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‫کشاورزي‬ ‫توسعه‬ ‫خدمات‬
‫روستايي‬ ‫توسعه‬ ‫ارشد‬ ‫کارشناسي‬ ‫دانشجويان‬
) ‫جزوه‬4(
‫پناه‬ ‫دين‬ ‫غلمرضا‬ :‫مدرس‬
‫اسلمي‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫دانشگاه‬
‫تحقيقات‬ ‫و‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫واحد‬
‫پيوستگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫محاسبه‬
‫تعيين‬ ‫نه‬‫زمي‬ ‫در‬ ‫مفيدي‬ ‫هاي‬ ‫روش‬ ‫ستگي‬‫پيو‬ ‫و‬ ‫يي‬‫تمرکززدا‬ ،‫يي‬‫تمرکزگرا‬ ‫سبه‬‫محا‬
‫مي‬ ‫قه‬‫منط‬ ‫يک‬ ‫سکونتگاهي‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫خدمات‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫يت‬‫فعال‬ ‫يع‬‫توز‬ ‫و‬ ‫خش‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ميزان‬
.‫باشند‬
‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫يکسان‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫تکنيک‬ ‫اين‬
‫به‬ ‫گرايش‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫يا‬ ‫و‬ ‫شده‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫سرزمين‬ ‫پهنه‬ ‫در‬ ‫يا‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫يک‬ ‫مختلف‬
.‫طريق‬ ‫از‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫فضايي‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫تمرکز‬
.‫گيرد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫زير‬ ‫معادله‬
2
∑ −
=
YX
C
=C‫کارکرد‬‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬
=X‫منطقه‬‫زير‬ ‫يا‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫هر‬ ‫مساحت‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
=Y‫منطقه‬‫کارک‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫يا‬ ‫نواحي‬ ‫موقعيت‬ ‫از‬ ‫اي‬ ‫مقايسه‬ ‫تصويري‬ ‫محاسبه‬ ‫اين‬ ‫نتايج‬
.‫ميزان‬ ‫دهد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫ارائه‬ ‫همديگر‬ ‫به‬ ‫نسبت‬C‫و‬ ‫صفر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬ ‫تکنيک‬ ‫اين‬ ‫در‬100‫در‬
.‫ميزان‬ ‫هراندازه‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬C‫توزيع‬ ‫دهنده‬ ‫نشان‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫بالتر‬ ‫شده‬ ‫محاسبه‬
.‫است‬ ‫خاصي‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يا‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫آن‬ ‫شديد‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫يا‬ ‫نامناسب‬
‫تمرکز‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫تکنيک‬
:‫کرد‬ ‫محاسبه‬ ‫زير‬ ‫فرمول‬ ‫با‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫را‬ ‫خاصي‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬
=DQ‫توزيع‬‫ضريب‬
=Y‫ناحيه‬‫هر‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
=X‫ناحيه‬‫هر‬ ‫مساحت‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
‫نواحي‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يا‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحدهاي‬ ‫تراکم‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬ ‫نتايج‬
‫را‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫بالترين‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫بيشترين‬ ‫و‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫يک‬ ‫از‬ ‫بيشتر‬ ‫آنها‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫که‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬
.‫دهد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫نشان‬
)‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬ ‫تکنيک‬Techniques of Distribution Quotient(
X
Y
DQ =
‫ديگر‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫هر‬ ‫يا‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحدهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫مقايسه‬
‫از‬ ‫زمان‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ ‫آيا‬ ‫که‬ ‫دريافت‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫نيز‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫زماني‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫چند‬ ‫براي‬
‫يا‬ ‫و‬ ‫شود‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کاسته‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫نواحي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬
‫گردد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫تشديد‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫اينکه‬.
