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The	
  genre	
  I	
  chose	
  for	
  my	
  magazine	
  was	
  fitness.	
  This	
  genre	
  has	
  very	
  clear	
  key	
  codes	
  and	
  
conven8ons.	
  	
  	
  
•  The	
  vast	
  majority	
  of	
  the	
  main	
  images	
  
featuring	
  in	
  the	
  front	
  covers	
  are	
  men,	
  and	
  
have	
  the	
  upper	
  part	
  of	
  their	
  bodies	
  
uncovered.	
  
This	
  conven8on	
  is	
  highly	
  important	
  for	
  a	
  
magazine	
  to	
  be	
  successful	
  within	
  this	
  
genre,	
  because	
  an	
  effec3ve	
  main	
  image	
  is	
  
one	
  of	
  the	
  key	
  elements	
  of	
  appeal.	
  The	
  
results	
  of	
  the	
  magazine’s	
  8ps	
  and	
  advice	
  
are	
  meant	
  to	
  take	
  a	
  shape	
  in	
  the	
  featuring	
  
model,	
  they	
  need	
  to	
  be	
  as	
  good	
  as	
  
possible.	
  Moreover,	
  the	
  reader	
  uses	
  them	
  
as	
  a	
  source	
  of	
  inspira8on;	
  they	
  need	
  to	
  
act	
  as	
  the	
  perfect	
  example	
  for	
  them	
  as	
  
well.	
  
•  All	
  the	
  models	
  featuring	
  as	
  main	
  image	
  in	
  
the	
  front	
  covers	
  are	
  establishing	
  a	
  direct	
  
mode	
  of	
  address	
  with	
  the	
  reader	
  by	
  
looking	
  at	
  them	
  directly	
  	
  in	
  the	
  eyes.	
  
Some8mes	
  this	
  mode	
  of	
  address	
  does	
  not	
  
take	
  a	
  friendly,	
  invi8ng	
  way,	
  but	
  a	
  more	
  
defying,	
  in8mida8ng	
  and	
  almost	
  menacing	
  
one.	
  	
  
•  In	
  terms	
  of	
  sell	
  lines,	
  they	
  all	
  follow	
  a	
  similar	
  
paEern:	
  8ps	
  and	
  advice	
  on	
  how	
  to	
  become	
  or	
  keep	
  
on	
  being	
  fit.	
  Each	
  magazine	
  then	
  presents	
  these	
  in	
  
their	
  own	
  way	
  (“best	
  gyms	
  to…”,	
  “how	
  to	
  get	
  a	
  six	
  
pack”,	
  “25	
  super	
  foods	
  for	
  men”…)	
  and	
  can	
  
combine	
  them	
  with	
  other	
  sell	
  lines	
  from	
  a	
  different	
  
genre,	
  usually	
  to	
  do	
  with	
  sex.	
  
•  The	
  use	
  of	
  common,	
  conven3onal	
  models	
  and	
  celebri3es	
  as	
  main	
  images	
  varies	
  
depending	
  on	
  the	
  magazine.	
  Generally	
  there	
  is	
  quite	
  an	
  even	
  variance.	
  Firstly	
  to	
  
provide	
  with	
  realism	
  when	
  they	
  use	
  a	
  normal	
  model,	
  so	
  the	
  target	
  audience	
  thinks	
  
they	
  themselves	
  are	
  able	
  to	
  achieve	
  such	
  results.	
  In	
  the	
  second	
  place,	
  to	
  provide	
  
with	
  a	
  source	
  of	
  inspira3on	
  when	
  they	
  use	
  a	
  celebrity	
  which	
  the	
  target	
  audience	
  
con8nually	
  encounters	
  in	
  the	
  media	
  and	
  admires,	
  wishes	
  to	
  be	
  like	
  him.	
  
•  Another	
  very	
  important	
  conven8on	
  to	
  point	
  out	
  is	
  the	
  fact	
  that	
  the	
  3tles	
  of	
  the	
  
magazines	
  convey	
  the	
  genre	
  straight	
  away	
  by	
  including	
  directly	
  the	
  specific	
  word	
  which	
  
stands	
  for	
  it	
  (“fitness”)	
  or	
  others	
  within	
  its	
  seman8c	
  field.	
  
