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Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Emre Baransel – Advanced Support Engineer
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
MAA Nedir?
• Oracle MAA aşağıdaki konuları detaylı inceleyen bir projedir:
••Yüksek Erişilebilirlik --High Availability (HA)
Yüksek Erişilebilirlik High Availability (HA)
••Felaketten Kurtarma --Disaster Recovery (DR)
Felaketten Kurtarma Disaster Recovery (DR)
••Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme --Backup and Recovery (BR)
Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme Backup and Recovery (BR)

• Oracle test ortamlarında hazırlanır - Oracle müşteri sistemlerinde
hayata geçirilir ve doğrulanır.
• Operasyon ve konfigürasyon açısından “Best Practice” uygulamaları
belirler:
+ Hata/Arıza Toleransı ve hızlı sorun giderme
+ “Online” değişiklikler and “rolling” güncellemeler

= Minimum kesinti
2
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Exadata MAA yapısı

3
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Exadata’da Varolan MAA Komponentleri

••2-8 Database Servers  RAC
2-8 Database Servers  RAC
••3-14 Storage Servers  ASM (normal-high redundancy)
3-14 Storage Servers  ASM (normal-high redundancy)
••REDUNDANT DB node local disks drives (3-7 disk RAID5 --1 disk Hot Spare)
REDUNDANT DB node local disks drives (3-7 disk RAID5 1 disk Hot Spare)
••

//
//

Infiniband switches & Dual-port (QDR) Host Channel Adapters
Infiniband switches & Dual-port (QDR) Host Channel Adapters

••

//
//

power supply
power supply

••Oracle Hardware Assisted Resilient Data (HARD)
Oracle Hardware Assisted Resilient Data (HARD)
••Automatic Service Request
Automatic Service Request
••Rolling Upgrades --Online Redefinition --Exachk
Rolling Upgrades Online Redefinition Exachk

4
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Kurulum Sonrası MAA Tavsiyeleri

••Archivelog Mode
Archivelog Mode
••Force Logging
Force Logging
••Fast Recovery Area
Fast Recovery Area
••Oracle Flashback Technologies
Oracle Flashback Technologies
••Flashback Database
Flashback Database
••Flashback Query, Flashback Version Query, Flashback Transaction Query,
Flashback Query, Flashback Version Query, Flashback Transaction Query,
Flashback Table, Flashback Drop (Recycle Bin)
Flashback Table, Flashback Drop (Recycle Bin)

••ASMHigh Redundancy
ASM High Redundancy
Understanding ASM Capacity and
Reservation of Free Space in Exadata
Doc ID 1551288.1

5
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme

25TB/hour

27 TB/hour

9 TB/hour

8 TB/hour

6
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Disk Backup Best Practice’ler
Incrementally Updated Backup = Merged Backup = Image Copy
+ Block Change Tracking
• Disk backup performansı için:
- Tüm db instance’ları kullanın ve her instance’a iki RMAN kanalı ile başlayın.
Performans iyileştirme gerektiğinde ikişer kanal eklenebilir.
- FILESPERSET=1 incremental backup’larda kullanılmalı.
(tek file restore/recovery hızını arttırır)
"_file_size_increase_increment"=2143289344
(RMAN ASM’den 2GB’lik alanlar tahsis edecek, default 64MB)
"_backup_disk_bufcnt"=64
"_backup_disk_bufsz"=1048576
"_backup_file_bufcnt"=64
"_backup_file_bufsz"=1048576

7
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
ZFS Yedekleme Konfigürasyonu
••Exadata --ZFS konfigürayonu Oracle development
Exadata ZFS konfigürayonu Oracle development
tarafından test edilir, doğrulanır ve desteklenir.
tarafından test edilir, doğrulanır ve desteklenir.
••Read-only Snapshot ve read-write Clone veritabanları
Read-only Snapshot ve read-write Clone veritabanları
(HCC uncompress gerekli değil)
(HCC uncompress gerekli değil)

Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices using Oracle Sun ZFS
Storage Appliance and Oracle Exadata Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-dbm-zfs-backup-1593252.pdf

"Oracle Exadata Backup Configuration Utility for Sun ZFS Storage Appliance" tool
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/sun-unified-storage/downloads/zfssa-plugins-1489830.html

8
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Tape Backup Best Practice’ler