.‫به‬ ‫کرد‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫نيز‬ ‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫روش‬ ‫از‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کار‬ ‫اين‬ ‫براي‬
‫مقدار‬ ‫بايد‬ ‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫براي‬ ‫ديگر‬ ‫عبارت‬C‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫دوره‬
.‫کرد‬ ‫کم‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫دوره‬
=D‫تمرکززدايي‬‫سطح‬
=C1‫اول‬‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬
=C2‫دوم‬‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬
‫مقدار‬D‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬100-‫و‬100. +‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫بيانگر‬ ‫مثبت‬ ‫مقادير‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬ ‫در‬
‫تمرکز‬ ‫دهنده‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫منفي‬ ‫مقادير‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫کارکردهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫در‬
.‫باشد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫زمان‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ ‫بيشتر‬
‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سنجش‬
12 CCD −=
‫يک‬ ‫در‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫فعاليتهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫کارکردها‬ ‫بين‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫روش‬ ‫اين‬
‫واحدهاي‬ ،‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫همگرايي‬ ‫و‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫منطقه‬
.‫تواند‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کار‬ ‫اين‬ ‫کند‬ ‫مي‬ ‫جذب‬ ‫خود‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫به‬ ‫را‬ ‫خود‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫حوزه‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬
:‫گيرد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫ذيل‬ ‫فرمول‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬
=La‫مکاني‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫ميزان‬
=X‫ناحيه‬ ‫در‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
=Y‫ناحيه‬‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬
‫مقدار‬ ‫اينجا‬ ‫در‬La‫تا‬ ‫صفر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬100‫هرچقدر‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫بيشتر‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬ ‫در‬
‫ميزان‬La‫منطقه‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫دو‬ ‫بين‬ ‫بال‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫همگرايي‬ ‫بيانگر‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫بيشتر‬
.‫است‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬
)‫مکاني‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫تکنيک‬Techniques of Locational
association(
2
100
∑ −
−=
YX
La
خدمات توسعه کشاورزی
خدمات توسعه کشاورزی

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خدمات توسعه کشاورزی

  • 1. ‫کشاورزي‬ ‫توسعه‬ ‫خدمات‬ ‫روستايي‬ ‫توسعه‬ ‫ارشد‬ ‫کارشناسي‬ ‫دانشجويان‬ ) ‫جزوه‬4( ‫پناه‬ ‫دين‬ ‫غلمرضا‬ :‫مدرس‬ ‫اسلمي‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫دانشگاه‬ ‫تحقيقات‬ ‫و‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫واحد‬
  • 2. ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫محاسبه‬ ‫تعيين‬ ‫نه‬‫زمي‬ ‫در‬ ‫مفيدي‬ ‫هاي‬ ‫روش‬ ‫ستگي‬‫پيو‬ ‫و‬ ‫يي‬‫تمرکززدا‬ ،‫يي‬‫تمرکزگرا‬ ‫سبه‬‫محا‬ ‫مي‬ ‫قه‬‫منط‬ ‫يک‬ ‫سکونتگاهي‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫خدمات‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫يت‬‫فعال‬ ‫يع‬‫توز‬ ‫و‬ ‫خش‬ ‫پ‬ ‫ميزان‬ .‫باشند‬
  • 3. ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫يکسان‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫تکنيک‬ ‫اين‬ ‫به‬ ‫گرايش‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫يا‬ ‫و‬ ‫شده‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫سرزمين‬ ‫پهنه‬ ‫در‬ ‫يا‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫يک‬ ‫مختلف‬ .‫طريق‬ ‫از‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫فضايي‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫تمرکز‬ .‫گيرد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫زير‬ ‫معادله‬ 2 ∑ − = YX C =C‫کارکرد‬‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ =X‫منطقه‬‫زير‬ ‫يا‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫هر‬ ‫مساحت‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ =Y‫منطقه‬‫کارک‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫يا‬ ‫نواحي‬ ‫موقعيت‬ ‫از‬ ‫اي‬ ‫مقايسه‬ ‫تصويري‬ ‫محاسبه‬ ‫اين‬ ‫نتايج‬ .‫ميزان‬ ‫دهد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫ارائه‬ ‫همديگر‬ ‫به‬ ‫نسبت‬C‫و‬ ‫صفر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬ ‫تکنيک‬ ‫اين‬ ‫در‬100‫در‬ .‫ميزان‬ ‫هراندازه‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬C‫توزيع‬ ‫دهنده‬ ‫نشان‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫بالتر‬ ‫شده‬ ‫محاسبه‬ .‫است‬ ‫خاصي‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يا‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫آن‬ ‫شديد‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫يا‬ ‫نامناسب‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫تکنيک‬
