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                1240100227-6
             Akihiro Shimizu
     (Takao Ohkawa Seminar)

                               1
研究の動機
  なぜ日本は高速鉄道の輸出が盛んではない

  のか?

  仮説:費用を軽減する戦略がライバルより
 2010年代から高速鉄道建設計画が盛んになった
     弱い
日本企業は通勤車両を多くの国に輸出
 しかし…高速鉄道建設や輸出は盛んではない
                            2
鉄道車両の世界市場シェア                    そ
        世界の鉄道車両の市場規模(%)
                                の
  中南米
                                他
   5%
                                2%

            日本
            10%

アジア・大洋州
   10%                  欧州42%


          北米
          10%

                  中国
                  21%


        出典:三菱重工                      3
高速鉄道の建設計画
 国名        内容          現状

ベトナム   ハノイ―ホーチミン間
       で新幹線方式での計画

インド    ニューデリーなどでの 調査入札は日本が一部
         高速鉄道計画   を獲得。その他は欧州
                    が受注獲得
アメリカ   カリフォルニアなど11   財政難により凍結
         の計画が存在

ブラジル   リオデジャネイロ―サ    入札の延期が発生
       ンパウロ間で計画・入
           札開始
                                4
日本の鉄道車両製造企業
 鉄道会社が製造企業を保有
 車両のみの製造がメイン

    東海旅客鉄道       東日本旅客鉄道




    日本車輌製造       総合車両製作所


                           5
海外の鉄道車両製造企業
 車両のみならず線路設備・信号システムも製造


      車両     信号システム

        鉄道車両製造
          企業

   線路・軌道       その他
                          6
世界の主なライバル企業
 Big3が世界シェアの50%を占める
  企業名      会社所在地       輸出先

ボンバルディ      カナダ        イタリア
  ア
 アルストム     フランス         韓国

 シーメンス      ドイツ         中国

                              7
高速鉄道輸出のリスク
 2種類のリスクが存在
     建設リスク     開業後のリスク
   建設の長期化による   収入が入らないこと
      費用増加     による運営会社の破
                  たん
    為替変動リスク    トラブル発生時の賠
                 償リスク
     許認可遅延


                           8
日欧のリスクへの対応
日本政府          欧州政府
       金融支援
   規格の国際化        規格の国際化
日本企業          欧州企業
  企業間の部分連携    企業買収による規模の経済
                   追及
  現地生産の推進       現地生産の推進
              新興国に合わせたコンサル
                  ティング

                             9
まとめ
 日本は規模の経済で欧州より弱い

→ 固定費用の削減が限定的

 規格の国際規格化で主導権がない

→ 自国にない規格の存在が日本の参入障壁に

 政府の支援・コンサルティング体制が脆弱



                        10
日本企業・政府の今後の戦
     略
          日本企業                 日本政府
     規模の経済の追及                  金融支援


 鉄道会社のノウハウを生                需要リスクを軽減させる
 かしたコンサルティング                 対策を輸入国に要求

 開業後の経営に関与しな
      い


Thank you for Listening!!
                                          11

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猿でもわかる高速鉄道輸出戦略完全版