••RMAN ile uyumlu tüm tape yedekleme ürünleri desteklenir
RMAN ile uyumlu tüm tape yedekleme ürünleri desteklenir
••Exadata ile Tape Library arasında bir Media Server bulunmalıdır
Exadata ile Tape Library arasında bir Media Server bulunmalıdır
••Backup --restore hızı tape okuma yazma ve bağlantı hızına bağlıdır
Backup restore hızı tape okuma yazma ve bağlantı hızına bağlıdır

Disk backup’la birlikte tape backup kullanımı tavsiye edilir; Artıları:
Disk backup’la birlikte tape backup kullanımı tavsiye edilir; Artıları:
••Veri Exadata kutusunun dışında yedeklenir
Veri Exadata kutusunun dışında yedeklenir
••Yedeklerin uzak lokasyonlarda saklanması kolaydır
Yedeklerin uzak lokasyonlarda saklanması kolaydır
••Birden fazla yedek düşük maliyetle saklanabilir
Birden fazla yedek düşük maliyetle saklanabilir

9
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Exadata Backup & Recovery

10
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Felaketten Kurtarma
Data Guard ve Active Data Guard
Data Guard ve Active Data Guard
••Kesinti anında otomatik failover
Kesinti anında otomatik failover
••Standby-First Patch Apply (>=11.2.0.1)
Standby-First Patch Apply (>=11.2.0.1)
••Primary veritabanından yük azaltma
Primary veritabanından yük azaltma
(Active Data Guard, backup, corruption detection, flashback database)
(Active Data Guard, backup, corruption detection, flashback database)
••Exadata’da çok yüksek recovery hızı (290 MB/s)
Exadata’da çok yüksek recovery hızı (290 MB/s)

11
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Non-Exadata Standby

••Failover’da HCC tabloların uncompress edilmesi gerekir.
Failover’da HCC tabloların uncompress edilmesi gerekir.
••Standby’da daha fazla disk ihtiyacı ortaya çıkar
Standby’da daha fazla disk ihtiyacı ortaya çıkar
••Active Data Guard HCC tablolar üzerinde kullanılamaz
Active Data Guard HCC tablolar üzerinde kullanılamaz

12
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Corruption’dan Korunma

DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM

OFF
(FALSE)

DB_BLOCK_CHECKING

OFF
(FALSE)

TYPICAL
(TRUE)

LOW

MEDIUM

FULL

Physical
Corruption

FULL
(TRUE)

Logical
Corruption

DB_LOST_WRITE_PROTECT=TYPICAL (Exadata ‘da default TYPICAL)

Best Practices for Corruption Detection, Preventi
[ID 1302539.1]

13
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Diğer MAA Tavsiyeleri
• Erişilebilirlik SLA’lerinin (hangi sorunda hangi aksiyon alınacak, ne kadar kesinti
olacak vs.), RTO, RPO değerlerinin dökümante edilmesi.
• SLA’ler ile uyuşan kesinti/çözüm matrislerinin hazırlanması ve doğrulanması.
• “888828.1 - Database Machine and Exadata Storage Server 11g Release 2 (11.2)
Supported Versions” My Oracle Support notundaki tavsiye edilen patch seviyelerinin
düzenli test edilerek uygulanması.
• “1270094.1 - Exadata Critical Issues“notundaki kritik problemlerin takip edilmesi.
• Belirli periyodlarla, “1070954.1 - Oracle Exadata Database Machine exachk or
HealthCheck ” notundaki en güncel exachk versiyonunun çalıştırılması.
• Belirli periyodlarla Data Guard switchover’ın test edilmesi.
• EM Cloud Control Exadata monitoring ve Automatic Service Request araçlarının
kullanılması.

14
Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture
Exadata MAA – İlgili Linkler
• Deploying Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture with Exadata Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/exadata-maa-131903.pdf
• Best Practices for Database Consolidation On Exadata Database Machine
•http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/exadata-consolidation-522500.pdf
• Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices for Exadata Cell and Oracle Exadata Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/maa-tech-wp-sundbm-backup-11202-183503.pdf
•Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices using Oracle Sun ZFS Storage Appliance and Oracle Exadata
Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-dbm-zfs-backup-1593252.pdf
• Oracle Data Guard: Disaster Recovery for Oracle Exadata Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/maa-wp-dr-dbm-130065.pdf
• Exadata Maximum Availability Tests Video
http://vimeo.com/62754145

15

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Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture (Turkish)

