the exact shape, form and
content of the rule of law differ quite widely depending on the socio–political perspective and views
of respective commentators (Slapper and Kelly, 2009, p16), although there are common themes that
are almost universally adopted. The conclusions to this work endeavour to consolidate thinking on
the rule of law in order to address the question posed in the title, which is at first sight a deceptively
simple one. The rule of law Modern...show more content...
Slapper and Kelly postulate that: "the 'rule of law' represents a symbolic ideal against which the
proponents of widely divergent political persuasions measures and criticise the shortcomings of
contemporary State practice." (Slapper and Kelly, 2009, p15) These commentators concede that
the concept 'lacks precision' and that its meaning changes over time. Noted legal philosopher
Joseph Raz accepted the necessity for State intervention in society and suggests that the rule of law
is essentially a means of controlling, limiting and shaping the exercise of discretion in this
intervention, rather than seeking to abolish it entirely (Raz, 1977, p195). Raz clearly appreciated
the risks associated with the arbitrary and uncontrolled exercise of discretionary power and
envisaged the principle of the rule of law as the primary safeguard against that threat. Many other
writers appear to share the opinion expressed by Raz that the raison d'ГЄtre of the rule of law is to
control the exercise of discretion, including Dicey, Hayek and Thompson, and to a lesser extent
Unger and Weber. Dicey, for example, in his highly influential magnum opus, An Introduction to the
Study of the Law of the Constitution, suggested that the rule of law is composed of three distinct
and specific, but indivisible elements (Dicey, 1885, p179–201). These are: 1. An absence of arbitrary
power in the hands of the State; 2. The supremacy of ordinary

Law Commission Essay
As a body the law commission is an independent, permanent and full time organisation where their
aim is to improve the law by making suggested changes and brings it up to date. The law
commission was created by the law commission act of 1965.
In the law commission there are five commissioners. There is one chairman/women who is a high
court judge and four others which can be either legal academics and/or practicing barristers who are
both trained to a high standard.
There are three ways that they try to modernise the law, by codification where they bring together a
particular topic to one act of parliament. Examples of this includes Draft Criminal Code Act 1989,
Murder and Homicide Act 2006 and the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. Consolidation...show more
content...
Where they will go through the same process as to the House of Commons, but, when they have
done the third reading the bill will go through the consideration of amendments. This is where the
house of lords makes any changes to the bill, then the bill has to go back to the house of commons
so they can approve it before it goes to the queen. However, if both houses cannot come to any
agreement, the house of commons will get the say, because they have more power than the house of
lords. Finally, the last stage is Royal Assent, where the crown formally assents to the bill in order for
it to become a law.
Orders in council are used for a range of different reasons for example transferring obligations
between government departments. The Queen and the privy council have authority to make orders
in council that affect the whole country. This way it doesn't have to go through government. The
privy council are a group of senior politicians. An example of this was the petrol strike in 2000.
This was when there was a fast moving protest about the price of petrol and deasil, this cause a panic
to the community about buying petrol from stations, so they tried to preserve fuel

Families of Law Essay
Law and Society Families of Law Unit 3– Written Assignment Tami Daniels 03/28/2011 Unit 3
Essay– Part Two Name of Country: Great Britain Family of law followed: Common law How
disputes are settled: Litigation, Arbitration, and Mediation How cases are handled: Adversary
system; case law takes precedence In this section, discuss the following: How would your friend's
theft be dealt with under the law in this country? In Great Britain, the Theft Act of 1968 is an Act
of the Parliament of the UK. It governs most of the general property offenses in English law. Theft
is defined as a person shall be guilty of theft if he dishonestly appropriates property belonging to
another with the...show more content...
A decision will be drawn from here. This process is characteristic of the inquisitorial model. In a
case of theft, such as petty theft, it is considered a misdemeanor and under civil law it would
involve investigation by civil servants called procurators (Law and Society, p 57). The case would
be tried under civil law and a defendant in civil litigation is never incarcerated and never executed.
A losing defendant in a civil litigation is only expected to reimburse the plaintiff for the goods
stolen. Punitive damages are usually never awarded unless the defendant had malicious intent or
gross negligence. If damages are awarded and the defendant does not have assets or insurance, the
plaintiff will receive nothing even though the court awarded monetary damages (http:/
/www.rbs2.com/cc.htm). Identify any other factors for consideration. Would the fact that your
friend is female impact her treatment under the law in this country? In France, the fact that she is a
female would not have an impact on the outcome of her crime. The same process would apply
whether she is female or male. In civil law, the wrongdoer is not punished; he only suffers so much
harm as is necessary to make good the wrong he or she has done (http://www.rbs2.com/cc.htm). The
criminal label you would have imposed upon you seems to be suffering enough, for most, under civil
law. When

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