presentation about western philosophers and their thought in politics. Introduction about aristotle the father of politics.

2. 1. INTRODUCTION
2. ARISTOTLE – THE FATHER OF
POLITICES
3. FAMOUS WESTERN POLITICAL
THINKERS
4. VIEWS OF WESTERN
THINKERS
5. CRITICALLY ANALYSIS
6. CONCLUSION

3. Greek
philosopher
parmenides
Greek
philosopher
Socrates

4.  Political thought, or political philosophy, studies questions about power, justice, rights,
law, and other issues related to governance. While some believe these concepts are
static, political thought asks how they originated and to what effect.
 The origins of Western thinking on the polis, the Greek word for city-state. We will read
Plato's famous work, The Republic, which presents an extended argument in dramatic
form for what might constitute the ideal polis, encompassing consideration of all
aspects of governance, citizenship, social order, and personal virtue.
 Speaking through the character of his teacher Socrates, Plato's model of the ideal city-
state mirrors the order of nature as based in his metaphysical Theory of Forms,
famously articulated here in The Republic through its famous Allegory of The Cave.
1.

5. Aristotle is called the
father of political science because he
elaborated on the topics and thinking of
the Ideal State, slavery, revolution,
education, citizenship, forms of
government, the theory of golden
mean, theory of constitution
etc.
Aristotle
Aristotle, Greek Aristoteles,
born 384 BCE, Stagira
died 322, Chalcis, Euboea
ancient Greek philosopher
and scientist, one of the
greatest intellectual
figures of Western
History.
2. Father of Political

6. 3.
FAMOUS
WESTER
N
POLITICA
L
THINKER
S
Aristotle
John locke John stunt Mill
Socrates
Thomas hobbes Immanuel Kant

7. Aristotle (384–322 B.C.E.) numbers among the greatest
philosophers of all time. Judged solely in terms of his
philosophical influence, only Plato is his peer: Aristotle’s
works shaped centuries of philosophy from Late Antiquity
through the Renaissance, and even today continue to be
studied with keen, non-antiquarian interest. A prodigious
researcher and writer, Aristotle left a great body of work,
perhaps numbering as many as two-hundred treatises, from
which approximately thirty-one survive. His extant writings
span a wide range of disciplines, from logic, metaphysics
and philosophy of mind, through ethics, political theory,
aesthetics and rhetoric, and into such primarily non-
philosophical fields as empirical biology, where he excelled
at detailed plant and animal observation and description.
Inall these areas, Aristotle’s theories have
provided illumination, met with resistance, sparked
debate, and generally stimulated the sustained interest of an
abiding readership.
Aristotle

8. 1. Aristotle’s Political Theory view:-
 Political Science in General –
The modern word ‘political’ derives from the
Greek politikos, ‘of, or pertaining to, the polis’. (The Greek
term polis will be translated here as ‘city-state’. It is also
commonly translated as ‘city’ or simply anglicized as ‘polis’.
City-states like Athens and Sparta were relatively small and
cohesive units, in which political, religious, and cultural
concerns were intertwined.
 Aristotle’s View of Politics-
Political science studies the tasks of the politician or statesman (politikos), in
much the way that medical science concerns the work of the physician
(see Politics IV.1). It is, in fact, the body of knowledge that such practitioners, if
truly expert, will also wield in pursuing their tasks. The most important task for
the politician is, in the role of lawgiver (nomothetês), to frame the appropriate
constitution for the city-state. This involves enduring laws, customs, and
institutions (including a system of moral education) for the citizens.
Correct Deviant
One Ruler Kingship Tyranny
Few Rulers Aristocracy Oligarchy
Many
Rulers
Polity Democracy

9. John locke
 In politics, Locke is best known as
a proponent of limited government.
He uses a theory of natural rights to
argue that governments have
obligations to their citizens, have only
limited powers over their citizens, and
can ultimately be overthrown by
citizens under certain circumstances.
 The Critique of Nativism -
The first of the Essay’s four books is
devoted to a critique of nativism, the
doctrine that some ideas are innate in
the human mind, rather than received in
experience. It is unclear precisely who
Locke’s targets in this book are, though
Locke does cite Herbert of Cherbury and
other likely candidates include René
Descartes, the Cambridge Platonists, and
a number of lesser known Anglican
theologians. Finding specific targets,
however, might not be that important
given that much of what Locke seeks to
do in Book I is motivate and make
plausible the alternative account of idea
acquisition that he offers in Book II.

10.  The conclusion reviews what has gone before and argues for an
interpretive pluralism supplemented by an interpretation that develops a
dialectical inclusive overview of interpretation, which incorporates
pluralism. The various interpretive schemes that are reviewed in the book
are taken to be problematic when seen as exclusive modes of explanation.
They are shown to be vulnerable to reciprocal critique yet they are also
recognized to provide viable forms of interpretation of past theorists. The
pluralism that is defended in relation to the past is extended to encompass
the present. A dialectical form of political thought and the study of its
history, which takes interpretation to be central to the process of
understanding past and present is defended.