Situation overview QOLLOJI - IDP Qolloji is the biggest and the most populated camp for the enumerated internally displaced people in the Somali regional state, located in the east of Ethiopia. The IDP camp hosts 94,461 people (14,554 HHS within the two camps of Qolloji-I (5493 House Holds) and Qolliji-II (9061 HHs), mostly are Somali ethnic community and evacuated from the adjacent Oromia region. New families arrive every day, but many of them had been here for over a year. Hence, Qolliji- IDP populationally represents 67.5% out of the total displaced population regionally recognized as IDPs (whether they are conflict-induced or drought derived IDPs1). Qolloji, located geographically in Babille woreda(district) of FAFAN zone. Hence, Qolloji IDP population, which normally huge people inhabited in small and mountainous areas of the district (Babille).populationally, the Qolloji IDP comparably represents 86.74% of the host community that means the population of the IDP and population of the hosted woreda/district are more or nearly the same as the (population of Babile EFY 2012 were estimated to 109,1062) host district (Babile-woreda).

1. Assessment of Qolloji - Internal displaced population
Services Delivery Status in the last three years from 2017
up to 2019.
Farah Nafis 12/30/19
Qolloji- field report, Fafan Zone,
Somali Region, Ethiopia

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December 2019.
Somali Regional State, Bureau of health
Authored by: Farah Nafis
Abdihakin Mohammed
Adem Abdi
Abdinasir Mohamed
Contents
QOLLOJI - IDP...........................................................................................................2
Objective of the field Assessment ...........................................................................2
WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE ...........................................................2
Health and Nutrition Service Status.......................................................................5
Conclusion..............................................................................................................8
Recommendation ....................................................................................................1
ACRONYMS
IDP = internal Displaced Population
SRHB = Somali regional health Bureau
SRS-WB = Somali regional state water Bureau.
HH = house holds

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Situation overview
QOLLOJI - IDP
Qolloji is the biggest and the most populated camp for the enumerated internally displaced people in the
Somali regional state, located in the east of Ethiopia. The IDP camp hosts 94,461 people (14,554 HHS within
the two camps of Qolloji-I (5493 House Holds) and Qolliji-II (9061 HHs), mostly are Somali ethnic
community and evacuated from the adjacent Oromia region. New families arrive every day, but many of them
had been here for over a year. Hence, Qolliji- IDP populationally represents 67.5% out of the total displaced
population regionally recognized as IDPs (whether they are conflict-induced or drought derived IDPs1
).
Qolloji, located geographically in Babille woreda(district) of FAFAN zone. Hence, Qolloji IDP population,
which normally huge people inhabited in small and mountainous areas of the district (Babille).populationally,
the Qolloji IDP comparably represents 86.74% of the host community that means the population of the IDP
and population of the hosted woreda/district are more or nearly the same as the (population of Babile EFY
2012 were estimated to 109,1062
) host district (Babile-woreda).
Objective of the field Assessment
To Assess Qolloji - Internal displacement population Services Delivery Status in the
last three years from 2017 up to 2019.
WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) are prerequisites to human health and development since clean water
is essential for human daily living especially for drinking water. however, living in displaced areas or slums
(IDPs), are also counter effects. Fortunately, the continuation of essential service depends on the availability
of safe water and getting of constant hygiene services. Reasonably, Water and sanitation are among the most
urgent needs in these two camps. The United Nation's agency IOM (International Organization for
1 NATIONAL DISPLACEMENT REPORT, ETHIOPIA ROUND 18: JULY — AUGUST 2019
2 Ethiopia Fiscal Year 2012/2019 Woreda Based Health Sector Plan- woreda/district estimated population.