  • 1. <Insert Picture Here> Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Emre Baransel – Advanced Support Engineer
  • 2. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture MAA Nedir? • Oracle MAA aşağıdaki konuları detaylı inceleyen bir projedir: ••Yüksek Erişilebilirlik --High Availability (HA) Yüksek Erişilebilirlik High Availability (HA) ••Felaketten Kurtarma --Disaster Recovery (DR) Felaketten Kurtarma Disaster Recovery (DR) ••Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme --Backup and Recovery (BR) Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme Backup and Recovery (BR) • Oracle test ortamlarında hazırlanır - Oracle müşteri sistemlerinde hayata geçirilir ve doğrulanır. • Operasyon ve konfigürasyon açısından “Best Practice” uygulamaları belirler: + Hata/Arıza Toleransı ve hızlı sorun giderme + “Online” değişiklikler and “rolling” güncellemeler = Minimum kesinti 2
  • 3. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Exadata MAA yapısı 3
  • 4. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Exadata’da Varolan MAA Komponentleri ••2-8 Database Servers  RAC 2-8 Database Servers  RAC ••3-14 Storage Servers  ASM (normal-high redundancy) 3-14 Storage Servers  ASM (normal-high redundancy) ••REDUNDANT DB node local disks drives (3-7 disk RAID5 --1 disk Hot Spare) REDUNDANT DB node local disks drives (3-7 disk RAID5 1 disk Hot Spare) •• // // Infiniband switches & Dual-port (QDR) Host Channel Adapters Infiniband switches & Dual-port (QDR) Host Channel Adapters •• // // power supply power supply ••Oracle Hardware Assisted Resilient Data (HARD) Oracle Hardware Assisted Resilient Data (HARD) ••Automatic Service Request Automatic Service Request ••Rolling Upgrades --Online Redefinition --Exachk Rolling Upgrades Online Redefinition Exachk 4
  • 5. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Kurulum Sonrası MAA Tavsiyeleri ••Archivelog Mode Archivelog Mode ••Force Logging Force Logging ••Fast Recovery Area Fast Recovery Area ••Oracle Flashback Technologies Oracle Flashback Technologies ••Flashback Database Flashback Database ••Flashback Query, Flashback Version Query, Flashback Transaction Query, Flashback Query, Flashback Version Query, Flashback Transaction Query, Flashback Table, Flashback Drop (Recycle Bin) Flashback Table, Flashback Drop (Recycle Bin) ••ASMHigh Redundancy ASM High Redundancy Understanding ASM Capacity and Reservation of Free Space in Exadata Doc ID 1551288.1 5
  • 6. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Yedekleme ve Yedekten Dönme 25TB/hour 27 TB/hour 9 TB/hour 8 TB/hour 6
  • 7. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Disk Backup Best Practice’ler Incrementally Updated Backup = Merged Backup = Image Copy + Block Change Tracking • Disk backup performansı için: - Tüm db instance’ları kullanın ve her instance’a iki RMAN kanalı ile başlayın. Performans iyileştirme gerektiğinde ikişer kanal eklenebilir. - FILESPERSET=1 incremental backup’larda kullanılmalı. (tek file restore/recovery hızını arttırır) "_file_size_increase_increment"=2143289344 (RMAN ASM’den 2GB’lik alanlar tahsis edecek, default 64MB) "_backup_disk_bufcnt"=64 "_backup_disk_bufsz"=1048576 "_backup_file_bufcnt"=64 "_backup_file_bufsz"=1048576 7
  • 8. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture ZFS Yedekleme Konfigürasyonu ••Exadata --ZFS konfigürayonu Oracle development Exadata ZFS konfigürayonu Oracle development tarafından test edilir, doğrulanır ve desteklenir. tarafından test edilir, doğrulanır ve desteklenir. ••Read-only Snapshot ve read-write Clone veritabanları Read-only Snapshot ve read-write Clone veritabanları (HCC uncompress gerekli değil) (HCC uncompress gerekli değil) Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices using Oracle Sun ZFS Storage Appliance and Oracle Exadata Database Machine http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-dbm-zfs-backup-1593252.pdf "Oracle Exadata Backup Configuration Utility for Sun ZFS Storage Appliance" tool http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/sun-unified-storage/downloads/zfssa-plugins-1489830.html 8