  • 4. :‫کرد‬ ‫محاسبه‬ ‫زير‬ ‫فرمول‬ ‫با‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫را‬ ‫خاصي‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬ =DQ‫توزيع‬‫ضريب‬ =Y‫ناحيه‬‫هر‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ =X‫ناحيه‬‫هر‬ ‫مساحت‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ ‫نواحي‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫يا‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحدهاي‬ ‫تراکم‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬ ‫نتايج‬ ‫را‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫بالترين‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫بيشترين‬ ‫و‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫يک‬ ‫از‬ ‫بيشتر‬ ‫آنها‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫که‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬ .‫دهد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫نشان‬ )‫توزيع‬ ‫ضريب‬ ‫تکنيک‬Techniques of Distribution Quotient( X Y DQ =
  • 5. ‫ديگر‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫هر‬ ‫يا‬ ‫توليدي‬ ‫واحدهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫مقايسه‬ ‫از‬ ‫زمان‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ ‫آيا‬ ‫که‬ ‫دريافت‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫نيز‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫زماني‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫چند‬ ‫براي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫و‬ ‫شود‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کاسته‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫نواحي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫گردد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫تشديد‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫نقاط‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫اينکه‬. .‫به‬ ‫کرد‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫نيز‬ ‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫روش‬ ‫از‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کار‬ ‫اين‬ ‫براي‬ ‫مقدار‬ ‫بايد‬ ‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫سنجش‬ ‫براي‬ ‫ديگر‬ ‫عبارت‬C‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫دوره‬ .‫کرد‬ ‫کم‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫دوره‬ =D‫تمرکززدايي‬‫سطح‬ =C1‫اول‬‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ =C2‫دوم‬‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫ميزان‬ ‫مقدار‬D‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬100-‫و‬100. +‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫بيانگر‬ ‫مثبت‬ ‫مقادير‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬ ‫در‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫دهنده‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫منفي‬ ‫مقادير‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫کارکردهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫توزيع‬ ‫در‬ .‫باشد‬ ‫مي‬ ‫زمان‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ ‫بيشتر‬ ‫تمرکززدايي‬ ‫سنجش‬ 12 CCD −=
  • 6. ‫يک‬ ‫در‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫فعاليتهاي‬ ‫يا‬ ‫کارکردها‬ ‫بين‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫که‬ ‫ميدهد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫روش‬ ‫اين‬ ‫واحدهاي‬ ،‫فعاليت‬ ‫يک‬ ‫حد‬ ‫چه‬ ‫تا‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫همگرايي‬ ‫و‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫منطقه‬ .‫تواند‬ ‫مي‬ ‫کار‬ ‫اين‬ ‫کند‬ ‫مي‬ ‫جذب‬ ‫خود‬ ‫منطقه‬ ‫به‬ ‫را‬ ‫خود‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫حوزه‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬ :‫گيرد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫ذيل‬ ‫فرمول‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬ =La‫مکاني‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫ميزان‬ =X‫ناحيه‬ ‫در‬ ‫کارکرد‬ ‫يا‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ =Y‫ناحيه‬‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫يک‬ ‫درصدي‬ ‫سهم‬ ‫مقدار‬ ‫اينجا‬ ‫در‬La‫تا‬ ‫صفر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫همواره‬100‫هرچقدر‬ ،‫باشد‬ ‫بيشتر‬ ‫است‬ ‫نوسان‬ ‫در‬ ‫ميزان‬La‫منطقه‬ ‫در‬ ‫فعاليت‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫دو‬ ‫بين‬ ‫بال‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫همگرايي‬ ‫بيانگر‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫بيشتر‬ .‫است‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ )‫مکاني‬ ‫پيوستگي‬ ‫تکنيک‬Techniques of Locational association( 2 100 ∑ − −= YX La