	
  
•  In	
  addi8on	
  we	
  can	
  appreciate	
  that	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  8tles	
  in	
  fitness	
  magazines	
  are	
  
spelled	
  in	
  a	
  vivid	
  red	
  font,	
  conno8ng	
  passion,	
  strength	
  and	
  power,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  
sensuality.	
  These	
  connota8ons	
  match	
  perfectly	
  the	
  genre	
  and	
  portray	
  the	
  
target	
  audience’s	
  needs	
  and	
  wants.	
  Red	
  is	
  also	
  the	
  colour	
  most	
  highly	
  
associated	
  with	
  people	
  making	
  quick	
  decisions,	
  e.g.	
  buying	
  a	
  magazine.	
  	
  
•  Magazines	
  within	
  the	
  fitness	
  genre	
  have	
  a	
  more	
  organised	
  and	
  
simple	
  layout	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  front	
  cover.	
  7	
  sell	
  lines	
  and	
  a	
  main	
  sell	
  line	
  
is	
  usually	
  as	
  overwhelmed	
  as	
  one	
  can	
  get	
  and	
  very	
  rarely	
  including	
  
secondary	
  images	
  form	
  in-­‐featuring	
  ar8cles.	
  Addi8onally,	
  the	
  
inclusion	
  of	
  puffs	
  or	
  banners	
  is	
  not	
  very	
  common	
  either.	
  On	
  the	
  
other	
  hand	
  there	
  is	
  a	
  greater	
  presence	
  of	
  boxed	
  texts.	
  
Overall	
  fitness	
  magazines	
  tend	
  to	
  be	
  simple	
  but	
  sophis3cated	
  at	
  the	
  same	
  8me.	
  Not	
  very	
  
saturated	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  layout	
  as	
  to	
  front	
  cover,	
  to	
  let	
  the	
  main	
  image,	
  which	
  is	
  the	
  source	
  
of	
  inspira8on,	
  seduce	
  the	
  reader.	
  The	
  use	
  of	
  a	
  direct	
  mode	
  of	
  address	
  is	
  vital	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  
appeal	
  to	
  the	
  reader’s	
  wants	
  and	
  needs	
  successfully,	
  both	
  in	
  the	
  language	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  visual	
  
treatment,	
  therefore	
  it	
  is	
  always	
  present.	
  The	
  colour	
  scheme	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  8me	
  follows	
  a	
  
specific	
  pa;ern,	
  for	
  the	
  magazine	
  to	
  build	
  up	
  and	
  maintain	
  a	
  brand	
  iden8ty,	
  and	
  
differen8ate	
  from	
  its	
  close	
  compe8tors.	
  Although	
  some8mes	
  this	
  paEern	
  can	
  be	
  broken	
  
for	
  special	
  edi8ons	
  or	
  “bonus	
  issues”	
  to	
  achieve	
  a	
  greater	
  aEen8on	
  from	
  the	
  reader	
  and	
  
become	
  their	
  choice.	
  Adverts	
  of	
  trainers	
  and	
  such	
  fitness/sports	
  related	
  products	
  are	
  very	
  
common	
  within	
  the	
  magazines	
  from	
  the	
  genre.	
  We	
  can	
  also	
  find	
  car	
  and	
  watches	
  adverts	
  
in	
  those	
  aimed	
  at	
  an	
  older	
  and	
  wealthier	
  target	
  audience	
  (with	
  higher	
  disposable	
  income).	
  
However	
  most	
  of	
  them	
  are	
  aimed	
  at	
  middle	
  disposable	
  income	
  25-­‐50	
  year	
  old	
  men.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  u3lity	
  all	
  fitness	
  magazines	
  provide	
  the	
  reader	
  with	
  is	
  very	
  similar.	
  They	
  are	
  their	
  
guide	
  to	
  keep	
  on	
  being	
  fit	
  and	
  achieve	
  a	
  nice,	
  sculpted	
  figure.	
  Each	
  magazine	
  then	
  shapes	
  
this	
  in	
  their	
  own	
  way	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  the	
  content	
  they	
  feature	
  and	
  how	
  they	
  feature	
  it	
  to	
  
achieve	
  their	
  personal	
  goals.	
  
