1. Collaborative Value Creation:
A Review of Partnering Between
Nonprofits and Businesses
Presented By:
Dr. Sounak Mitra, Anoop Mishra, Suvrojit Choudhury

2. Purpose and Contents
This focused review of the nonprofit-business collaboration literature
develops a conceptual and analytical framework that addresses the
following research question:
How can collaboration between nonprofit and businesses most
effectively
Co-create
significant
economics,
social,
and
environmental value for society, organizations and individuals ?
In the first articles, there are two CVC component :
1. CVC Component 1- Value Creation Component:
Fore source of value:
1. Resource Complementarity
2. Resource Nature
3. Resource directionality
4. Linked interest
Fore types of value:
1. Associational value
2. Transferred resource value
3. Interaction value
4. Synergistic value

3. 2. CVC Component 2 - Collaboration Stages:
Value creation is a dynamic process that changes as the relationship
between partners evolves. To describe and analyze the changing
nature of the collaboration relationship across the value spectrum.
We can examine value creation in each of the fore stages of the
collaboration continuum (CC):
1. Philanthropic Collaboration:
(The directionality of the resource flow is primarily unilateral)
2. Integrative Collaboration:
(The directionality of the resource flow is conjoined)
3. Transactional Collaboration:
(The directionality of the resource flow shifts from unilateral to
bilateral)
4. Transformational collaboration:
(Collaborative social entrepreneurship that “aims for value in the
form of large-scale, transformational benefit that accrues either to
a significant segment of society or to society at large”)

4. In the second articles, there are two CVC component :
1. CVC Component 3:
Partnership Process:
We first examine the value creation processes involved in the
partnership formation and selection phase and then analyze the
subsequent implementation phase in terms of collaboration
design, operations and institutionalization.
Partnership Formation: Organizational Fit
Initial articulation of the social problem
Identify linked interest & resources across partners and for social betterment
Identify partners' motives and missions
Identify the history of interactions & visibility
Identify Pre-partnership Champions

5. Partnership Selection:
Partnership selection for Co-Creation of Value
Assessing Partnership Potential
Developing Partnership Criteria
(assess operational Complementarity)
Risk Assessment Process
Formal Risk Assessment
Process
External Process
Collecting
Intelligence from
previous partners
Internal Process
Collecting Interaction
Intelligence Across
Partners
Informal Risk Assessment
Process
Internal Process
Open Dialogue among
Employees
Informal Meetings
Between NPO & BUS
Employees
External Process
Open Dialogue among
similar organizations within
sector
Collecting Intelligence
From Organizations
Outside Sector

6. Partnership Design and Operations:
Partnership Design & Operations
Experimentation
Organizational
Experimentation
Collective Experimentation
Adaptations
Organizational
Adaptations
Collective Adaptations
Operationalization
Gradual Stabilization Of Processes & Structures
Exit or Continuance Strategy

7. 2. CVC Component 4 : Collaboration Outcomes
Levels of
Outcomes
Benefits
Costs
1. Meso:
Associational value: Credibility & visibility, Increased
public awareness
Transferred asset value: Financial support, increase
of cash donation
Interaction value: Opportunity for learning,
development of unique capability
Synergistic value: Opportunity for innovation, sharing
leadership
Increased
management
cost,
Decrease in
donation,
Increase need
in skills
2. Micro:
Associational value: Managerial skills, leadership
opportunity, credibility
Transferred asset value: Acquire market intelligence,
competitiveness
Interaction value: Access to network, technical
expertise, improved relations
Synergistic value: Innovation & learning, increased
risk management
Increased
management
cost,
Increase need
in skills,
Decrease
credibility
3. Macro:
Increase disease/ illness awareness, reduce death
rates, increased life expectancy, reduce substance
abuse, improved health, improved social inclusion,
increased disposable income
Potential
accountability,
credibility, and
implementatio
n problems
Organizational
Nonprofit
organization
Individual
Nonprofit
organization
Societal
Individual
organization