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Migration)3
, financed by EU Humanitarian Aid, has built latrines with showers and possibly creating hygiene
awareness in Somali regional IDPs especially in Qolloji-IDP. However, these occasional supports can’t
properly handle the utterly needed support by the people living in the IDPs. From this time, continuation of
resources, construction of extra pit latrines and distribution of hygiene kits in Qolloji camps are the absolute
long-lasting solution, due to a lot of desirable gaps based on the huge population settling over the packed
small areas of Qolli environs and these areas were not properly master-planned, but it is just like drops of
stones.
Water provision to these two camps in Qolloji was not something currently enough to these two IDPs
population-based on the required amounts of water consumption litter per person in the time of emergency
IDPs needs priority standardization approach which normally recommends( Survival drinking, basic
hygiene practices, and basic cooking need added up 7.5 up to 15-liter person4
).However, the minimum
quantity of consumption water needed to be based on the WHO standard is ( 661.227 - 1419.615-meter cube
per person). Honestly, these two camps never got enough safe drinkable water, because of only 5 trucks
brought and distribute water to IDPs Qolloji-I (2 water truckers) and Qolloji-II (3 water trucks). mostly, these
trucks are on-off style but not daily delivered water and distribute to IDPs.
Teams from RHB starts to assess the types of water storage serving in the IDPs. During the assessment, teams
come across 17 and 24 ROTOS in Qolloji-I & Qolloji-II respectively holding capacity of 10,000 litter per
each, but all these 24 out of 41 large water storages were out of service due to unproperly installed in a place
where every person can hurt them. Mostly, these large storages (ROTOS) were procured by the SRS-water
bureau and partners supporting IDPs. Children are got to play these sorts of storage and made them abandoned
tanks. During the different emergency support over the years to Qolloi IDP, water reservoirs were constructed
withholding 90 miter cube each. Qolloji- I (2 reservoir -90meter cube and all properly serving) were as
Qolloji-II (2 reservoir – 90-meter cube each one is functional, and others are under construction).
s/n IDP location Community
water points
Government
water points
type of water storage
tank
1 Qolloji-IDP-I 20 0 barrel and jerrycans
2 Qolloji-IDP-II 24 0 barrel and jerrycans
3 FLOW MONITORING DASHBOARD – ETHIOPIA, November 2019
4
Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene In Emergencies

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s/n IDP location # Rotos/Tanks # FN-
ROTOS
# NF-
ROTOS
Reason not functional
1 Qolloji-IDP-I 17 9 16 Lack of tank fence
2 Qolloji-IDP-II 19 4 15 Lack of tank fence
Figure 1: types of water storage tanks installed and their functionality
Water points with standing tap pipes composed of (10 water points) also installed in the Qolloji- IDP but 8 of
them are serving other reaming 2 water points are unfunctional. Qolloji kebele leaders report us the NRC
partner takes responsibility to maintain and put normal serving water points of these two unfunctional water
points, but NRC not yet functionalized it just verbally promised for fixing of water points. Since all reservoirs
whether they’re ROTOs and water points are out of service due to a lot of problems, people of the two IDPs
were taking a life coping saving mechanism to procure normal barrel or jerrycans for water holding storages
when water truckers arrive, and these are almost 20 sites for Qolloji-I and 24 sites for Qolloji-II. Every day
waiting for water truckers that forced them a fearsome crisis mainly caused by the lack of getting a constant
quantity of water.
Figure 2:The number of latrines constructed in the -IDP and their functionality
Qolloji-IDP, from the beginning of dropping displaced IDPs, 75 blocks of emergency latrines were
constructed throughout the years of settled IDP community. Nevertheless, these 75 blocks (35 blocks
constructed in Qolliji-IDP-I & 40 other blocks were also constructed in Qolliji-IDP-II). Hence, the 75 blocks
62 are serving properly were as the remaining 13 blocks are overfilled and were not yet emptied or dislodged.
pit latrines were not emptied periodically and some of the pit latrines are collapsed due to lack of lining tick
materials for preventing internal soil impending. Based on the standard for the refugee or IDPs, existing
constructed Emergency latrines could not end the need for father latrines. However, 75 blocks of pit latrines,
cannot grasps or make enough service to a population of 94,61 person or (14,554 HHs). In public or displaced
people, the Minimum numbers of toilets (1 toilet to 50 individuals; 3:1 female to male) at public places,
S/N IDP-site # latrine #Functional #Nonfunctional Remark
1 Qolloji IDP-I 35 30 5 Latrine full
2 qolloji IDP-II 40 32 8 latrine fullness
Total 75 62 13 Full latrines

