Teaching of english

1. TEACHING OF ENGLISH
6508 CODE
CHAP#1
Presented By: ZAHEER AHMAD
M.PHIL(ENG) , M.ED
03007843375

2. Objectives

3. Introduction
• English has become a lingua franca in the 21st
century. It is read spoken and taught almost all
over the world, it is a language of
communication, research, business, politics
etc in addition to online world of internet. In
Pakistan, English is considered as an official
language it is taught as a compulsory subject
to college level, higher education is is
imparted in English in all disciplines.

4. Definition of language
• Language is defined as a system of
conventional spoken or written symbols by
means of which human beings, as a matter of
social groups and participants in its culture
communicate.

5. Conti..

6. Cont.
• This definition of language refers to all the
significant components of language
• Semantics
• Phonetics
• Syntax
• Morphology

7. Functions of language
• Each language is a working system of communication
in the period and the community where it is used
• It is a product of its past history
• It is a source of future development

8. Aspects of language study

9. Phonetics and phonology
• Phonetics is the study of the production and
perception of speech sounds,
• phonology concerns the study of more
complex and abstract sound patterns and
structures (syllables, intonation, etc.)

10. Grammar

11. semantics
• Language exist to be meaningful
• Study of meanings both is theoretical terms
and in reference to a specific language is
called semantics.
• It embraces meaningful functions of
phonological features, grammar structure and
the meaning of individual words.

12. Perception of language
• Perception is the process by which the sounds
of language are heard, assimilated and
understood.
• 1) psychologically and mentally normal person
acquires in childhood the ability to make the
use, as both speaker and hearer of a system of
vocal communication. This system comprises
of a set of noise and movements of cavity

13. • Different systems of vocal communication
different languages
• Normally people are monolingual and second
languages are learned to different degree of
competence under various conditions
• Human language has productivity, creativity and
infinite quality as compared to other creature
• Arbitrariness
• Concept of past and future

14. Problems of teaching English in
Pakistan
• Psychological problems
• Related to psyche
• Original definition of psychology is the study
of soul later stated as mind and consciousness
• It is a study of behaviour and mantel process
• It deals with different aspects like mantel,
environmental and socio-cultural
• Absence and presence mantel process

15. Dead concepts about English
• Language of enemies of Islam
• No interest
• Poor domestic environment linguistically
• Strict parents
• Poverty and low economic status leads toward
inferiority complex

16. • Physical ailments
• Intelligence
• Richness
• Classroom environment

17. Study material/ textbooks
• Rigid course, no teacher authority to change
• Each school has it own syllabus
• Curriculum wing is sole authority
• Out dated syllabus
• No actual activity just covering the syllabus

20. Learner needs
• Capability
• Emotional
• Psychological
• Educational
• Examination

21. Relationshiop b/w the language, the
learning, the learner
• Teacher should understand this relationship
• Language in the past ( a rule governed behaviour)
• Language in present ( a dynamic and complex
phenomenon not only based on grammatical
rules)
• Login says, people learn the same material in
different ways.(different styles of learning)
• Learners are active agent to learn attitude and
expectations

22. Principles for effective language
learning
• Structure and lexicon should be presented in the
context
• Special attention to discourse features of language
• Learner needs and their differeces
• Use of different strategies in language learning process
• Process of language learning should be learner
centered, like active participation and developing their
cognitive and interpersonal skills
• Consider that book is the only one source of input to
student

23. Bilingualism
• Mastery in two languages
• Native and primary language of culture
• L2 language is the basic asset of a child. It is
his behviour, communication, achievement
and fulfillment. It’s a biological, psychological
and social fulfillment
• L2 language learning is directly linked with L1
• L1 is used in the classroom as teaching
technique for L2 learning

24. Code switching
• Code switching occurs when a speaker use
alternates within two or more languages in a
single conversation
• It is help full in handling difficult situation in
language learning process
• Negating the child’s first language mean
negating the child

25. Objectives of teaching English
language
• Use of that language effectively in various
situations
• Knowledge of one language helps to learn
other

26. General aims by Pakistan (1-V)
• Recognize alphbet
• Exchange social courtesies (politeness)
• Follow and respond to instructions
• Use of social norms
• Talk about feeling
• Ask for need
• Ask a question

27. General aims by Pakistan (XI-XII)
• Introduce English literature to students and
develop their literacy taste.
• Analyze critically text like drama, poetry and
novel
• Read literature for enjoyment
• Prepare for higher studies in literature