  • 9. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Tape Backup Best Practice’ler ••RMAN ile uyumlu tüm tape yedekleme ürünleri desteklenir RMAN ile uyumlu tüm tape yedekleme ürünleri desteklenir ••Exadata ile Tape Library arasında bir Media Server bulunmalıdır Exadata ile Tape Library arasında bir Media Server bulunmalıdır ••Backup --restore hızı tape okuma yazma ve bağlantı hızına bağlıdır Backup restore hızı tape okuma yazma ve bağlantı hızına bağlıdır Disk backup’la birlikte tape backup kullanımı tavsiye edilir; Artıları: Disk backup’la birlikte tape backup kullanımı tavsiye edilir; Artıları: ••Veri Exadata kutusunun dışında yedeklenir Veri Exadata kutusunun dışında yedeklenir ••Yedeklerin uzak lokasyonlarda saklanması kolaydır Yedeklerin uzak lokasyonlarda saklanması kolaydır ••Birden fazla yedek düşük maliyetle saklanabilir Birden fazla yedek düşük maliyetle saklanabilir 9
  • 10. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Exadata Backup & Recovery 10
  • 11. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Felaketten Kurtarma Data Guard ve Active Data Guard Data Guard ve Active Data Guard ••Kesinti anında otomatik failover Kesinti anında otomatik failover ••Standby-First Patch Apply (>=11.2.0.1) Standby-First Patch Apply (>=11.2.0.1) ••Primary veritabanından yük azaltma Primary veritabanından yük azaltma (Active Data Guard, backup, corruption detection, flashback database) (Active Data Guard, backup, corruption detection, flashback database) ••Exadata’da çok yüksek recovery hızı (290 MB/s) Exadata’da çok yüksek recovery hızı (290 MB/s) 11
  • 12. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Non-Exadata Standby ••Failover’da HCC tabloların uncompress edilmesi gerekir. Failover’da HCC tabloların uncompress edilmesi gerekir. ••Standby’da daha fazla disk ihtiyacı ortaya çıkar Standby’da daha fazla disk ihtiyacı ortaya çıkar ••Active Data Guard HCC tablolar üzerinde kullanılamaz Active Data Guard HCC tablolar üzerinde kullanılamaz 12
  • 13. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Corruption’dan Korunma DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM OFF (FALSE) DB_BLOCK_CHECKING OFF (FALSE) TYPICAL (TRUE) LOW MEDIUM FULL Physical Corruption FULL (TRUE) Logical Corruption DB_LOST_WRITE_PROTECT=TYPICAL (Exadata ‘da default TYPICAL) Best Practices for Corruption Detection, Preventi [ID 1302539.1] 13
  • 14. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Diğer MAA Tavsiyeleri • Erişilebilirlik SLA’lerinin (hangi sorunda hangi aksiyon alınacak, ne kadar kesinti olacak vs.), RTO, RPO değerlerinin dökümante edilmesi. • SLA’ler ile uyuşan kesinti/çözüm matrislerinin hazırlanması ve doğrulanması. • “888828.1 - Database Machine and Exadata Storage Server 11g Release 2 (11.2) Supported Versions” My Oracle Support notundaki tavsiye edilen patch seviyelerinin düzenli test edilerek uygulanması. • “1270094.1 - Exadata Critical Issues“notundaki kritik problemlerin takip edilmesi. • Belirli periyodlarla, “1070954.1 - Oracle Exadata Database Machine exachk or HealthCheck ” notundaki en güncel exachk versiyonunun çalıştırılması. • Belirli periyodlarla Data Guard switchover’ın test edilmesi. • EM Cloud Control Exadata monitoring ve Automatic Service Request araçlarının kullanılması. 14
  • 15. Oracle Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture Exadata MAA – İlgili Linkler • Deploying Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture with Exadata Database Machine http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/exadata-maa-131903.pdf • Best Practices for Database Consolidation On Exadata Database Machine •http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/exadata-consolidation-522500.pdf • Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices for Exadata Cell and Oracle Exadata Database Machine http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/maa-tech-wp-sundbm-backup-11202-183503.pdf •Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices using Oracle Sun ZFS Storage Appliance and Oracle Exadata Database Machine http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-dbm-zfs-backup-1593252.pdf • Oracle Data Guard: Disaster Recovery for Oracle Exadata Database Machine http://www.oracle.com/au/products/database/maa-wp-dr-dbm-130065.pdf • Exadata Maximum Availability Tests Video http://vimeo.com/62754145 15