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institutions, and displaced people should have adequate, appropriate and acceptable toilet facilities5
.
Hopefully, Qollij-needs number of extra latrines (possible needed number of latrines are ultimately 1818)
which possible to be increased in number to the existing latrine blocks which were 75 blocks to serving to
entire IDP population (94,641) living inside the IDP.
Health and Nutrition Service Status
On the time of resettling of the IDP(Qolloji) displaced from the OROMAI REGION, Somali regional health
bureau assigned on health emergency teams for the management of basic human health service requirements.
Teams composed of health professional were deployed soonest the IDP brought to Qolloji to manage the
propagating diseases and any other the cases that can disperse inside the IDP especially children, pregnant
and lactating women. Here tabular data represent for the last three consecutive years of aggregated data of
IDP health consultation reports6
. Compressional, the number of caseloads admitted or indirectly received
health services were 125,625 cases and if it compared to the total population of the IDP dwelled it almost or
nearly accounts for 132.73% of the IDPs were treated on these consecutive three years (2017-2019).
Table 1: Aggregated Qolloji-IDP Health consultation in the last three years (2017-2019).
Throughout the three consecutive years (2017-2019), data categorically emboldened the highest type of
threat or disease that are enlisted as the highest impacts, in terms of their enormity. However, the highest
intermittent of disease were pneumonia, diathermia, urinary Tract infection, skin diseases, anemia, etc. here
below is the graphical data that represents of the highest caseloads admitted or treated as outpatient
throughout of the three years (2017-2019).
Consultation
`
Women
(5y+)
Children
under-5
Other
consults
Total
consults
# of
Reports(s)
2017 14,215 15,757 11,578 41,550 16
2018 21,529 8,842 11,379 41750 22
2019 16,191 15,072 11,062 42325 19
Total 51,935 39,671 34,019 125625 57
5
Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response
6
SRH-IDP Data consolidation report

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Figure 3: Top ten disease admitted or treated as an outpatient on the last three years (2017-2019)
Qolloji-IDP not only focused on cases on the patient but also nutritional project was along with huge effort
of minimizing of health impacts by caring children under the age five years old and pregnant and lactating
mothers which nationally targeted as the most vulnerable group based on the service they needed. Hence,
teams had scheduled monthly support to this vulnerable groups of the IDP which normally reported by end t
of every month. Teams daily had case load screening before admitted to earl detect any child or PLW
(pregnant and lactating women) that has criteria of admission under the nutritional program. visually, figure-
3 tabulates case admitted under the nutrition program along case improvements rate during the three
consecutive years (2017-2019).
OTP admissions, MUAC screening
Years proxy SAM (u5) proxy MAM (u5) OTP Admissions
2017 14.4% 30.1% 1,207
2018 9.1% 22.8% 1,262
2019 10.2% 18.0% 1,475
Total 10.8% 22.7% 3,944
OTP Management
Years New Admission Cure Rate % Defaulter Rate %
Transferee
Rate %
Death
Rate %
2017 1,207 82% 5.1% 11.8% 1.1%
2018 1,262 92% 3.9% 4.5% 0.0%
2019 1,475 86% 8.3% 5.6% 0.0%
Total 3,944 87% 5.8% 7.1% 0.3%
PLW Screening
Years
Total # of PLW
screened
PLW screened with MUAC >23
PLW screened with MUAC
<23
2017 9,307 5,273 4,034
2018 51,216 41,161 10,055
2019 36,216 26,400 9,816
Total 96,739 72,834 23,905
Table 2:Aggregated number cases admitted (OTP-service) or received nutritional treatment during the last three years (2017-291)
- 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000
ARI/Pneumonia
UTIs
Anemia
Conjunctivitis
FUO (RDT Neg)
Malaria
Others
Qolloji-IDP main morbidity(Top-ten disases) reproted from 2017 -
2019
2019 2018 2017

