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Endometrial hyperplasia
1.
2. Proliferation of endometrial glands = >normal
gland-to-stroma ratio
Clinical signifance is its progression to
endometrial carcinoma = endometrial
hyperplasia with atypia is considered a
premalignant lesion
3. Unopposed action (by progesterone) or
excess of oestrogen action on uterus
Oestrogen-growth and vasculization
(proliferative endometrium)
Progesterone- glandular secretion (secretory
endometrium)
4. Estrogen replacement therapy – exogenous
unopposed estrogen
Tamoxifen therapy – estrogenic effect on
endometrium
Polycystic ovarian syndrome- anovulation
Chronic anovulatory cycles
Perimenopause period
Oestrogen-secreting tumors of the ovary
Obesity- aromatization of androgens in adipose
tissue
5. TYPE OF HYPERPLASIA PROGRESSIONTO CANCER
SIMPLE ( CYSTICWITHOUT ATYPIA) 1
COMPLEX (ADENOMATOUS WITHOUT
ATYPIA)
3
ATYPICAL
SIMPLE (CYSTICWITH ATYPIA) 8
COMPLEX (ADENOMATOUS WITH
ATYPIA)
29
General features of Atypia: glands with increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio;
irregular shape; size of nuclei; mitotic bodies; loss of polarity