17. Combinations of wireless networks and mobile computing. Mobile Network Users Loyola College, Vettavalam.
18. Client Server Model : A network with two clients and one server: Employees accessing company’s Information System Business Applications of Networks Loyola College, Vettavalam.
19. The client-server model involves requests and replies. Business Applications of Networks (2) Loyola College, Vettavalam.
20. In peer-to-peer system there are no fixed clients and servers. Peer-to-Peer Model of Communication Loyola College, Vettavalam.
48. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) is a set of internationally recognized, non-proprietary standards for networking and for operating system involved in networking functions. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
49. 7 Layers 7. Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer All People Seem To Need Data Processing Loyola College, Vettavalam.
54. For outgoing messages, it converts data into a generic format for network transmission; for incoming messages, it converts data from the generic network format to a format that the receiving application can understand
55. This layer is also responsible for certain protocol conversions, data encryption/decryption, or data compression/decompression
56.
57.
58. Applications on either end of the session are able to exchange data for the duration of the session
59. This layer is: Responsible for initiating, maintaining and terminating sessions
60. Responsible for security and access control to session information (via session participant identification)
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62.
63. Manages the flow of data between parties by segmenting long data streams into smaller data chunks (based on allowed “packet” size for a given transmission medium)
76. This layer manages the interface between the the computer and the network medium (coax, twisted pair, etc.)
77. This layer tells the driver software for the MAU (media attachment unit, ex. network interface cards (NICs, modems, etc.)) what needs to be sent across the medium
80. A convenient aid for remembering the OSI layer names is to use the first letter of each word in the phrase: All People Seem To Need Data Processing Remember Loyola College, Vettavalam.
119. (a) Structure of the telephone system. (b)Baran’s proposed distributed switching system. The ARPANET(Advanced Research Project Agency Net) Loyola College, Vettavalam.
120. The original ARPANET design. The ARPANET (2) Loyola College, Vettavalam. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
121. The ARPANET (3) Growth of the ARPANET (a) December 1969. (b) July 1970. (c) March 1971. (d) April 1972. (e) September 1972. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
130. The ATM reference model. The ATM Reference Model Loyola College, Vettavalam.
131. The ATM layers and sublayers and their functions. The ATM Reference Model (2) Loyola College, Vettavalam.
132. Architecture of the original Ethernet. Ethernet Loyola College, Vettavalam.
133. (a) Wireless networking with a base station. (b) Ad hoc networking. Wireless LANs Loyola College, Vettavalam.
134. The range of a single radio may not cover the entire system. Wireless LANs (2) Loyola College, Vettavalam.
135. IEEE 802 Standards The 802 working groups. The important ones are marked with *. The ones marked with are hibernating. The one marked with † gave up. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
137. 2.2 THE OSI MODEL Established in 1947, the International Standards Organization (ISO) is a multinational body dedicated to worldwide agreement on international standards. An ISO standard that covers all aspects of network communications is the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. It was first introduced in the late 1970s. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
138.
139. Designer identified which networking functions had related uses and collected those functions into discrete groups that became the layers.
140. The OSI model allows complete interoperability between otherwise incompatible systems.
141. The Each layer uses the services of the layer immediately below it.Loyola College, Vettavalam.
151. 2.3 LAYERS IN THE OSI MODEL In this section we briefly describe the functions of each layer in the OSI model. Topics discussed in this section: Physical LayerData Link Layer Network Layer Transport Layer Session Layer Presentation Layer Application Layer Loyola College, Vettavalam.
152.
153. The physical layer is responsible for movements of individual bits from one hop (node) to the next. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
182. Physical Addresses Figure 2.18Relationship of layers and addresses in TCP/IP Loyola College, Vettavalam.
183. Logical Addresses (cont’d) Figure 2.20IP addresses The physical addresses will change from hop to hop, but the logical addresses usually remain the same. Loyola College, Vettavalam.
184. Port Addresses (cont’d) Figure 2.21Port addresses The physical addresses will change from hop to hop, but the logical and port addresses usually remain the same. Loyola College, Vettavalam.