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Qolli-IDP during these 2017 up to 2019 there had been a lot of cases referred to near health cent or referral
hospital in Jigjiga city. Fortunately, teams referred a number case based on the severity case classification
approach then admitted to EL-bahay Health center or Jigjiga Referral Hospital(mostly). On these three
years 1,375 cases were referred from Qollij-IDP, 441 of the total case referred were children under the age
five years old and were as the remaining 594 case are women of any age (above 5 years)
Table 3:Number cases referred to from Qollo-IDP to other health facilities from the year of 2017 up to 2019
Qolloji-IDP not only were health or nutrition services existed but there were prevention services such as
Expanded Program on Immunization distribution water chemicals. Teams were serving different programs
under the same adjacent place were all the services together running whether it is nutrition, health
consultation, WASH, health education or EPI (immunization service). Throughout the last three years (2017-
2019), teams were immunized 64.4% of the under-five children screened or under the programs with the anti-
gens of BCG, Penta-1, Penta-2, Penta-3 and measles anti-gens. Pictorially, here table below describes all the
progress of the number of children immunized all over the three years.
EPI (Immunization service)
Years EPI Provided BCG Penta 1 Penta 3
Measles (0-
11m)
Fully
vaccinated
Reports
2017 12.5% 31 314 2 110 -
16
2018 86.4% 330 636 396 28,286 233
22
2019 84.2% 749 1,093 579 1,877 281
19
Grand Total 64.9% 1,110 2,043 977 30,273 514
57
Table 4: Number of children immunized during the three consecutive health services run by SRHB 2017 up to 2019
Were as the burden of teams were undeniable teams continually increased the capability of reaching every
sector or every gap that case pronounced when they serving and weekly or monthly analysis most needs of
the IDP then teams start health education covering what is possible to be need or a strategy that can promote
declination of communicable diseases which most likely to happen inside the IDP ( cholera outbreak ). Teams
count all the sessions that that were given to IDP participants during health consultation or inside the environs
of the IDP by using short massages that can easily be understood by a layman or posting banners off all having
Referrals
Year
Total Cases
Referred
Under 5
Children
Women
(5y+)
Other
Referred
2017 254 130 74 50
2018 668 147 336 185
2019 453 164 184 105
Grand
Total
1,375 441 594 340

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health signs or focusing prevention stages. Fortunately, teams were health educated to 104,958 participants
based on the consolidated and comprehensibly combined on this below table.
Table 5: Number of participants provided to health education sessions from the three years (2017-2019 – Aggregated data)
Conclusion
Based on the running different services in Qolloji IDP, quintessentially it looks like a kind of life spoon-
feeding approach no other solution wished-for the settling population in the makeshift. However, Qolloji-ID
is a place where the number of inhibitors is more populated than the hosted community. This induced
makeshift needs special consideration in terms of providing extra services and it should be considered as
emergency prone areas. purposely, it is a counter effect to be standardized all essential services such as proper
continuation of drinking water, distribution of water chemicals, distribution of extra non-food items,
distribution of hygiene kits, excavating of large waste management landfills, extending the number of schools
established (building enough schools), establishing playing pitches(stadiums) for the IDP children, and
increasing the number of lined pit latrines for the IDP.qolloji-IDP based on the massive population it needs
to be master-planned as normal urban planning because of currently setting up can promote or aggravate
hazards, deprived and unfriendly workability environment. Regionally, partners mostly implementing
WASH, health or Nutrition services Should be embedded to the IDPs to support gaps identified and
interestingly it is conducive environments to habituate services of any interested partners.
Health Education
Years HEs held
Participants
Female
Participants
Male
2017 409 42,528 25,594
2018 603 40,405 19,150
2019 333 22,025 10,370
Grand
Total
1345 104,958 55,114