	
  

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Codes and Conventions - Fitness & Lifestyle

  • 1.
  • 2. The  genre  I  chose  for  my  magazine  was  fitness.  This  genre  has  very  clear  key  codes  and   conven8ons.       •  The  vast  majority  of  the  main  images   featuring  in  the  front  covers  are  men,  and   have  the  upper  part  of  their  bodies   uncovered.   This  conven8on  is  highly  important  for  a   magazine  to  be  successful  within  this   genre,  because  an  effec3ve  main  image  is   one  of  the  key  elements  of  appeal.  The   results  of  the  magazine’s  8ps  and  advice   are  meant  to  take  a  shape  in  the  featuring   model,  they  need  to  be  as  good  as   possible.  Moreover,  the  reader  uses  them   as  a  source  of  inspira8on;  they  need  to   act  as  the  perfect  example  for  them  as   well.   •  All  the  models  featuring  as  main  image  in   the  front  covers  are  establishing  a  direct   mode  of  address  with  the  reader  by   looking  at  them  directly    in  the  eyes.   Some8mes  this  mode  of  address  does  not   take  a  friendly,  invi8ng  way,  but  a  more   defying,  in8mida8ng  and  almost  menacing   one.    
  • 3. •  In  terms  of  sell  lines,  they  all  follow  a  similar   paEern:  8ps  and  advice  on  how  to  become  or  keep   on  being  fit.  Each  magazine  then  presents  these  in   their  own  way  (“best  gyms  to…”,  “how  to  get  a  six   pack”,  “25  super  foods  for  men”…)  and  can   combine  them  with  other  sell  lines  from  a  different   genre,  usually  to  do  with  sex.   •  The  use  of  common,  conven3onal  models  and  celebri3es  as  main  images  varies   depending  on  the  magazine.  Generally  there  is  quite  an  even  variance.  Firstly  to   provide  with  realism  when  they  use  a  normal  model,  so  the  target  audience  thinks   they  themselves  are  able  to  achieve  such  results.  In  the  second  place,  to  provide   with  a  source  of  inspira3on  when  they  use  a  celebrity  which  the  target  audience   con8nually  encounters  in  the  media  and  admires,  wishes  to  be  like  him.  
  • 4. •  Another  very  important  conven8on  to  point  out  is  the  fact  that  the  3tles  of  the   magazines  convey  the  genre  straight  away  by  including  directly  the  specific  word  which   stands  for  it  (“fitness”)  or  others  within  its  seman8c  field.     •  In  addi8on  we  can  appreciate  that  most  of  the  8tles  in  fitness  magazines  are   spelled  in  a  vivid  red  font,  conno8ng  passion,  strength  and  power,  as  well  as   sensuality.  These  connota8ons  match  perfectly  the  genre  and  portray  the   target  audience’s  needs  and  wants.  Red  is  also  the  colour  most  highly   associated  with  people  making  quick  decisions,  e.g.  buying  a  magazine.     •  Magazines  within  the  fitness  genre  have  a  more  organised  and   simple  layout  in  terms  of  front  cover.  7  sell  lines  and  a  main  sell  line   is  usually  as  overwhelmed  as  one  can  get  and  very  rarely  including   secondary  images  form  in-­‐featuring  ar8cles.  Addi8onally,  the   inclusion  of  puffs  or  banners  is  not  very  common  either.  On  the   other  hand  there  is  a  greater  presence  of  boxed  texts.  
  • 5. Overall  fitness  magazines  tend  to  be  simple  but  sophis3cated  at  the  same  8me.  Not  very   saturated  in  terms  of  layout  as  to  front  cover,  to  let  the  main  image,  which  is  the  source   of  inspira8on,  seduce  the  reader.  The  use  of  a  direct  mode  of  address  is  vital  in  order  to   appeal  to  the  reader’s  wants  and  needs  successfully,  both  in  the  language  and  in  the  visual   treatment,  therefore  it  is  always  present.  The  colour  scheme  most  of  the  8me  follows  a   specific  pa;ern,  for  the  magazine  to  build  up  and  maintain  a  brand  iden8ty,  and   differen8ate  from  its  close  compe8tors.  Although  some8mes  this  paEern  can  be  broken   for  special  edi8ons  or  “bonus  issues”  to  achieve  a  greater  aEen8on  from  the  reader  and   become  their  choice.  Adverts  of  trainers  and  such  fitness/sports  related  products  are  very   common  within  the  magazines  from  the  genre.  We  can  also  find  car  and  watches  adverts   in  those  aimed  at  an  older  and  wealthier  target  audience  (with  higher  disposable  income).   However  most  of  them  are  aimed  at  middle  disposable  income  25-­‐50  year  old  men.       The  u3lity  all  fitness  magazines  provide  the  reader  with  is  very  similar.  They  are  their   guide  to  keep  on  being  fit  and  achieve  a  nice,  sculpted  figure.  Each  magazine  then  shapes   this  in  their  own  way  in  terms  of  the  content  they  feature  and  how  they  feature  it  to   achieve  their  personal  goals.