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H pylori 3.pptx
1. 1
University of Sabratha
College of Pharmacy – AL Jamil
Subject: Microbiology 2
Subject lecturer: Dr. Osama Yossef
Entitled: “Helicobacter pylori”
BY:
Ahmed Muftah Salem Osama Mustafa
Abdaljalil
Hassan Saleh Tarom Sameh Dow Alydudi
2. List of Contents:
■ Objectives
■ Introduction
■ Important properties
■ Source and Transmission
■ Diagnosis
■ Diseases
■ Treatment
2
3. Objectives:
H. pylori has a great ability to resist destruction
by stomach acid.
Human GI tract is the only reservoir for H. pylori
H. pylori causing Chronic Gastritis and
Duodenal Peptic Ulcer .This ulceration is most
often chronic and recurrent and may lead to
complication such as bleeding, anemia, and
perforation
3
4. Introduction
4
Transmission occurs via
the fecal oral route.
H. pylori is a genus of
Gram-negative bacilli ,
bacteria in the
Enterobacteriaceae
family.
6. Source and Transmission
-
6
Transmission occurs via the
fecal oral route.
Human GI tract is the only
reservoir for H. pylori.
There is a direct relationship
between increased age and
increased likelihood of H. pylori
infection
8. Virulence factors
8
3- Flagella enables movement into and
within the protective mucus layer of the
stomach.
4- Urease enzyme generates ammonium
ions to buffer gastric acid; this enables
survival within the hostile acidic
environment.
9. 9
Diagnosis
One can test non invasively
for H. plori infection with
a blood antibody test, stool
antigen test.
Diagnosis of infection is
usually made by checking for
dyspeptic symptoms and by
tests which can indicate H.
pylori infection.
10. 10
Diagnosis
OR with the carbon urea breath test:
(in which the patient drinks 14C- or 13C-
which the bacterium metabolizes, producing labeled
carbon dioxide that can be detected in the breath).
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Diagnosis
However, the most reliable method for detecting H.
pylori infection is a biopsy check during
endoscopy with a rapid urease
test, histological examination, and microbial culture.
There is also a urine
ELISA test with a 96%
sensitivity and 79%
specificity.
12. Electron micrograph of Helicobacter pylori possessing
multiple flagella (negative staining). The spiral
morphology of Helicobacter pylori
12
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Diseases
Chronic Gastritis :
Symptoms: causes some nausea or
upper abdominal discomfort, but in
many cases the patient is
asymptomatic.
Duodenal Peptic Ulcer:
(H. pylori is No. 1 causative agent).
Symptoms: burning upper
abdominal pain; occurs 1-3 hours
after meals; pain is worse at night
but relieved by eating or use of
anti-acids.
14. This ulceration is most often chronic and recurrent and
may lead to complication such as bleeding, anemia,
and perforation.
14
Diseases
Carcinoma: occurs in the
setting of H. pylori
Gastric Peptic Ulcer: similar to
duodenal ulcer Gastric
17. 17
Treatment:
H. pylori infections are usually treated with at least two
different antibiotics at once. This helps prevent the bacteria
from developing a resistance to one particular antibiotic.
Treatment may also include medications
to help your stomach heal, including:
1) Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): These drugs stop acid from being
produced in the stomach. Some examples of PPIs are
omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole
(Prevacid) and pantoprazole (Protonix).
18. 18
Treatment:
H. pylori infections are usually treated with at least two
different antibiotics at once. This helps prevent the bacteria
from developing a resistance to one particular antibiotic.
Treatment may also include medications
to help your stomach heal, including:
2) Bismuth subsalicylate: More commonly known by the brand
name Pepto-Bismol, this drug works by coating the ulcer and
protecting it from stomach acid.
19. 19
Treatment:
H. pylori infections are usually treated with at least two
different antibiotics at once. This helps prevent the bacteria
from developing a resistance to one particular antibiotic.
Treatment may also include medications
to help your stomach heal, including:
3) Histamine (H-2) blockers : These medications block a
substance called histamine, which triggers acid production. One
example is cimetidine (Tagamet HB). H-2 blockers are only
prescribed for H. pylori infection if PPIs can't be used.
20. 20
Conclusion
■ H. pylori is a genus of Gram-negative bacilli , bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family.
■ Human GI tract is the only reservoir for H. pylori. -Transmission occurs via the fecal oral
route. Has Virulence factors: Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), H. pylori has a great ability
to resist destruction by stomach acid, Flagella , Urease enzyme generates ammonium
ions to buffer gastric acid; this enables survival within the hostile acidic environment.
One can test non invasively for H. plori infection with a blood antibody test, stool antigen
test the most reliable method for detecting H. pylori infection is a biopsy check during
endoscopy with a rapid urease test , histological examination, and microbial culture.
■ Chronic Gastritis ,Duodenal Peptic Ulcer, Gastric Peptic Ulcer: similar to duodenal ulcer
Gastric ,Carcinoma .treatment by Combination of the following Ranitidine (H2 blocker) +
Bismuth salts + Amoxycillin +Metronidazole.
21. 21
References
■ Medical Microbiology, edited by Jawetz,E., Brooks,G.F.; Carroll,K.C.;Butet,J.S.; Mores,S.A.and Mietzner,T.A.
2010. 25 th ed.
■ Medical Microbiology, edited by Jawetz,E., Brooks,G.F.; Butet,J.S and Mores,S.A. 2004. 23 th ed.
Internet access
: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
■ Discovery of 8-Hydroxyquinoline as a Histamine Receptor 2 Blocker Scaffold | ACS Synthetic Biology
■ H. Pylori Infection: How Do You Get, Causes, Symptoms, Tests & Treatment (clevelandclinic.org)
■ H. pylori Bacteria Infection: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention (webmd.com)
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