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Recommendation
Proposed recommendations based on the finding gaps during the assessments of Qolloji- IDPs.
S/N Major gap findings Urgent action Proposed due date
from (2020-22)
Accountable
1 Observed -Shortage of the number existing
pit latrines in Qolloji-IDP
Construction of extra emergency 1818 lined
pit latrines
Prioritizing risk areas to
minimize open defecation
and decrease number of
latrines waiting.
RHB/Partners/
RHB-PHEM& WaSH
2 Observed- Lack of dislodged pit
latrine/unfunctional due to full of latrine and
needs to be dislodged out instantly.
Dislodging full latrine before they contaminate
soil than to the community (IDP)
ASP SRHB/DPPB/RHB
3 Observed- Absence of enough of hygiene kit
(including soaps) and dust collecting bins.
Distribution enough quantity of soaps and
hygiene kits should be delivered to IDP before
scabies broke out
ASP
SRS-WB/RHB/partners
4 Observed- Absence of proper sanitation
management land disposal established in
Qoilloji-IDP
Sanitation disposal or waste management
epicenter should be excavated for the IDP for
the handling of types of waste
ASP SRHB/DPPB/RHB
5 Observed. Shortage of water storage tanks
due to leakage or lack of probable functional
tanks.
Water tanks such as large ROTOS should be
installed to IDP due to the high population of
the IDP.
Quarterly (2020 -2022)
implementing extra water
tanks is reasonable and
should be placed in
different areas near to IDP
dwells.
SRS-WB/RHB/partners
RHB-PHEM section

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6 Observed - Absence of treated drinking water
(Absence of residual chlorine available on
IDP drinking water)
Drinking shouldn’t be distributed or delivered
to IDP. Water should be treated based on the
standard water safety procedure.
Establish constant treating
reservoirs after pumped
water and feeding chlorine
residual solution to avail
safety drinking water.
SRS-WB/partners
7 Observed- A dysfunctional number of water
tanks (ROTOS) due to unsuitable installation
(lack offense).
Water tanks such fragile ROTOs should be
fixed and put a fence wall not allowing
children to hurt Water storage types.
ASP SRHB/SR-
WB/DPPB/Partners
8 Observed- Newly installed 10 water points
not yet maintained by NRC as promised to
maintain 2 of water points not functioning
due to some technical problems
Unfunctional Water points should be fixed
before the water trucks distribute water
ASP NRC
9 Observed- Scarcity or not enough medical
supplies such as MCH delivery kits due to the
high number of pregnant mothers
Enough medical supplies should be avail
constantly in the IDP clinic due to the high
rate of pregnant mothers.
ASP SRHB/DPPB/RHB
10 Proposed- Interested partners or stakeholders
should be allowed to support IDP.
Partners working health, WASH & Nutrition
should be advocated to technically support
IDP.
ASP SRHB/DPPB/RHB
RHB-planning section
11 Observed- delayed of finishing of the Health
center construction for the IDP.
Due to high over follow of cases/patients to a
limited number of existing working sites it is
better to be finished health center soonest
discussed
ASP SRHB
RHB-Curative section
12 Observed- the absence of proper storages for
the supplies in the IDP were teams working
(health clinic) it is enough and proper of
handling supplies.
Propper storage for the medical supplies other
supplies should be installed in the IDP and
existing storages should be fixed or maintained
and extended for holding supplies.
ASP SRHB
RHB-PHEM section
13 Observed- the absence of playing pitches or
entertainments for the shiftless children.
IDP children needs entertainment sites such as
pitches.
ASP SRS-EB

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Community water points
Cracked tanks
Qolloji-IDP 2019. @farahnafis
Qolloji-IDP Photo Album in the year of 2019 @farahnafis